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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Signal lamps and apparatus
    • 信号灯和设备
    • US06956494B2
    • 2005-10-18
    • US10316612
    • 2002-12-10
    • Frank George TichborneColin Burton
    • Frank George TichborneColin Burton
    • B61L5/18H05B33/08H05B37/04G08B5/22
    • H05B33/0806B61L5/1881B61L2207/02H05B33/0887H05B33/0893H05B37/04
    • An LED signal lamp comprises at least two separate LED arrays which have separate power feeds and wherein the LEDs of the arrays are positioned with respect to each other such that when lit they provide a composite light signal output and such that when the LEDs of only one of the two arrays are lit they provide a light signal with a visible distinctive pattern. A distinctive pattern is revealed, either lit or dark. Typically this pattern may be formed as a letter such as “X” or “F” or may be formed as a striped effect, for example.An LED signal apparatus comprises input signal power supply terminals 7,8 for the apparatus; a series connection of switch means S1 to S4 and a ballast load 6 connected across the supply terminals 7,8; an LED signal lamp 1,2 connected to the terminals to be supplied with current therefrom; and switch operating means D1 to D4, in the supply path to the LED lamp, for controlling the state of the switch means S1 to S4 in the series connection, whereby total failure or substantially total failure of the current to the LED signal lamp results in said switch operating means D1 to D4 causing said switch means to open to disconnect the ballast load 6 from power from the supply terminals 7,8.
    • LED信号灯包括至少两个独立的LED阵列,其具有单独的功率馈送,并且其中阵列的LED相对于彼此定位,使得当点亮时,它们提供复合光信号输出,使得当仅一个LED 两个阵列被点亮,它们提供具有可见特征图案的光信号。 一个独特的模式被揭示,无论是点燃还是黑暗。 通常,该图案可以形成为诸如“X”或“F”的字母,或者可以形成为例如条纹效果。 LED信号装置包括用于装置的输入信号电源端子7,8; 开关装置S 1至S 4的串联连接和连接在供电端子7,8上的镇流器负载6; 连接到要从其提供电流的端子的LED信号灯1,2; 以及在LED灯的供给路径中的开关操作装置D 1至D 4,用于控制串联连接中的开关装置S1至S4的状态,由此导致LED的电流的完全故障或基本上全部故障 信号灯导致所述开关操作装置D 1至D 4导致所述开关装置打开以将镇流器负载6与供电端子7,8的电力断开。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Semiconductor switching devices
    • 半导体开关器件
    • US5550392A
    • 1996-08-27
    • US321147
    • 1994-10-11
    • Michael Evans
    • Michael Evans
    • H01L21/223H01L29/10H01L29/74H01L29/744
    • H01L29/74H01L29/102
    • A process for manufacturing a semiconductor switching device (such as a thyristor device) comprises: etching a face of a semiconductor body to provide islands and channels which define a mesa-contoured surface; diffusing dopant of a first conductivity type through said surface so that the lines of equal concentration of the dopant in said body follow substantially the mesa-contoured surface; and diffusing dopant of a second conductivity type into said islands to form p-n junctions with said dopant of a first conductivity type. The diffusion of said dopant of a first conductivity type is followed by an out-diffusion step so that the dopant concentration of said dopant of a first conductivity type is at a maximum at a depth below said surface.
    • 半导体开关器件(例如晶闸管器件)的制造方法包括:蚀刻半导体本体的表面以提供限定台面形状表面的岛和沟道; 通过所述表面扩散第一导电类型的掺杂剂,使得所述主体中的掺杂剂的相等浓度的线基本上跟随台面轮廓的表面; 以及将第二导电类型的掺杂剂扩散到所述岛中以与所述第一导电类型的掺杂剂形成p-n结。 第一导电类型的所述掺杂剂的扩散之后是外扩散步骤,使得第一导电类型的所述掺杂剂的掺杂剂浓度在所述表面下方的深度处最大。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Train detection
    • 列车检测
    • US07523893B2
    • 2009-04-28
    • US11222917
    • 2005-09-08
    • Jonathan David FrancisPaul Robertshaw
    • Jonathan David FrancisPaul Robertshaw
    • B61L23/00
    • B61L1/18
    • A train detection mechanism for detecting the presence of a train on a section of track, the track section including first and second rails 1, 2 and delimited by first and second ends thereof, includes current injector for injecting current into the first rail at the first end of the section and current receiver for receiving current from the second rail at the first end of the section, and a shunt 3 connected between the first and second rails at the second end of the section, characterized in that the shunt includes a switch 4 for controlling current flow through the shunt, the switch being operable by the passage of a train.
    • 一种列车检测机构,用于检测轨道部分上的列车的存在,所述轨道部分包括第一和第二轨道1,2,并且由其第一和第二端限定,包括用于将电流注入第一轨道的电流注入器, 该部分的端部和用于从该部分的第一端处的第二轨道接收电流的当前接收器以及在该部分的第二端处连接在第一和第二轨道之间的分流器3,其特征在于,分流器包括开关4 为了控制通过分流器的电流,开关可通过列车通过。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Railway signalling system
    • 铁路信号系统
    • US5437422A
    • 1995-08-01
    • US15144
    • 1993-02-09
    • Greogory D. Newman
    • Greogory D. Newman
    • B61L27/00B61L27/04
    • B61L27/0038B60T13/665B60T17/228B60T7/18
    • A railway signalling system comprising a control device for controlling the movements of railway vehicles on a railway track. The system includes a memory for storing data defining physical characteristics of the railway track and the locations of the vehicles, a first processor for processing the data stored in the memory to determine permissible movements of the vehicles, and a first interface for transmitting to the vehicles movement data defining the vehicles' permissible movements; and a protection unit carried by at least one of the vehicles for causing the vehicle to move under the control of the control device, comprising a second interface receiving the movement data relating to the vehicle, a second memory for storing geographical data defining physical characteristics of the railway track, a second processor for processing the movement data in dependence on the geographical data to determine an operating speed for the vehicle, and an operation unit for controlling the travel of the vehicle at the determined operating speed.
    • 一种铁路信号系统,包括用于控制铁路车辆在铁路轨道上的运动的控制装置。 该系统包括用于存储定义铁路轨道的物理特性和车辆位置的数据的存储器,用于处理存储在存储器中的数据的第一处理器,以确定车辆的容许运动,以及用于发送给车辆的第一接口 确定车辆允许运动的运动数据; 以及由所述车辆中的至少一个承载的用于使所述车辆在所述控制装置的控制下移动的保护单元,包括接收与所述车辆相关的移动数据的第二接口,用于存储定义所述车辆的物理特性的地理数据的第二存储器 铁路轨道,用于根据地理数据处理运动数据以确定车辆的运行速度的第二处理器,以及用于以所确定的运行速度控制车辆行驶的操作单元。