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1. 发明授权

US08487697B2 Fully differential autozeroing amplifier 有权
标题翻译：全差分自动调零放大器
公开(公告)号：US08487697B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-16
申请号：US13315893
申请日：2011-12-09
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H03F1/02
CPC分类号： H03F3/45475 , H03F3/211 , H03F3/45183 , H03F3/45968 , H03F2200/453 , H03F2200/456 , H03F2200/462 , H03F2200/471 , H03F2200/481 , H03F2203/45134
摘要： A fully differential amplifier with automatic offset voltage zeroing including first and second dynamically switched current mirrors and an output circuit. Each current mirror toggles operation between an autozeroing phase in which it mirrors a first current level indicative of a level of a first input terminal to provide a mirrored current, and an output phase in which it applies a difference current to a common output node. The difference current is a difference between the mirrored current and a second current level indicative of a level of a second input terminal. The first and second dynamically switched current mirrors operate out of phase with respect to each other during respective periods of each cycle of a clock signal. The output circuit develops first and second output signals on first and second output terminals at first and second polarities, respectively, based on a level of the common output node.
摘要翻译：具有自动失调电压归零的全差分放大器，包括第一和第二动态切换电流镜和输出电路。每个电流反射镜在自动调零阶段之间切换操作，其中其反映指示第一输入端子的电平的第一电流电平以提供镜像电流，以及在差分电流向公共输出节点施加差分电流的输出阶段。差分电流是表示第二输入端子的电平的镜像电流和第二电流电平之间的差。在时钟信号的每个周期的相应周期期间，第一和第二动态切换电流镜相对于彼此工作异相。输出电路基于公共输出节点的电平分别在第一和第二极性的第一和第二输出端子上产生第一和第二输出信号。

2. 发明授权

US4806875A Precision operational amplifier 失效
标题翻译：精密运算放大器
公开(公告)号：US4806875A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US193258
申请日：1988-05-11
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H03F1/26 , H03F1/30 , H03F3/34 , H03F3/345 , H03F3/347 , H03F3/38 , H03F3/45
CPC分类号： H03F1/304
摘要： The precision operational amplifier of the invention has at least two stages, a first input differential stage and a second high gain stage having its input coupled to the output of the first stage. A digital control circuit coupled to the output of the second stage is used to supply a correction signal to the first stage, the correction signal being calculated to compensate for the offset voltage of the first stage. A digital representation of the correction signal is stored so that it may continuously be applied to the first stage, whereby the offset voltage of the first stage is substantially reduced and such reduction can be maintained for long periods of times. In a preferred embodiment, the digital circuit supplies a second independent correction signal to the second stage. That signal is also stored so that it may continuously be applied to the second stage, whereby the offset voltage of the second stage is substantially reduced and that reduction too can be maintained for long periods of time. The circuit of the invention may be contained in a single chip, monolithic integrated circuit.

3. 发明申请

US20160079944A1 PRECISION, HIGH VOLTAGE, LOW POWER DIFFERENTIAL INPUT STAGE WITH STATIC AND DYNAMIC GATE PROTECTION 有权
标题翻译：精密，高电压，低功率差动输入级，静态和动态门保护
公开(公告)号：US20160079944A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-17
申请号：US14840289
申请日：2015-08-31
申请人： Gregory L Schaffer , Maarten Jeroen Fonderie
发明人： Gregory L Schaffer , Maarten Jeroen Fonderie
IPC分类号： H03F3/45 , H03F1/56 , H03F1/52
CPC分类号： H03F3/45179 , H03F1/523 , H03F3/45 , H03F3/45475 , H03F2200/444 , H03F2203/30063 , H03F2203/45154 , H03F2203/45326 , H03F2203/45352 , H03F2203/45366
摘要： A precision, high voltage, low power differential input stage including static and dynamic gate protection is disclosed herein. The differential input stage incorporates the performance of low voltage transistors with the high voltage capability of high voltage transistors. The transistors may be MOSFETs or the like. In addition, gate protection is provided to protect against large DC voltages and AC voltage transitions. The differential input stage includes a pair of input circuits, such as positive and negative input circuits, each including a cascode combination of low and high voltage transistors. In each cascode stage, the low voltage transistor is fabricated with a gate threshold voltage that is as high or higher than that of the high voltage transistors. The low voltage, high threshold transistors in the cascode stages may be configured to match each other. Resistors and capacitors may be provided to protect against excessive input current and voltage.
摘要翻译：本文公开了包括静态和动态门保护的精密，高电压，低功率差分输入级。差分输入级采用具有高压晶体管高压能力的低压晶体管的性能。晶体管可以是MOSFET等。此外，提供栅极保护以防止大直流电压和交流电压转换。差分输入级包括一对输入电路，例如正和负输入电路，每一个包括低压和高压晶体管的共源共栅组合。在每个级联级中，低压晶体管的栅极阈值电压高于或高于高压晶体管。级联级中的低电压，高阈值晶体管可以被配置为彼此匹配。可以提供电阻器和电容器来防止过大的输入电流和电压。

