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1. 发明授权

US5170123A Magnetic resonance imager with digital transmitter/receiver 失效
标题翻译：带数字发射器/接收器的磁共振成像器
公开(公告)号：US5170123A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-08
申请号：US392649
申请日：1989-08-11
申请人： G. Neil Holland , Douglas M. Blakeley , John R. Stauber , David C. Flugan , Kenneth S. Denison
发明人： G. Neil Holland , Douglas M. Blakeley , John R. Stauber , David C. Flugan , Kenneth S. Denison
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/48
CPC分类号： G01R33/3607
摘要： A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes one or more digital transmitters (B), one or more digital receivers (C), and digital data processing circuitry (D) which are all clocked and controlled by a single clock (F). Each digital transmitter includes a numerically controlled modulated oscillator (20) which processes digital phase and frequency signals to produce an output which addresses a wave-form map stored in a PROM (22). Each wave-form output of the PROM is multiplied (24) by a digital amplitude profile signal to generate a phase, frequency, and amplitude modulated digital RF signals. A clock gate (30) controls clocking of the digital modulation to create RF pulses. A digital-to-analog converter (28) converts the digital information to an analog RF pulse which is applied to a subject in an image region. The receivers each include an analog-to-digital converter (60) which digitizes the magnetic resonance signal emanating from the subject in the image region with four fold oversampling. A pair of FIR filters (62a, 62b) multiply the digital resonance signal by digital sine and cosine filter coefficients to create in-phase and out-of-phase digital magnetic resonance signal components. After additional digital filtering (64a, 64b), the digital in-phase and quadrature components are Fourier transformed (70) and accumulated in an image memory (72) to form an image representation.

2. 发明授权

US5124649A Magnetic resonance imaging with selective phase encoding averaging 失效
标题翻译：磁共振成像与选择性相位编码平均
公开(公告)号：US5124649A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US56817
申请日：1987-06-02
申请人： Kenneth S. Denison , G. Neil Holland
发明人： Kenneth S. Denison , G. Neil Holland
IPC分类号： G01R33/56 , G01R33/561 , G01R33/567
CPC分类号： G01R33/56509 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/5619
摘要： A gradient magnetic field control (20) and a transmitter (30) are operated under the control of a timing and control computer (40) to generate magnetic resonance excitation pulse sequences. Each sequence provides phase encoding with one of a plurality of phase angles to the resultant resonance signals. A receiver (34) receives the phase encoded magnetic resonance signals which are digitized by an analog to digital converter (50) to form a plurality of views which are stored in a view memory (52). A larger plurality of views are generated adjacent a central or zero phase angle, e.g. views -63 to +64 of FIG. 2, and only one or a smaller plurality of views are generated adjacent peripheral phase angles, e.g. views -127 to -64 and +65 to +128 of FIG. 2. The slower, low frequency motion artifacts, such as respiratory motion artifacts, manifest themselves in the low frequency phase encoded views adjacent the zero phase encode angle. Averaging a plurality of views encoded adjacent the zero phase angle attenuates low frequency motion artifacts. The high frequency views adjacent the .+-.90.degree. phase angles contribute little or nothing to the low frequency motion artifacts. Accordingly, the high frequency views are either uniquely collected or a smaller number are averaged.
摘要翻译：梯度磁场控制（20）和发射器（30）在定时和控制计算机（40）的控制下操作以产生磁共振激励脉冲序列。每个序列提供相对于所得到的共振信号的多个相位角之一的相位编码。接收器（34）接收由模拟数字转换器（50）数字化的相位编码的磁共振信号，以形成存储在视图存储器（52）中的多个视图。在中心或零相位角附近产生较大的多个视图，例如，视图-63至+64。如图2所示，并且仅邻近外围相位角产生仅一个或更小的多个视图。视图-127到-64和+65到+128的图。较慢的低频运动假象，例如呼吸运动伪像，表现在与零相位编码角相邻的低频相位编码视图。将邻近零相位角编码的多个视图平均衰减低频运动伪像。与+/- 90°相位角相邻的高频视图对低频运动伪像贡献很小或没有。因此，高频视图被唯一地收集或者较小的数目被平均。

