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1. 发明授权

US5521387A Radiation detector employing solid-state scintillator material and preparation methods therefor 失效
标题翻译：采用固态闪烁体材料的辐射探测器及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5521387A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-28
申请号：US649332
申请日：1991-02-01
申请人： Robert J. Riedner , Robert J. Lyons , Dominic A. Cusano , Charles D. Greskovich
发明人： Robert J. Riedner , Robert J. Lyons , Dominic A. Cusano , Charles D. Greskovich
IPC分类号： G01T1/20 , C04B35/50 , C04B35/505 , C04B35/645 , C09K11/00 , C09K11/77 , G01T1/164 , G01T1/202 , H01R13/52 , H04N7/04 , C09K11/78
CPC分类号： G01T1/202 , C04B35/50 , C04B35/505 , C04B35/6455 , C09K11/7769 , G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2023 , H04N7/04 , H01R13/5205
摘要： A polycrystalline ceramic scintillator exhibiting reduced afterglow includes between about 5 and 50 mole percent Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, between about 0.02 and 12 mole percent of either Eu.sub.2 O.sub.3 or Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3 as a rare earth activator oxide, and between about 0.003 and 0.5 mole percent of either Pr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Tb.sub.2 O.sub.3 as an afterglow reducer. The remainder of the scintillator composition is Y.sub.2 O.sub.3. The resulting scintillator is especially useful for a radiation detector of the type having a plurality of radiation receiving channels. A scintillator body is disposed in each channel so that radiation being received therein is incident on the scintillator body and causes the body to convert the incident radiation to light energy of a predetermined wavelength. The radiation detector also includes means for converting the light energy from the scintillator into electrical signals which are proportional to the amount of radiation incident on the scintillator body. Methods for preparing the scintillator of the present invention include sintering, sintering combined with gas hot isostatic pressing, and vacuum hot pressing.
摘要翻译：显示减少的余辉的多晶陶瓷闪烁体包括约5至50摩尔％的Gd 2 O 3，约0.02至12摩尔％的作为稀土活化剂氧化物的Eu 2 O 3或Nd 2 O 3和约0.003至0.5摩尔％的Pr 2 O 3和Tb 2 O 3作为余辉减速机。闪烁体组合物的其余部分是Y 2 O 3。所得到的闪烁体对于具有多个辐射接收通道的类型的辐射检测器特别有用。在每个通道中设置闪烁体，使得其中接收的辐射入射到闪烁器体上，并且使得主体将入射的辐射转换成预定波长的光能。辐射检测器还包括用于将来自闪烁体的光能转换成与入射到闪烁体上的辐射量成比例的电信号的装置。制备本发明的闪烁体的方法包括烧结，烧结结合气体热等静压和真空热压。

2. 发明授权

US5391876A Hole-trap-compensated scintillator material and computed tomography machine containing the same 失效
标题翻译：空穴阱补偿闪烁体材料和含有它的计算机断层摄影机
公开(公告)号：US5391876A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-21
申请号：US250725
申请日：1994-05-27
申请人： Veneta G. Tsoukala , Charles D. Greskovich
发明人： Veneta G. Tsoukala , Charles D. Greskovich
IPC分类号： A61K49/04 , C09K11/00 , C09K11/77 , C09K11/80 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/202 , G01T1/29
CPC分类号： C09K11/7776 , C09K11/7701 , C09K11/7716 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/2023 , G01T1/2985
摘要： Afterglow in a luminescent material in which a significant factor in afterglow is the release of holes from hole traps in the scintillator material is substantially reduced by adding cerium as a hole-trapping species to the scintillator composition which successfully competes with the hole traps in the basic scintillator composition. In gadolinium gallium garnet activated with chromium, the addition of cerium in the range of 0.2 to 0.255 weight percent reduces afterglow in this manner while exhibiting excellent stability to x-ray damage after exposure to an initial pair of x-ray pulses.
摘要翻译：在余辉中的重要因素是从闪烁体材料中的孔陷阱中释放空穴的发光材料中的余辉通过将铈作为空穴俘获物质添加到闪烁体组合物中而显着减少，该闪烁体组合物成功地与基本上的空穴捕获相竞争闪烁体组成。在用铬活化的钆镓石榴石中，以0.2-0.255重量％的范围添加铈以这种方式减少余辉，同时在暴露于初始的一对x射线脉冲之后对x射线损伤表现出优异的稳定性。

