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1. 发明授权

US4490958A Sheet metal beam 失效
标题翻译：钣金梁
公开(公告)号：US4490958A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-01
申请号：US542775
申请日：1983-10-17
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04C3/04 , E04C3/07 , E04B1/18
CPC分类号： E04C3/07 , E04C2003/0413 , E04C2003/0417 , E04C2003/0421 , E04C2003/0434 , E04C2003/0439 , E04C2003/0452 , E04C2003/0482
摘要： A panel of thin sheet metal is roll-formed into a beam having upper and lower first flange portions integrally connected by a web portion. The first flange portions are reinforced by corresponding second flange portions which may be separate or formed from the panel and folded back onto the corresponding first flange portion. The upper and lower flange portions may project in opposite directions from the web portion providing the beam with a Z-shaped cross-sectional configuration to facilitate close nesting of the beams in a stack, or the web portion may be disposed in the center of the flange portions to provide an "I" cross-sectional configuration. A plurality of parallel spaced stiffening ribs are formed in the web portion, and longitudinally extending stiffening ribs are formed in the flange portions. When the ribs in the web portion extend longitudinally of the beam, a series of longitudinally spaced strut members extend vertically between the flange portions adjacent the ribs and are attached to the flange and web portions. The strut members may extend through corresponding sets of aligned holes within the ribs or may conform to the ribbed configuration of the web portion. The second flange portions may also comprise separate heavier sheet metal strips which are attached to the first flange portions, and the strut members may be molded or cast from a flowable material.
摘要翻译：薄板金属板被卷成成具有由腹板部分整体连接的上下第一凸缘部分的梁。第一凸缘部分由相应的第二凸缘部分加强，第二凸缘部分可以与面板分开或形成并折回到相应的第一凸缘部分上。上凸缘部分和下凸缘部分可以从腹板部分向相反方向突出，以提供具有Z形横截面构造的梁，以便将梁的堆叠方便于堆叠，或者腹板部分可以设置在凸缘部分以提供“I”横截面构造。多个平行隔开的加强筋形成在腹板部分中，纵向延伸的加强筋形成在凸缘部分中。当腹板部分中的肋沿梁的纵向延伸时，一系列纵向间隔的支柱构件在邻近肋的凸缘部分之间垂直延伸并且附接到凸缘和腹板部分。支柱构件可以延伸穿过肋内的对应的一组对准的孔，或者可以符合腹板部分的肋状结构。第二凸缘部分还可以包括附接到第一凸缘部分的分离的较重的金属片，并且支柱构件可以由可流动材料模制或铸造。

2. 发明授权

US4461134A Sheet metal beam 失效
标题翻译：钣金梁
公开(公告)号：US4461134A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-24
申请号：US280803
申请日：1981-07-06
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04C3/04 , E04C3/07 , E04C3/30
CPC分类号： E04C3/07 , E04C2003/0413 , E04C2003/0421 , E04C2003/0434 , E04C2003/0439 , E04C2003/0482 , Y10T29/49634
摘要： An elongated beam is constructed from a sheet metal panel and has upper and lower flange sections integrally connected by a web section. The web section has upper and lower inclined web portions which project in opposite directions from a vertical intermediate web portion and cooperate to provide the beam with a generally Z-shaped cross-sectional configuration to facilitate stacking of a plurality of beams in interfitting nested relation. The upper and lower flange sections are stiffened by members which may be longitudinally extending sheet metal strips or longitudinally spaced stiffening elements, and the upper and lower flange sections and adjacent portions of the web section are formed slightly different in size to permit interfitting of mating overlapping end portions of two longitudinally aligned beams after one beam is inverted relative to the other.
摘要翻译：细长梁由金属板制成，并具有由腹板部分整体连接的上下凸缘部分。腹板部分具有从垂直中间腹板部分向相反方向突出的上部和下部倾斜腹板部分，并且协作以使梁具有大致Z形的横截面构造，以便于以相互嵌套的关系堆叠多个梁。上凸缘部分和下凸缘部分由可以是纵向延伸的金属片或纵向间隔开的加强元件的构件加固，并且腹板部分的上部和下部凸缘部分和相邻部分的尺寸略微不同，以允许配合重叠在一个光束相对于另一个光束反转之后，两个纵向对准的光束的端部。