3. 发明授权

US5007425A Patient and coil support structure for magnetic resonance imagers 失效
标题翻译：用于磁共振成像器的患者和线圈支撑结构
公开(公告)号：US5007425A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US234313
申请日：1988-08-19
申请人： Denis W. Vanek , G. Neil Holland
发明人： Denis W. Vanek , G. Neil Holland
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/34
CPC分类号： G01R33/34007 , A61B5/0555 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/341
摘要： A support stand (B) adjustably supports either (i) a localized coil assembly or (ii) a portion of a patient within an image region of a magnetic resonance imager (A). A vertical member (42) extends upward from a base (40). A follower (44) is selectively positionable along the vertical member. In one embodiment, a universal joint (48) adjustably mounts a bracket (50) to the follower (FIG. 2). In another embodiment, the follower includes an arm (70) which receives a mounting pin (72) of the supported device. The supported device may be a surface coil (22) or an orthopedic appliance such as a knee support (80) or limb support (90). Every part of the support stand and the supported orthopedic structure, including screws and fasteners are constructed of a material which is invisible in the magnetic resonance images generated by the imager and which is a dielectric to avoid patient shock from induced currents.
摘要翻译：支撑架（B）可调整地支撑（i）局部线圈组件或（ii）磁共振成像器（A）的图像区域内的患者的一部分。竖直构件（42）从基座（40）向上延伸。从动件（44）可沿垂直构件选择性定位。在一个实施例中，万向接头（48）可调节地将托架（50）安装到从动件（图2）。在另一个实施例中，从动件包括一个臂（70），该臂（70）容纳被支撑装置的安装销（72）。支撑的装置可以是表面线圈（22）或矫形器具，例如膝盖支撑件（80）或肢体支撑件（90）。支撑架的每一部分和支撑的矫形结构（包括螺钉和紧固件）由在成像器产生的磁共振图像中不可见的材料构成，并且是电介质，以避免患者从感应电流的冲击。

4. 发明授权

US4918388A Quadrature surface coils for magnetic resonance imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于磁共振成像的正交表面线圈
公开(公告)号：US4918388A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US234278
申请日：1988-08-19
申请人： Mehrdad Mehdizadeh , David A. Molyneaux , G. Neil Holland
发明人： Mehrdad Mehdizadeh , David A. Molyneaux , G. Neil Holland
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/32 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/36
CPC分类号： G01R33/3678 , G01R33/34046 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3628 , G01R33/34007
摘要： A thin dielectric sheet (36) has a first or loop coil (30) defined on one surface thereof and a second or Helmholtz coil (32) defined on an obverse surface thereof. The dielectric sheet and associated coils may be laid flat (FIG. 3) or bent to match a selected curved surface of the subject (FIGS. 6-8). The first and second coils are arranged symmetrically about an axis or plane of symmetry (34). The first coil has an associated magnetic field along a y-axis and the second coil has an associated magnetic field along the x-axis. Circuits (40 and (42) tune the first and second magnetic resonance coils to a preselected magnetic resonance frequency. Magnetic resonance signals of the selected frequency received by one of the coils are phase shifted 90.degree. by a phase shifting circuit (50) and combined with the unphase shifted signals from the other coil by a combining circuit (52). The combined signals are amplified (54) and conveyed to electronic image processing circuitry (E) of a magnetic resonance scanner.
摘要翻译：薄介电片（36）具有限定在其一个表面上的第一或环形线圈（30）和限定在其正面上的第二或亥姆霍兹线圈（32）。电介质片和相关联的线圈可以平放（图3）或弯曲以匹配被摄体的选定曲面（图6-8）。第一和第二线圈围绕对称轴（34）对称地布置。第一线圈具有沿着y轴的相关磁场，而第二线圈具有沿x轴的相关磁场。电路（40和（42）将第一和第二磁共振线圈调谐到预选的磁共振频率，由一个线圈接收的所选频率的磁共振信号由相移电路（50）相移90°并组合通过组合电路（52）将来自另一个线圈的相位移动信号放大（54）并传送到磁共振扫描器的电子图像处理电路（E）。

