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    • 3. 发明授权
    • High dispersion carbon dioxide snow apparatus
    • 高分散二氧化碳积雪机
    • US5775127A
    • 1998-07-07
    • US862979
    • 1997-05-23
    • Richard R. Zito
    • Richard R. Zito
    • C01B32/55F25J1/00
    • C01B31/22
    • An apparatus capable of producing carbon dioxide snowflakes for the purpose of cleaning optics and other delicate surfaces. Carbon dioxide tanks (10) send liquid carbon dioxide to nozzles (110) where the liquid is throttled into a mixture of carbon dioxide snowflakes and gas. The snowflakes grow as they move through drift tubes (120) and develop a soft, fluffy, structure capable of wiping a delicate optical surface clean without causing scratching. The flow of snowflakes and gas are scattered by a turbine head (152) which turns by means of a jet of nitrogen gas emerging from a tube (240). Both the nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide flows can be controlled by a nitrogen flow pneumatic valve (212) and a carbon dioxide flow pneumatic valve (42) respectively. Both of these pneumatic valves can ultimately be controlled by a computer (530).
    • 一种能够生产二氧化碳雪花以清洁光学元件和其他微细表面的装置。 二氧化碳罐(10)将液体二氧化碳送到喷嘴(110),液体被节流成二氧化碳雪花和气体的混合物。 雪花通过漂移管(120)生长,并形成一种柔软,蓬松的结构,能够在不引起划痕的情况下擦拭微妙的光学表面。 雪花和气体的流动由涡轮机头(152)散射,涡轮机头(152)通过从管(240)喷出的氮气流转动。 氮气和二氧化碳流都可以分别由氮气气动阀(212)和二氧化碳气动气门(42)控制。 这些气动阀都可以最终由计算机控制(530)。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method of transmitting an ionizing radiation
    • 发射电离辐射的方法
    • US4921327A
    • 1990-05-01
    • US356115
    • 1989-05-24
    • Richard R. Zito
    • Richard R. Zito
    • G02B6/032G21K1/06
    • G02B6/032G21K1/06G21K2201/067G21K2201/068
    • A thin, flexible, hollow fiber capable of transmitting ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation enters the fiber through entrance pupil (10) and travels through the hollow interior of fiber body (20) by reflecting and scattering off the inner wall of the fiber, frequently at grazing incidence angles. Fiber body (20) is covered at one end by thin film cap (30) which is thin enough to be at least semitransparent to ionizing radiation, but which is also strong enough to allow air to be withdrawn from fiber body (20) at the opposite uncapped end. Small obstructions (32) at the exit end of the fiber can be used to spread the beam of ionizing radiation to a desirable width. A flexible fiber capable of transmitting ionizing radiation has important applications in medicine for the radiation therapy of tumors. Applications also exist in communications and other fields.
    • 一种能够传输电离辐射的薄而灵活的中空纤维。 电离辐射通过入射光瞳(10)进入光纤,通过反射和散射光纤的内壁,经常在掠入射角度下行进穿过纤维体(20)的中空内部。 纤维体(20)在一端被薄膜盖(30)覆盖,薄膜帽(30)足够薄至至少与电离辐射半透明,但是也足够强,以允许空气从纤维体(20)中取出, 对面无边。 纤维出口处的小障碍物(32)可以用于将电离辐射束扩展到期望的宽度。 能够传输电离辐射的柔性纤维在肿瘤放射治疗的医学中具有重要的应用。 应用也存在于通信等领域。