3. 发明授权

US4365453A Frameless metal building and building components 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑和建筑构件
公开(公告)号：US4365453A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-28
申请号：US140764
申请日：1980-04-16
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30 , E04D3/36 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04D3/3607 , E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30
摘要： A series of rectangular sheet metal roof and wall panels include generally flat inner and outer corrugated skin portions rigidly connected by corrugated web portions to form parallel spaced primary corrugations. A fabricated sheet metal ridge beam rigidly connects the inner skin portions of the roof panels on opposite sides of the ridge to transmit tension forces, and connects the outer skin portions of the roof panels for transmitting compression forces. Inclined inner eave attachment plates or panels rigidly connect the skin portions of the roof and wall panels, and the inter-fitting web portions of the roof and wall panels are connected to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and may be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane. Each of the panels in the wall assembly and roof assembly is prepunched and may be formed from a single metal sheet which has a single major corrugation or from a sheet having a Z-shaped lateral configuration. Each panel assembly may also be constructed with independent Z-shape or C-shape web panels connecting separate inner and outer skin panels. Longitudinally spaced sheet metal or molded plastic spacers are disposed in the primary corrugations and connect the outer skin portions and web portions of the assembled panels. Longitudinally spaced and laterally extending elongated stiffeners or tie members rigidly connect the inner skin portions and spacers of the assembled panels, and the panel assemblies may also be used to form only end walls and/or side walls of a building having a partial frame.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形钣金屋顶和墙板包括通常由平坦的内部和外部波纹状皮肤部分，通过波纹腹板部分刚性地连接以形成平行隔开的初级波纹。制造的金属板脊梁刚性地将屋脊板的内皮部分刚性地连接在脊的相对侧上以传递张力，并连接屋顶板的外皮部分以传递压缩力。倾斜的内部屋檐附接板或板将屋顶和墙板的皮肤部分刚性地连接起来，并且将屋顶和墙板的相互配合的腹板部分相连接以形成具有相当大的总强度并且可以容易且快速的建筑结构架设而不使用起重机。壁组件和屋顶组件中的每个面板都被预先冲压，并且可以由具有单个主要波纹的单个金属板或具有Z形横向构造的板形成。每个面板组件也可以由独立的Z形或C形网片构成，连接分开的内外墙面板。纵向隔开的钣金或模制塑料隔板设置在初级波纹中，并连接组装面板的外皮部分和腹板部分。纵向间隔的和横向延伸的细长加强件或连接构件刚性地连接组装面板的内表皮部分和间隔件，并且面板组件也可用于仅形成具有部分框架的建筑物的端壁和/或侧壁。

4. 发明授权

US4329824A Sheet metal beam 失效
标题翻译：钣金梁
公开(公告)号：US4329824A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US104286
申请日：1979-12-17
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04C3/04 , E04C3/07 , E04B1/18
CPC分类号： E04C3/07 , E04C2003/0413 , E04C2003/0417 , E04C2003/0421 , E04C2003/0434 , E04C2003/0439 , E04C2003/0452 , E04C2003/0482
摘要： A panel of thin sheet metal is roll-formed into a beam having upper and lower first flange portions integrally connected by a web portion, and the first flange portions are reinforced by corresponding second flange portions which may be formed from the panel and folded back onto the corresponding first flange portion. The upper and lower flange portions project in opposite directions from the web portion providing the beam with a Z-shaped cross-sectional configuration to facilitate close nesting of the beams in a stack. A plurality of parallel spaced stiffening ribs are formed in the web portion, and longitudinally extending stiffening ribs are formed in the flange portions. When the ribs in the web portion extend longitudinally of the beam, a series of longitudinally spaced strut members extend transversely between the flange portions across the ribs and are attached to the flange and web portions. The strut members may extend through corresponding sets of aligned holes within the ribs, or the ribs in the web portion may extend transversely between the flange portions. The second flange portions may also be formed by separate heavier sheet metal strips which are attached to the first flange portions and the web portion.
摘要翻译：薄板金属板被卷成成具有通过腹板部分一体连接的上下第一凸缘部分的梁，并且第一凸缘部分由相应的第二凸缘部分加强，第二凸缘部分可以由面板形成并折回到相应的第一凸缘部分。上凸缘部分和下凸缘部分从腹板部分向相反方向突出，以提供具有Z形横截面构造的横梁，以便于将梁束堆叠起来。多个平行隔开的加强筋形成在腹板部分中，纵向延伸的加强筋形成在凸缘部分中。当腹板部分中的肋部沿着梁的纵向延伸时，一系列纵向间隔开的支柱构件横跨肋状物在凸缘部分之间横向延伸，并且连接到凸缘和腹板部分。支柱构件可以延伸穿过肋内的对应的一组对齐的孔，或者腹板部分中的肋可以在凸缘部分之间横向延伸。第二凸缘部分也可以由附接到第一凸缘部分和腹板部分的分开的较重的金属板形成。