5. 发明授权

US4833407A Scan time reduction using conjugate symmetry and recalled echo 失效
标题翻译：使用共轭对称和召回回波进行扫描时间减少
公开(公告)号：US4833407A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-23
申请号：US124040
申请日：1987-11-23
申请人： G. Neil Holland , Terrence J. Provost , Gordon D. DeMeester , Kenneth S. Denison
发明人： G. Neil Holland , Terrence J. Provost , Gordon D. DeMeester , Kenneth S. Denison
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/44 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/50 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/561
CPC分类号： G01R33/56 , G01R33/561 , G01R33/5602
摘要： A spin echo (52) and a gradient echo (60) are generated in each magnetic resonance sequence repetition. The spin echo is phase encoded by a phase encode gradient (44) in regular steps spanning about a quarter of k-space. More particularly, steps from -n to G.sub.max /2, where n is a small integer and G.sub.max is the maximum phase encode gradient. An off-set phase encode gradient (58) shifts the phase encoding of the gradient echo by G.sub.max /2 relative to the first phase encoding gradient. Data to fill the empty portions of k-space (142, 167) between -n and -G.sub.max are generated from the complex conjugate (140, 160), of the first echo data (74) and the second echo data (76). The first and second echo data and the complex conjugate data are transformed (122, 132, 146, 166) to generate parted image representations (124, 134, 148, 168). The first echo image representation and the corresponding conjugately symmetric image representation are phase corrected (126, 150) in accordance with a phase map ( 112) derived from the central most first echo data (78). The partial image representations are summed (170) to produce a resultant image representation (172).
摘要翻译：在每个磁共振序列重复中产生自旋回波（52）和梯度回波（60）。自旋回波由相位编码梯度（44）进行相位编码，其规则步长约为四分之一的k空间。更具体地，从-n到Gmax / 2的步骤，其中n是小整数，Gmax是最大相位编码梯度。偏移相位编码梯度（58）相对于第一相位编码梯度将梯度回波的相位编码移位Gmax / 2。从第一回波数据（74）和第二回波数据（76）的复共轭（140,160）生成-n和-Gmax之间的填充k空间（142,167）的空部分的数据。第一和第二回波数据和复共轭数据被变换（122,132,146,166）以产生分离的图像表示（124,134,148,168）。根据从中央最初回波数据（78）得到的相位图（112），第一回波图像表示和对应的共同对称图像表示被相位校正（126,150）。将部分图像表示相加（170）以产生所得到的图像表示（172）。

6. 发明授权

US4797617A Nuclear magnetic resonance radio frequency antenna 失效
标题翻译：核磁共振射频天线
公开(公告)号：US4797617A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-10
申请号：US933152
申请日：1986-11-21
申请人： George J. Misic , Aarne Lillo , John L. Patrick , G. Neil Holland
发明人： George J. Misic , Aarne Lillo , John L. Patrick , G. Neil Holland
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/34046 , G01R33/34007 , G01R33/3628 , G01R33/3657
摘要： A nuclear magnetic resonance radio frequency coil. The disclosed coil provides high frequency resonance signals for perturbing a magnetic field within the coil. The coil is impedance matched and tuned with adjustable capacitors. A balanced configuration is achieved with a co-axial cable chosen to phase shift an energization signal coupled to the coil. The preferred coil is a thin metallic foil having a shorting conductor, four wing conductors, and uniquely shaped parallel cross conductors connecting the shorting and wing conductors. When mounted to an rf transmissive plastic substrate and energized the coil produces a homogenous field within a region of interest the size of a patient head. A semicircular balanced feedbar arrangement is used to minimize undesired field contributions.
摘要翻译：核磁共振射频线圈。所公开的线圈提供用于扰乱线圈内的磁场的高频谐振信号。线圈阻抗匹配并用可调电容器调谐。使用同轴电缆实现平衡配置，以使相耦合到线圈的通电信号相移。优选的线圈是具有短路导体，四个机翼导体和连接短路和翼导体的独特成形的平行十字导体的薄金属箔。当安装到rf透射塑料基板并通电时，线圈在患者头部的尺寸的感兴趣区域内产生均匀的场。使用半圆平衡馈线布置来最小化不期望的场贡献。

