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1. 发明授权

US08209393B2 Multiple machine architecture with overhead reduction 有权
标题翻译：多机架构，降低开销
公开(公告)号：US08209393B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-26
申请号：US12011216
申请日：2008-01-23
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F15/167 , G06F12/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F9/52 , G06F11/2038
摘要： A multiple computer environment is disclosed in which an application program executes simultaneously on a plurality of computers (M1, M2, . . . Mn) interconnected by a communications network and in which the local memory of each computer is not maintained substantially the same by updating in due course. An address table mechanism is provided to permit access to an asset, object, or structure (i.e., memory location) for the purpose of updating, for example. Not all computers have the same memory, so it is not necessary for all computers to be updated.
摘要翻译：公开了一种多计算机环境，其中应用程序在由通信网络互连的多个计算机（M1，M2，...，Mn）上同时执行，并且其中每个计算机的本地存储器通过更新来维护基本上不相同在适当的时候。例如，提供地址表机制以允许访问资产，对象或结构（即，存储器位置）。并不是所有的计算机都具有相同的内存，所以不需要更新所有的计算机。

2. 发明授权

US07962697B2 Contention detection 有权
标题翻译：竞争检测
公开(公告)号：US07962697B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-14
申请号：US11973377
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F9/00 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A multiple computer system is disclosed in which n computers (M1, M2 . . . Mn) each run a different portion of a single application program written to execute only on a single computer. The local memory of each computer is maintained substantially the same by updating all computers with every change made to addressed memory locations. Contention can arise when the same memory location is substantially simultaneously updated by two or more machines because of transmission delays and latency of the communications network interconnecting all the computers. In particular a method of detecting contention is disclosed which utilizes a count value indicative of the number of the sequence of occasions on which each memory location has been updated. Contention is indicated if the currently stored count value and the incoming updating count value are the same.
摘要翻译：公开了一种多计算机系统，其中n个计算机（M1，M2 ... Mn）各自运行单个应用程序的不同部分，仅写入单个计算机上。每个计算机的本地存储器通过对所寻址的存储器位置进行的每个改变更新所有计算机而保持基本相同。由于通信网络的互连所有计算机的传输延迟和等待时间，由两台或多台机器基本上同时更新相同的存储器位置时，可能会发生争用。特别地，公开了一种检测争用的方法，其利用指示每个存储器位置已被更新的场合顺序的数量的计数值。如果当前存储的计数值和进入的更新计数值相同，则表示争用。

3. 发明授权

US07860829B2 Computer architecture and method of operation for multi-computer distributed processing with replicated memory 有权
标题翻译：具有复制内存的多计算机分布式处理的计算机体系结构和操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07860829B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US12396446
申请日：2009-03-02
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F8/456
摘要： The present invention discloses a modified computer architecture (50, 71, 72) which enables an applications program (50) to be run simultaneously on a plurality of computers (M1, . . . Mn). Shared memory at each computer is updated with amendments and/or overwrites so that all memory read requests are satisfied locally. During initial program loading (75), or similar, instructions which result in memory being re-written or manipulated are identified (92). Additional instructions are inserted (103) to cause the equivalent memory locations at all computers to be updated.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种改进的计算机体系结构（50,71,72），其使应用程序（50）能够在多个计算机（M1 ...，Mn）上同时运行。每个计算机上的共享内存都被修改和/或覆盖更新，以便本地满足所有的内存读取请求。在初始程序加载（75）或类似情况下，识别导致存储器被重写或操纵的指令（92）。插入附加说明（103）以使更新所有计算机上的等效内存位置。

4. 发明授权

US07849452B2 Modification of computer applications at load time for distributed execution 有权
标题翻译：在加载时修改计算机应用程序以进行分布式执行
公开(公告)号：US07849452B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US10830042
申请日：2004-04-23
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F15/16 , G06F15/76
CPC分类号： G06F9/445
摘要： The present invention discloses a modified computer architecture which enables an applications program to be run simultaneously on a plurality of computers. Shared memory at each computer is updated with amendments and/or overwrites so that all memory read requests are satisfied locally. During initial program loading, or similar, instructions which result in memory being re-written or manipulated are identified. Additional instructions are inserted to cause the equivalent memory locations at all computers to be updated.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种改进的计算机体系结构，其使应用程序能够在多台计算机上同时运行。每个计算机上的共享内存都被修改和/或覆盖更新，以便本地满足所有的内存读取请求。在初始程序加载期间或类似情况下，识别导致存储器被重写或操纵的指令。插入附加说明以使所有计算机上的等效内存位置更新。

5. 发明申请

US20100054254A1 Asynchronous data transmission 审中-公开
标题翻译：异步数据传输
公开(公告)号：US20100054254A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-04
申请号：US11973394
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： G06F9/54 , H04L67/32 , H04L69/40
摘要： A method of, and system for, asynchronous data transmission are disclosed which have application in the transmission of stock exchange data or replicated memory data. Later transmitted data (14) is used to overwrite earlier transmitted and received data (13). However, earlier transmitted data (14) which is received later than later transmitted data (15) (for example due to network latency) does not overwrite the later transmitted data (15). Transmitted data packets include a count value (15) indicative of the sequence position of each data packet in a transmitted sequence (13, 14, 15) of data packets. A transmitter and receiver for asynchronous data transmission and reception, and a packet signal structure are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于异步数据传输的方法和系统，其在证券交易所数据或复制存储器数据的传输中具有应用。稍后发送的数据（14）用于覆盖先前发送和接收的数据（13）。然而，比稍后发送的数据（15）晚（例如由于网络等待时间）接收的较早发送的数据（14）不会覆盖稍后发送的数据（15）。发送的数据分组包括指示数据分组的发送序列（13,14,15）中的每个数据分组的序列位置的计数值（15）。还公开了用于异步数据传输和接收的发射机和接收机以及分组信号结构。