5. 发明授权

US4309853A Frameless metal building 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑
公开(公告)号：US4309853A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-12
申请号：US969342
申请日：1978-12-14
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04D3/00 , E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30
摘要： A series of rectangular roof panels and rectangular wall panels each include inner and outer corrugated sheet metal skins or skin portions which are rigidly secured by fasteners to opposite sides of formed sheet metal longitudinally extending spacer members rigidly connected by formed sheet metal laterally extending spacer members. A formed sheet metal box-type or fabricated ridge beam and a series of fasteners rigidly connect the inner skin portions and spacer members of the roof panels on opposite sides of the ridge to transmit tension forces, and a compressive wedge and fasteners rigidly connect the outer skin portions, and spacer members of the roof panels for transmitting compression forces. Inclined inner attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the inner skin portions and spacer members of the roof panels to the inner skin portions and spacer members of the wall panels, and outer attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the spacer members of the roof panels to the outer skin portions and spacer members of the wall panels to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and can be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane. In some buildings, each of the roof and wall panels may also be formed from a single metal sheet which forms inner skin portions and outer skin portions connected by integral right angle side or web portions, and each panel may have a Z-shaped lateral configuration. Longitudinally spaced and laterally extending sheet metal spacers connect the outer skin portions to the side or web portion of each panel, and longitudinally spaced and laterally extending elongated tie members rigidly connect the inner skin portions of all the assembled panels.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形屋顶板和矩形墙板均包括内部和外部波纹板金属表皮或皮肤部分，其通过紧固件刚性地固定到成形金属板纵向延伸的间隔件的相对两侧，该间隔件通过形成的金属板横向延伸的间隔件刚性连接。形成的金属板箱型或制造的脊梁和一系列紧固件将脊部的相对侧上的屋顶板的内部皮肤部分和间隔件刚性地连接以传递张力，并且压缩楔和紧固件将外部皮肤部分和顶板的间隔件，用于传递压缩力。倾斜的内部附接板和紧固件将屋顶板的内部皮肤部分和间隔件刚性地连接到墙板的内部皮肤部分和间隔部件上，并且外部附接板和紧固件将顶板的间隔件刚性地连接到外部皮肤部分和间隔件构成，以形成具有显着的总强度并且可以容易且快速地架设而不使用起重机的建筑结构。在一些建筑物中，屋顶和墙板中的每一个也可以由形成内部皮肤部分的单个金属板和由整体的直角侧或腹板部分连接的外部皮肤部分形成，并且每个面板可以具有Z形横向配置。纵向间隔和横向延伸的金属间隔件将外皮部分连接到每个面板的侧面或腹板部分，并且纵向间隔开并横向延伸的细长连接构件将所有组装面板的内部皮肤部分刚性连接。