7. 发明授权

US4748411A Phase encoding technique for more rapid magnetic resonance imaging 失效
标题翻译：相位编码技术用于更快速的磁共振成像
公开(公告)号：US4748411A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-31
申请号：US16544
申请日：1987-02-19
申请人： G. Neil Holland
发明人： G. Neil Holland
IPC分类号： G01R33/32 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/56 , G01R33/54
摘要： Each view of a magnetic resonance image is phase encoded with one of a plurality of phase encode gradients which vary from each other by a multiple of a phase encode gradient interval or step. For a given field of view, the resolution is determined by the upper and lower limit phase encode gradient angles. The larger the limit angle, the finer the resolution. When the imaged subject is shorter in dimension along the phase encode axis than the dimension of the field of view of the image along the phase encode axis, a portion of dead space other than the subject is imaged. To shorten the imaging time, the number of views is reduced in accordance with the ratio of the object dimension to the field of view. The size of the phase encode gradient steps or intervals are increased by the same ratio such that a reduced number of views spans the same upper and lower phase encode gradient angle limits. This stretches the resultant image. When a generated image representation in an image memory is displayed, an inverse zoom reduces the dimension of the resultant display by the inverse of the ratio such that the man readable display is returned to the proper scale. Along a frequency encode axis which is transverse to the phase encode axis, a bandwidth of frequencies corresponding to extremes of a projection of the subject are determined. Received resonance signals are filtered to remove frequency components which are outside of the determined bandwidth.

8. 发明授权

US5209233A Temperature sensing and control system for cardiac monitoring electrodes 失效
标题翻译：心脏监测电极温度感应和控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5209233A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US653628
申请日：1991-02-11
申请人： G. Neil Holland , Douglas M. Blakeley , Theodore J. Reisker , David A. Molyneaux
发明人： G. Neil Holland , Douglas M. Blakeley , Theodore J. Reisker , David A. Molyneaux
IPC分类号： A61B5/0456 , A61B5/055 , A61B5/113 , A61B6/00 , G01N33/00 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/56 , G01R33/567
CPC分类号： G01R33/5673 , A61B5/0456 , A61B5/055 , A61B5/1135 , A61B5/411 , G01R33/28 , A61B5/7285 , A61B6/541 , Y10S128/901
摘要： A cardiac electrode (40) has a plug (48) which is frictionally received in a socket (50) of an electrical lead (56). An impedance (54) is connected in series between the electrical lead and the socket to pass ECG signals substantially unattenuated and for blocking radio frequency signals induced in the lead from reaching the socket and the electrode and heating the electrode to a sufficient temperature to burn the patient. The impedance includes an LC circuit (66, 68) which freely passes low frequency signals, such as cardiac signals, but which is tuned to resonance at radio frequencies, particularly at the frequency of resonance excitation and manipulation pulses of a magnetic resonance imager (A). Alternately, the impedance may include a resistive element for blocking the induced currents. A temperature sensor (60) is mounted in intimate contact with an electrically and thermally conductive socket portion (52) to sense the temperature of the electrode, indirectly. A temperature sensor lead (62), the cardiac lead (56), and a respiratory or other anatomical condition sensor are connected with a multiplexing means (140) which cyclically connects the output signals thereof with an analog to digital converter (142). The digital signals are converted to digital optical signals (102) to be conveyed along a light path (104) out of the examination region. The bits of the received digital signal are sorted (144) between an R-wave detector (120), a temperature limit check (122) which checks whether the temperature of the electrode exceeds preselected limits, and a respiratory detector (132).
摘要翻译：心电极（40）具有摩擦地容纳在电引线（56）的插座（50）中的插头（48）。阻抗（54）串联连接在电引线和插座之间以使ECG信号基本上不衰减，并阻止在引线中感应的射频信号到达插座和电极，并将电极加热到足够的温度以烧毁患者。该阻抗包括一个LC电路（66,68），它可以自由地通过诸如心脏信号的低频信号，但被调谐到无线电频率的共振，特别是在磁共振成像器（A）的共振激励和操纵脉冲的频率）。或者，阻抗可以包括用于阻挡感应电流的电阻元件。温度传感器（60）安装成与导电和导热插座部分（52）紧密接触以间接地感测电极的温度。温度传感器引线（62），心脏引线（56）以及呼吸或其他解剖条件传感器与将其输出信号与模数转换器（142）循环连接的多路复用装置（140）连接。数字信号被转换成数字光信号（102），沿着光路（104）输送出检查区域。所接收的数字信号的比特在R波检测器（120），检查电极的温度是否超过预定极限的温度极限检查（122）和呼吸检测器（132）之间进行排序（144）。