4. 发明授权

US08717005B2 Inherently accurate adjustable switched capacitor voltage reference with wide voltage range 有权
标题翻译：具有宽电压范围的固有精确的可调开关电容器电压基准
公开(公告)号：US08717005B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-06
申请号：US13540380
申请日：2012-07-02
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： G05F1/59 , G05F1/618
CPC分类号： G05F3/30
摘要： A switched capacitor voltage reference including a single bias current source, three capacitors, diode devices, an amplifier and switching circuits for developing a temperature independent reference voltage. A single current source avoids having to match multiple current sources. A first capacitor and at least one diode device set a voltage having a negative temperature coefficient. A second capacitor and each of the diode devices set a voltage having a positive temperature coefficient. A third capacitor allows adjustable gain to enable a wide voltage range including a low voltage such as less than one volt. The switching circuits switch between multiple modes for developing and then combining the different temperature coefficient voltages. The topology allows a simple amplifier to be used. The topology is inherently accurate and does not require device trimming. An averaging method may be used to compensate for any mismatch between the diode devices.
摘要翻译：开关电容器电压基准包括单个偏置电流源，三个电容器，二极管器件，用于开发独立于温度的参考电压的放大器和开关电路。单个电流源避免了匹配多个电流源。第一电容器和至少一个二极管器件设置具有负温度系数的电压。第二电容器和每个二极管器件设置具有正温度系数的电压。第三个电容器允许可调节的增益使得能够实现包括低电压（例如小于1伏）的宽电压范围。开关电路在多种模式之间切换，用于开发，然后组合不同的温度系数电压。该拓扑结构允许使用简单的放大器。拓扑本质上是准确的，不需要设备修整。可以使用平均方法来补偿二极管器件之间的任何不匹配。

5. 发明授权

US5870296A Dual interleaved DC to DC switching circuits realized in an integrated circuit 失效
公开(公告)号：US5870296A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US949463
申请日：1997-10-14
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H02M3/155 , H02M3/158 , H02M7/00
CPC分类号： H02M3/1584
摘要： Dual interleaved DC to DC switching circuits realizable in an integrated circuit form, capable of monitoring individual inductor current using only one current sense resistor and providing automatic duty cycle adjustment to keep the inductor currents in the interleaved DC to DC switching circuits balanced. The preferred embodiment includes a gain error amplifier, an integral error amplifier, and a differentiator error amplifier and circuits for controlling the nominal duty cycle, with the gain error amplifier, integral error amplifier and differentiator error amplifier being adjustable independently by external components. The circuit further includes a high speed load regulation circuit that momentarily overrides the control circuitry to take over control of the interleaved converters during sudden load changes, such control also being programmable. The circuit further includes a load variation circuit to target the output voltage of the circuit to an optimal value with load to better keep the output voltage within a targeted range in the event of major step changes in the load. The disclosed embodiment is for two interleaved buck converters, though the principles of the invention are applicable to interleaved step up converters and the interleaving of more than two converters.