6. 发明申请

US20080195682A1 Multiple computer system with enhanced memory clean up 审中-公开
标题翻译：多计算机系统具有增强的内存清理
公开(公告)号：US20080195682A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-14
申请号：US12011199
申请日：2008-01-23
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F9/44 , G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： The updating of only some memory locations in a multiple computer environment in which at least one applications program (50) executes simultaneously on a plurality of computers M1, M2 . . . Mn each of which has a local memory, is disclosed. Memory locations (A, B, D, E, X) in said local memory are categorized into two groups. The first group of memory locations (X1, X2, . . . Xn, A1, A2 . . . An) are each accessible by other computers. The second group of memory locations (B, E) are each accessible only by the computer having the local memory including the memory location. Changes to the contents of memory locations in the first group only are transmitted to all other computers. A demotion mechanism is disclosed to demote memory locations in the first group into the second group in the event that application program execution means that a memory location in said first group is no longer referenced by another memory location in another computer.
摘要翻译：在多个计算机环境中仅更新一些存储器位置，其中至少一个应用程序（50）在多个计算机M 1，M 2上同时执行。。。公开了各自具有本地存储器的Mn。所述本地存储器中的存储单元（A，B，D，E，X）分为两组。第一组存储器位置（X 1，X 2，...，Xn，A 1，A 2 ... An）可由其他计算机访问。第二组存储器位置（B，E）每个只能由具有包括存储器位置的本地存储器的计算机访问。对第一组中存储器位置的内容的更改仅发送到所有其他计算机。公开了降级机制，以便在应用程序执行意味着所述第一组中的存储器位置不再被另一计算机中的另一个存储器位置引用的情况下将第一组中的存储器位置降级到第二组中。

7. 发明申请

US20080155127A1 Multi-path switching networks 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20080155127A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-26
申请号：US11973317
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L49/1515
摘要： A switching network for multiple computer systems is disclosed which utilises pairs of multi-port switches (S1-S4) and (preferably) less complex switches (S5-S7). The multi-port switches are arranged in pairs with a computer of the multiple computer system being able to be connected to each port of each multi-port switch except for one port. That one port of each multi-port switch is connected to a single one of the less complex switches. All the less complex switches are arranged in a twin branch multi-level tree structure. The arrangement overcomes bottlenecks arising from the serial interconnection of multi-port switches.

8. 发明申请

US20080140975A1 Contention detection with data consolidation 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20080140975A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11973324
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/52 , G06F12/0833
摘要： A multiple computer system is disclosed in which n computers (M1, M2 . . . Mn) each run a different portion of a single application program written to execute only on a single computer. The local memory of each computer is maintained substantially the same by updating all computers with every change made to addressed memory locations. Contention can arise when the same memory location is substantially simultaneously updated by two or more machines because of transmission delays and latency of the communications network interconnecting all the computers. In particular a method of data consolidation which permits contention detection and resolution is disclosed. A count value indicative of the cumulative number of times each memory location has been updated is utilized. Contention is indicated if the currently stored count value and the incoming updating count value are the same. The volume of memory occupied can be consolidated by deleting the count value, or reducing it from 32 bits to 1 bit, from time to time, and re-initializing the count value as necessary. An individual count value for each updating signal (95, 195), and a group updating signal (295) having a single count value, are both disclosed.

9. 发明申请

US20080140970A1 Advanced synchronization and contention resolution 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20080140970A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11973371
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A multiple computer environment is disclosed in which an application program executes simultaneously on a plurality of computers (M1, M2, . . . Mn) interconnected by a communications network (3) and in which the local memory of each computer is maintained substantially the same by updating in due course. A lock mechanism is provided to permit exclusive access to an asset, object, or structure (ie memory location) by acquisition and release of the lock. In particular, before a new lock can be acquired by any other computer on a memory location previously locked by one computer, any updating count(s) for the previously locked memory location are transmitted to all the other computers and their corresponding memory locations (before the in due course updating). Thus the lock acquiring computer can ascertain if its local memory has been adequately updated.

10. 发明申请

US20080140863A1 Multiple communication networks for multiple computers 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20080140863A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11973341
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： John M. Holt
发明人： John M. Holt
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/24 , H04L67/10 , H04L67/1095 , H04L69/14
摘要： A system and method for interconnecting multiple computers (M1, M2, . . . , Mn) via at least two communications networks (N1, N2, N3) are disclosed. The connections are made via multiple communications ports (28, 38). Data is sent and received via a data protocol which identifies the sequence position of each data packet in a transmitted sequence of data packets. The packets can be transmitted and/or received out of order. The multiple computers each execute a different portion of an applications program written to execute on a single computer.

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