9. 发明授权

US4920318A Surface coil system for magnetic resonance imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于磁共振成像的表面线圈系统
公开(公告)号：US4920318A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US252819
申请日：1988-10-03
申请人： George J. Misic , Gregory C. Hurst , G. Neil Holland , John L. Patrick, III , Paul T. Orlando
发明人： George J. Misic , Gregory C. Hurst , G. Neil Holland , John L. Patrick, III , Paul T. Orlando
IPC分类号： G01R33/34 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/36
CPC分类号： G01R33/3628 , G01R33/34046 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/34007 , G01R33/34084 , G01R33/3657
摘要： A resonance exciting coil (C) excites magnetic resonance in nuclei disposed in an image region in which a main magnetic field and transverse gradients have been produced. A flexible receiving coil (D) includes a flexible plastic sheet (40) on which one or more loops (20) are adhered to receive signals from the resonating nuclei. Velcro straps (46) strap the flexible sheet and the attached coil into close conformity with the surface of the portion of the patient to be imaged. An impedance matching or coil resonant frequency adjusting network (50) is mounted on the flexible sheet for selectively adjusting at least one of an impedance match and the peak sensitivity resonant frequency of the receiving coil. A preamplifier (52) amplifies the received signals prior to transmission on a cable (24). A selectively variable voltage source (70) applies a selectively adjustable DC bias voltage to the cable for selectively adjusting at least one of the impedance match and the LC resonant frequency of the receiving coil. The received signals are amplified by an amplifier (82) and processed by an image processor (30) to form man-readable images of the examined region of the patient for display on a video display (32) or the like.
摘要翻译：共振励磁线圈（C）在设置在已经产生主磁场和横向梯度的图像区域中的核中激发磁共振。柔性接收线圈（D）包括柔性塑料片（40），一个或多个环（20）粘附在柔性塑料片上以接收来自谐振核的信号。魔术贴带（46）将柔性片材和附接的线圈绑定成与待成像的患者部分的表面紧密一致。阻抗匹配或线圈共振频率调整网络（50）安装在柔性片上，用于选择性地调节接收线圈的阻抗匹配和峰值灵敏度谐振频率中的至少一个。前置放大器（52）在电缆（24）上传输之前放大所接收的信号。选择性可变电压源（70）向电缆施加选择性可调节的直流偏置电压，用于选择性地调节接收线圈的阻抗匹配和LC谐振频率中的至少一个。所接收的信号由放大器（82）放大并由图像处理器（30）处理，以形成用于在视频显示器（32）等上显示的被检查区域的人可读图像。

10. 发明授权

US4851779A Three dimensional volume imaging with conjugate symmetrization 失效
标题翻译：具有共轭对称性的三维体积成像
公开(公告)号：US4851779A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US157972
申请日：1988-02-18
申请人： Gordon D. DeMeester , G. Neil Holland , Francis H. Bearden
发明人： Gordon D. DeMeester , G. Neil Holland , Francis H. Bearden
IPC分类号： G01R33/54 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/44 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/561 , G01R33/565
CPC分类号： G01R33/56545 , G01R33/561
摘要： An incomplete set of three dimensional magnetic resonance data is collected and stored in acquired data memory (40). The incomplete data set is complete with respect to first and second directions and incomplete with respect to a third direction. However, the acquired data set has data along the third direction between .+-.n central values and half the remaining values. One dimensional inverse Fourier transforms (64, 66) are performed with respect to the first and second directions to create an intermediate data set (68). A phase correction array or plurality of phase correction vectors p(r) are generated from the intermediate data and stored in a phase correction memory (82). A symmetric data set (100) is created as the complex conjugate of the intermediate data set. The intermediate and symmetric data sets are one dimensionally inverse Fourier transformed (96, 104) with respect to the third direction one vector at a time to produce vectors of first and second complex image arrays (f.sub.A, f.sub.S) corrected (96, 108) with the corresponding phase correction vector, and combined (110) into a line of a resultant three dimensional image representation (112).
摘要翻译：收集不完整的一组三维磁共振数据并将其存储在所获取的数据存储器（40）中。不完整的数据集相对于第一和第二方向是完整的，并且相对于第三方向是不完整的。然而，所获取的数据集具有+/- n个中心值和剩余值的一半之间沿着第三方向的数据。相对于第一和第二方向执行一维傅里叶逆变换（64,66）以创建中间数据集（68）。相位校正阵列或多个相位校正矢量p（r）从中间数据生成并存储在相位校正存储器（82）中。创建对称数据集（100）作为中间数据集的复共轭。中间对称数据集和对称数据集一次相对于第三方向一维逆变换（96,104），一次产生一个矢量，以产生校正的第一和第二复数图像阵列（f，f）的向量（96,108）相应的相位校正矢量，并将其组合（110）到所得到的三维图像表示（112）的一行中。

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