6. 发明授权

US4138649A Amplifier system 失效
标题翻译：放大器系统
公开(公告)号：US4138649A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US781151
申请日：1977-03-25
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H03F1/30 , H03F3/45 , H03F1/02
CPC分类号： H03F3/387 , H03F1/303 , H03F3/45775 , H03F3/45968 , H03F2200/81
摘要： A low-level dc amplifier includes a first amplification stage having a pair of direct coupled inputs and a pair of outputs direct coupled to the input side of a second amplifier. A first double-pole, double-throw electronic switch interchanges the two first stage inputs synchronously with a second such switch which interchanges the two first stage outputs. The switches produce at the input of the second amplifier a signal which averages out the first stage's equivalent offset signal. A clock drives the two switches at a preselected clocking frequency. The two clock-driven switches effectively cancel out low frequency (1/f) noise. A filter at the output side of the second amplification stage removes higher frequency noise including clock frequency noise.
摘要翻译：低电平直流放大器包括具有一对直接耦合输入的第一放大级和直接耦合到第二放大器的输入侧的一对输出。第一个双极双掷电子开关与两个第一级输出交换的第二个这样的开关同步地交换两个第一级输入。这些开关在第二放大器的输入处产生将第一级的等效偏移信号平均化的信号。时钟以预选的时钟频率驱动两个开关。两个时钟驱动开关有效地消除了低频（1 / f）噪声。在第二放大级的输出侧的滤波器去除包括时钟频率噪声的较高频率噪声。

7. 发明申请

US20140002052A1 INHERENTLY ACCURATE ADJUSTABLE SWITCHED CAPACITOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE WITH WIDE VOLTAGE RANGE 有权
标题翻译：通过宽电压范围确定可调开关电容参考电压
公开(公告)号：US20140002052A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-02
申请号：US13540380
申请日：2012-07-02
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： G05F3/10
CPC分类号： G05F3/30
摘要： A switched capacitor voltage reference including a single bias current source, three capacitors, diode devices, an amplifier and switching circuits for developing a temperature independent reference voltage. A single current source avoids having to match multiple current sources. A first capacitor and at least one diode device set a voltage having a negative temperature coefficient. A second capacitor and each of the diode devices set a voltage having a positive temperature coefficient. A third capacitor allows adjustable gain to enable a wide voltage range including a low voltage such as less than one volt. The switching circuits switch between multiple modes for developing and then combining the different temperature coefficient voltages. The topology allows a simple amplifier to be used. The topology is inherently accurate and does not require device trimming. An averaging method may be used to compensate for any mismatch between the diode devices.
摘要翻译：开关电容器电压基准包括单个偏置电流源，三个电容器，二极管器件，用于开发独立于温度的参考电压的放大器和开关电路。单个电流源避免了匹配多个电流源。第一电容器和至少一个二极管器件设置具有负温度系数的电压。第二电容器和每个二极管器件设置具有正温度系数的电压。第三个电容器允许可调节的增益使得能够实现包括低电压（例如小于1伏）的宽电压范围。开关电路在多种模式之间切换，用于开发，然后组合不同的温度系数电压。该拓扑结构允许使用简单的放大器。拓扑本质上是准确的，不需要设备修整。可以使用平均方法来补偿二极管器件之间的任何不匹配。

8. 发明申请

US20130147559A1 FULLY DIFFERENTIAL AUTOZEROING AMPLIFIER 有权
标题翻译：全差分自动放大放大器
公开(公告)号：US20130147559A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-13
申请号：US13315893
申请日：2011-12-09
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H03F3/45
CPC分类号： H03F3/45475 , H03F3/211 , H03F3/45183 , H03F3/45968 , H03F2200/453 , H03F2200/456 , H03F2200/462 , H03F2200/471 , H03F2200/481 , H03F2203/45134
摘要： A fully differential amplifier with automatic offset voltage zeroing including first and second dynamically switched current mirrors and an output circuit. Each dynamically switched current mirror toggles operation between an autozeroing phase in which it mirrors a first current level indicative of a level of a first input terminal to provide a mirrored current, and an output phase in which it applies a difference current to a common output node. The difference current is a difference between the mirrored current and a second current level indicative of a level of a second input terminal. The first and second dynamically switched current mirrors operate out of phase with respect to each other during respective periods of each cycle of a clock signal. The output circuit develops first and second output signals on first and second output terminals at first and second polarities, respectively, based on a level of the common output node.
摘要翻译：具有自动失调电压归零的全差分放大器，包括第一和第二动态切换电流镜和输出电路。每个动态切换电流镜在其自动调零阶段之间切换操作，其中其反映指示第一输入端的电平的第一电流电平以提供镜像电流，以及输出相位，其中将差电流施加到公共输出节点。差分电流是表示第二输入端子的电平的镜像电流和第二电流电平之间的差。在时钟信号的每个周期的相应周期期间，第一和第二动态切换电流镜相对于彼此工作异相。输出电路基于公共输出节点的电平分别在第一和第二极性的第一和第二输出端子上产生第一和第二输出信号。