3. 发明授权

US4769353A Strontium-containing yttrium oxide ceramic body 失效
标题翻译：含锶氧化钇陶瓷体
公开(公告)号：US4769353A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US926934
申请日：1986-11-04
申请人： Charles D. Greskovich , Chester R. O'Clair
发明人： Charles D. Greskovich , Chester R. O'Clair
IPC分类号： C04B35/505 , C04B35/50
CPC分类号： C04B35/505
摘要： A polycrystalline body having a composition comprised of Y.sub.2-x Sr.sub.x O.sub.3-x/2 wherein x ranges from about 0.0015 to about 0.012.
摘要翻译：具有由Y2-xSrxO3-x / 2组成的组成的多晶体，其中x为约0.0015至约0.012。

4. 发明授权

US4518545A Method for sintering high density yttria-gadolinia ceramic scintillators 失效
标题翻译：烧结高密度氧化钇陶瓷闪烁体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4518545A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US389829
申请日：1982-06-18
申请人： Dominic A. Cusano , Charles D. Greskovich , Frank A. DiBianca
发明人： Dominic A. Cusano , Charles D. Greskovich , Frank A. DiBianca
IPC分类号： C04B35/505 , C04B35/645 , G01T1/202 , C04B35/50
CPC分类号： C04B35/6455 , C04B35/505 , C04B35/645 , C09K11/7787 , G01T1/2023 , Y10S264/91
摘要： A method for preparing high density yttria-gadolinia ceramic scintillators by cold-pressing multicomponent powder to form powder compacts and then sintering the compacts to form transparent-to-translucent ceramic scintillator bodies. The powder compacts are formed by either die pressing or die pressing followed by isostatic pressing to further increase green density. The powder compacts are sintered in vacuum or a reducing atmosphere at a temperatue of between 1800.degree. C. and 2100.degree. C. The preferred heating sequence includes a holding period at a temperature lower than the final sintering temperature. The finished scintillator includes Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, and one or more of Eu.sub.2 O.sub.3, Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3, Yb.sub.2 O.sub.3, Dy.sub.2 O.sub.3, Pr.sub.2 O.sub.3, and Tb.sub.2 O.sub.3 rare earth activator oxides. At least one of the oxides of elements Zr, Th, and Ta is included as a transparency promoting densifying agent. At least one of CaO and SrO may be included as a light output restorer.
摘要翻译：一种通过冷压多组分粉末制备高密度氧化钇 - 氧化钆陶瓷闪烁体的方法，以形成粉末压块，然后烧结压块以形成透明至半透明的陶瓷闪烁体。粉末压块通过模压或压模形成，然后进行等静压，以进一步提高生坯密度。粉末压块在真空或还原气氛中在1800〜2100℃的温度下烧结。优选的加热步骤包括在低于最终烧结温度的温度下的保持时间。完成的闪烁体包括Y2O3，Gd2O3和一种或多种Eu2O3，Nd2O3，Yb2O3，Dy2O3，Pr2O3和Tb2O3稀土活化剂氧化物。元素Zr，Th和Ta的氧化物中的至少一种被包括作为透明促进致密化剂。可以包括CaO和SrO中的至少一种作为光输出恢复器。

