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1. 发明授权

US06189089B1 Apparatus and method for retiring instructions in excess of the number of accessible write ports 有权
标题翻译：退出指令超过可访问写入端口数量的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06189089B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09227505
申请日：1999-01-06
申请人： Wade A. Walker , D. T. Matheny
发明人： Wade A. Walker , D. T. Matheny
IPC分类号： G06F940
CPC分类号： G06F9/30141 , G06F9/3834 , G06F9/3836 , G06F9/3838 , G06F9/384 , G06F9/3855 , G06F9/3857 , G06F9/3867
摘要： A superscalar microprocessor includes a reorder buffer to correctly handle dependency checking and multiple updates to the same destination. The reorder buffer stores instructions in program order, and retires instructions that have executed and the results obtained. When a instruction is retired, the results of the instruction are stored and the memory space in the reorder buffer is deallocated. The results of the retired instructions are stored to a register file via a retire bus. If the results of two or more retired instructions output to the same register in the register file, then only the newest instruction, the later instruction in the original program sequence, is stored to the program register. The register file has a plurality of write ports for the transfer of data via the retire bus. If two retired instructions output to the same register, then a write port is not utilized. The retire window is the number of instructions monitored for retirement. The present invention advantageously increases the size of the retire window. Accordingly, if two or more retired instructions output to the same register, an additional instruction from the retire window can be retired. The additional instruction utilizes the write port not used by the older of the instructions that output to the same register. Thereby, the reorder buffer is emptied at a faster rate and causes less instruction dispatch stalls.
摘要翻译：超标量微处理器包括一个重新排序缓冲器，用于正确地处理相关性检查和对同一目的地的多次更新。重排序缓冲器以程序顺序存储指令，并且退出执行的指令和获得的结果。当指令退出时，存储指令的结果，重新排序缓冲区中的存储空间被释放。退休指令的结果通过退出总线存储到寄存器文件中。如果两个或多个退出指令的结果输出到寄存器文件中的同一个寄存器，则只有最新的指令（原始程序序列中的后续指令）被存储到程序寄存器中。寄存器文件具有用于经由退出总线传送数据的多个写入端口。如果两个退出的指令输出到同一个寄存器，则不会使用写入端口。退休窗口是监控退休指示的次数。本发明有利地增加退休窗口的尺寸。因此，如果两个或多个退出的指令输出到同一个寄存器，退出窗口的附加指令可以退出。附加指令使用未被输出到同一寄存器的较旧的指令使用的写入端口。因此，重新排序缓冲器以更快的速率清空，并且导致较少的指令分派失速。

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