9. 发明授权

US5498984A High side, current sense amplifier using a symmetric amplifier 失效
标题翻译：高边电流检测放大器采用对称放大器
公开(公告)号：US5498984A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US316125
申请日：1994-09-30
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： G01R19/00 , G01R19/14 , G01R19/32 , H03F3/30 , H03F3/343 , H03K5/24 , H03K19/20
CPC分类号： G01R19/0092 , H03F3/3066 , H03K5/24
摘要： A self-contained, bi-polar high-side current sense amplifier which detects the magnitude and polarity of current flowing from one device to another, is disclosed. The amplifier has a symmetric architecture having two inputs and two outputs. One output is active for positive input signals corresponding to current flow in one direction, and the other output is active for negative input signals corresponding to current flow in an opposite direction. A symmetric current mirror in the amplifier provides the OR'ing function required to provide only one output at a time. The amplifier also utilizes aluminum sense and gain resistors, which allows cancellation of resistor temperature coefficients.
摘要翻译：公开了一种独立的双极高侧电流检测放大器，其检测从一个器件流向另一个器件的电流的大小和极性。放大器具有对称架构，具有两个输入和两个输出。一个输出对于与一个方向的电流相对应的正输入信号有效，另一个输出对于相反方向的电流流动的负输入信号有效。放大器中的对称电流镜提供了一次只提供一个输出所需的OR'ing功能。放大器还使用铝感测和增益电阻，可以消除电阻温度系数。

10. 再颁专利

USRE38140E1 Dual interleaved DC to DC switching circuits realized in an integrated circuit 有权
标题翻译：在集成电路中实现的双交错DC到DC开关电路
公开(公告)号：USRE38140E1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-10
申请号：US09781120
申请日：2001-02-08
申请人： Gregory L. Schaffer
发明人： Gregory L. Schaffer
IPC分类号： H02M700
CPC分类号： H02M3/1584
摘要： Dual interleaved DC to DC switching circuits realizable in an integrated circuit form, capable of monitoring individual inductor current using only one current sense resistor and providing automatic duty cycle adjustment to keep the inductor currents in the interleaved DC to DC switching circuits balanced. The preferred embodiment includes a gain error amplifier, an integral error amplifier, and a differentiator error amplifier and circuits for controlling the nominal duty cycle, with the gain error amplifier, integral error amplifier and differentiator error amplifier being adjustable independently by external components. The circuit further includes a high speed load regulation circuit that momentarily overrides the control circuitry to take over control of the interleaved converters during sudden load changes, such control also being programmable. The circuit further includes a load variation circuit to target the output voltage of the circuit to an optimal value with load to better keep the output voltage within a targeted range in the event of major step changes in the load. The disclosed embodiment is for two interleaved buck converters, though the principles of the invention are applicable to interleaved step up converters and the interleaving of more than two converters.
摘要翻译：可以以集成电路形式实现的双交错DC至DC开关电路，能够使用仅一个电流检测电阻监视单独的电感电流，并提供自动占空比调整，以保持交错DC至DC开关电路平衡的电感电流。优选实施例包括增益误差放大器，积分误差放大器和微分误差放大器以及用于控制标称占空比的电路，增益误差放大器，积分误差放大器和微分误差放大器可由外部组件独立调节。该电路还包括高速负载调节电路，该电路在突然的负载变化期间瞬时地覆盖控制电路以接管交错转换器的控制，这种控制也是可编程的。该电路还包括一个负载变化电路，用于将电路的输出电压目标为具有负载的最佳值，以便在负载的主要阶跃变化的情况下更好地将输出电压保持在目标范围内。所公开的实施例用于两个交错降压转换器，尽管本发明的原理可应用于交错式升压转换器和多于两个转换器的交错。

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