5. 发明授权

US4187266A Process for making a ceramic article having a dense integral outer barrier layer and a high degree of porosity and crushability characteristics 失效
标题翻译：制造陶瓷制品的方法，该陶瓷制品具有致密的整体外阻挡层和高孔隙率和粉碎性能
公开(公告)号：US4187266A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-05
申请号：US840021
申请日：1977-10-06
申请人： Charles D. Greskovich , Frederic J. Klug , Wayne D. Pasco
发明人： Charles D. Greskovich , Frederic J. Klug , Wayne D. Pasco
IPC分类号： B22C1/00 , B29H7/20
CPC分类号： B22C1/00
摘要： A method for simultaneously forming an integral barrier layer on selected external surfaces of a fired alumina-based compound ceramic article and for increasing the porosity and crushability characteristics thereof embodies the sintering of a ceramic compact comprising a reactant fugitive filler material and the alumina-based compound ceramic material in a controlled atmosphere.
摘要翻译：在烧结的氧化铝基复合陶瓷制品的选定的外表面上同时形成整体阻挡层并提高其孔隙率和压碎特性的方法体现了包含反应物短效填料和氧化铝基化合物的陶瓷压块的烧结陶瓷材料在受控的气氛中。

6. 发明授权

US4119475A Sintering of silicon nitride using Mg and Be additives 失效
标题翻译：使用Mg和Be添加剂对氮化硅进行烧结
公开(公告)号：US4119475A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-10
申请号：US849178
申请日：1977-11-07
申请人： Svante Prochazka , Charles D. Greskovich , Richard J. Charles , Robert A. Giddings
发明人： Svante Prochazka , Charles D. Greskovich , Richard J. Charles , Robert A. Giddings
IPC分类号： C04B35/584 , C04B35/593 , H01B3/12 , C04B35/58
CPC分类号： H01B3/12 , C04B35/593 , C04B35/5935
摘要： A particulate dispersion of silicon nitride, magnesium additive and beryllium additive is formed into a green body and sintered at a temperature ranging from about 1800.degree. C to about 2200.degree. C in a sintering atmosphere of nitrogen at superatmospheric pressure producing a sintered body with a density ranging from about 80% to about 100%.
摘要翻译：将氮化硅，镁添加剂和铍添加剂的颗粒分散体形成为生坯，并在大气压下在氮气的烧结气氛中在约1800℃至约2200℃的温度下烧结，产生具有密度的烧结体从约80％到约100％。

7. 发明授权

US4031945A Process for making ceramic molds having a metal oxide barrier for casting and directional solidification of superalloys 失效
标题翻译：具有用于铸造的金属氧化物屏障和超级合金的定向凝固的陶瓷模具的方法
公开(公告)号：US4031945A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US674548
申请日：1976-04-07
申请人： Michael F. X. Gigliotti, Jr. , Charles D. Greskovich
发明人： Michael F. X. Gigliotti, Jr. , Charles D. Greskovich
IPC分类号： B22D21/06
摘要： At least one element of a superalloy cast into a refractory oxide-silica investment mold is oxidized to form a metal oxide barrier layer at the mold-metal interface to permit directional solidification of the cast superalloy at elevated temperatures without metal-mold reaction.
摘要翻译：铸造成难熔氧化物 - 二氧化硅投资模具的超合金的至少一种元素被氧化以在模具 - 金属界面处形成金属氧化物阻挡层，以允许铸造超耐热合金在高温下的定向凝固而没有金属模具反应。

8. 发明授权

US4017319A Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 formed by nitridation of sintered silicon compact containing boron 失效
标题翻译： Si {hd 3 {b N {HD 4 {B通过氮化烧结硅压电体形成硼
公开(公告)号：US4017319A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-12
申请号：US646967
申请日：1976-01-06
申请人： Charles D. Greskovich , Svante Prochazka
发明人： Charles D. Greskovich , Svante Prochazka
IPC分类号： C04B35/591 , C04B35/70 , C04B35/58 , F27B9/10
CPC分类号： C04B35/591
摘要： A polycrystalline silicon nitride body is produced by shaping a particulate mixture of silicon powder and boron into a green body, sintering the body to a density ranging from 60% to 75% of the theoretical density of silicon, said sintered body having pores which are interconnecting and open to the surface of the body, and reacting said sintered body with gaseous nitrogen to convert it to silicon nitride.
摘要翻译：通过将硅粉末和硼的颗粒状混合物成形为生坯，将本体烧结至硅理论密度的60％至75％的密度来制造多晶氮化硅体，所述烧结体具有互连的孔并且向身体的表面开口，并使所述烧结体与气态氮反应以将其转化成氮化硅。

9. 发明授权

US3972367A Process for forming a barrier layer on ceramic molds suitable for use for high temperature eutectic superalloy casting 失效
标题翻译：在适用于高温共晶超级合金铸造的陶瓷模具上形成阻挡层的工艺
公开(公告)号：US3972367A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-03
申请号：US586049
申请日：1975-06-11
申请人： Michael F. X. Gigliotti, Jr. , Charles D. Greskovich
发明人： Michael F. X. Gigliotti, Jr. , Charles D. Greskovich
IPC分类号： B22C3/00 , B22D27/04 , C04B35/64 , C04B35/66 , B22C1/00 , B22C9/12
CPC分类号： C04B35/66 , B22C3/00 , B22D27/045 , C04B35/64
摘要： A method of forming a metal oxide barrier layer at the interface between a refractory oxide-silica investment mold and a contained metal superalloy includes the firing of the mold or the mold-metal system, in a controlled prevailing atmosphere having a predetermined amount of oxygen therein. The barrier layer enables directional solidification of the contained superalloy at elevated temperatures to occur without metal-mold reaction.
摘要翻译：在耐火氧化物 - 二氧化硅投资模具和所含金属超级合金之间的界面处形成金属氧化物阻挡层的方法包括在具有预定量的氧的受控主要气氛中对模具或金属 - 金属体系进行烧制。阻挡层能够在高温下定向固化所含的超耐热合金而不发生金属模铸反应。

10. 发明授权

US5484750A Transparent polycrystalline garnets 失效
标题翻译：透明多晶石榴石
公开(公告)号：US5484750A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US288660
申请日：1994-08-10
申请人： Charles D. Greskovich , William P. Minnear , Chester R. O'Clair , Erdogan O. Gurmen , Robert J. Riedner
发明人： Charles D. Greskovich , William P. Minnear , Chester R. O'Clair , Erdogan O. Gurmen , Robert J. Riedner
IPC分类号： C01G37/00 , C01G15/00 , C04B35/50 , C04B35/645 , C09K11/77 , G01T1/202 , C04B35/115 , C04B35/44
CPC分类号： C04B35/01 , C01G15/00 , C04B35/50 , C04B35/6455 , C09K11/7701 , C09K11/7708 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/3229 , C04B2235/3241 , C04B2235/3286 , C04B2235/449 , C04B2235/604 , C04B2235/608 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/6587 , C04B2235/661 , C04B2235/662 , C04B2235/762 , C04B2235/764 , C04B2235/77 , C04B2235/81 , C04B2235/9653
摘要： Transparent, polycrystalline garnet bodies having desirable properties for use as laser material, luminescent x-ray scintillator materials and other uses are produced by mixing a chloride source solution of the desired cations with a basic ammonium solution to produce a precipitate having a substantially uniform composition which can be further processed to provide the desired transparent body. This precipitate is separated from the solution, dried, thermally decomposed at a temperature in the range from 700.degree. to 1,000.degree. C., pressed to form a compact, isostatically pressed at up to 60,000 psi to provide a green, unsintered compact having a density in the vicinity of 55% of theoretic density. That green compact is then sintered in oxygen at a temperature between 1,400.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. to produce the desired transparent body. Alternatively, the compact may be sintered in oxygen at temperatures in the range from about 1,400.degree. to about 1,600.degree. C. to a closed pore stage and then hot isostatically pressed at high pressure to provide the desired transparent body.
摘要翻译：通过将所需阳离子的氯化物源溶液与碱性铵溶液混合以产生具有基本上均匀组成的沉淀物来制备具有用作激光材料，发光x射线闪烁体材料和其它用途的所需性质的透明多晶石榴石体，可以进一步处理以提供所需的透明体。将该沉淀物从溶液中分离出来，干燥，在700℃至1000℃的温度下热分解，压制以在高达60,000psi下均压成型，以提供具有密度的绿色未烧结压块在理论密度的55％附近。然后将该压坯在氧气中在1400至1700℃的温度下烧结以产生所需的透明体。或者，压块可以在氧气中在约1400至约1600℃的温度下烧结到闭孔阶段，然后在高压下热等静压以提供所需的透明体。

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