6. 发明授权

US4192108A Frameless metal building 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑
公开(公告)号：US4192108A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US911378
申请日：1978-06-01
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04B7/20 , E04B1/08
摘要： A series of rectangular roof panels and rectangular wall panels each include inner and outer corrugated sheet metal skins which are rigidly secured by fasteners to opposite sides of formed sheet metal longitudinally extending spacer members rigidly connected by formed sheet metal laterally extending spacer members. The inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels are rigidly connected across a ridge portion to transmit tension forces. The outer skins and spacer members of the roof panels form a pitch of less than twelve degrees and are rigidly connected across the ridge portion for transmitting compression forces. Inner attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels to the inner skins and spacer members of the wall panels, and the spacer members of the roof panels are also rigidly connected to the outer skins and spacer members of the wall panels to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and can be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane. In one embodiment, the roof panels are connected at the ridge by an upper tapered wedge member and a ridge beam disposed below the panels, and in another embodiment, a ridge beam is disposed between the panels. The roof and wall panels are constructed either with parallel skins or with tapering spacer members forming non-parallel skins. The spacer members within the roof panels may also be formed with open lattice-type crossing struts for minimizing weight in larger roof panels.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形屋顶板和矩形墙板均包括内部和外部波纹板金属表层，其通过紧固件刚性地固定到成形的金属板纵向延伸的间隔件的相对两侧，该间隔件通过成形的金属板横向延伸的间隔件刚性连接。屋顶板的内表面和间隔件刚性地连接在脊部上以传递张力。顶板的外表层和间隔件形成小于十二度的间距，并且横跨脊部刚性地连接以传递压缩力。内部附接板和紧固件将屋顶板的内表面和间隔件刚性地连接到墙板的内表面和间隔件，并且顶板的间隔件也刚性地连接到外板和间隔件壁板，以形成具有显着的总强度的建筑结构，并且可以在不使用起重机的情况下容易且快速地架设。在一个实施例中，顶板通过上锥形楔构件和设置在板下方的脊梁连接在脊处，并且在另一实施例中，脊梁设置在板之间。屋顶和墙板由平行表面或锥形间隔件构成，形成非平行表皮。屋顶板内的间隔件也可以形成有开放的格子型交叉支柱，以使最大重量的屋顶板最小化。

7. 发明授权

US4301628A Frameless metal building and building components 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑和建筑构件
公开(公告)号：US4301628A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US59575
申请日：1979-07-23
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04B7/20 , E04B1/08 , E04D3/30
摘要： A series of rectangular sheet metal roof and wall panels each includes inner and outer corrugated skin portions which are connected by web members or portions which may also be corrugated. A fabricated sheet metal ridge beam rigidly connects the inner skin portions of the roof panels on opposite sides of the ridge to transmit tension forces, and connects the outer skin portions of the roof panels for transmitting compression forces. Inclined inner eave attachment plates or panels rigidly connect the skin portions of the roof and wall panels, and other eave attachment members rigidly connect the roof panels and wall panels to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and may be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane. Each of the roof and wall panels is prepunched and may be formed from a single metal sheet which has a single major corrugation or a Z-shaped lateral configuration. Longitudinally spaced sheet metal spacers connect the outer skin portions and web portions of assembled panels, and longitudinally spaced and laterally extending elongated stiffeners or tie members rigidly connect the inner skin portions and spacers of the assembled panels.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形钣金屋顶和墙板每个包括内部和外部波纹状皮肤部分，其通过腹板构件或也可以是波纹状的部分连接。制造的金属板脊梁刚性地将屋脊板的内皮部分刚性地连接在脊的相对侧上以传递张力，并连接屋顶板的外皮部分以传递压缩力。倾斜的内部屋顶安装板或板将屋顶和墙板的皮肤部分刚性地连接在一起，并且其他屋檐附接构件刚性地连接屋顶板和墙板，以形成具有相当大的总强度的建筑结构，并且可以容易且快速地架设而没有使用起重机。屋顶和墙板中的每一个都被预先冲压，并且可以由具有单个主要波纹或Z形横向构造的单个金属板形成。纵向隔开的金属间隔件连接组装面板的外皮部分和腹板部分，并且纵向间隔开的和横向延伸的细长加强件或连接部件刚性地连接组装面板的内表皮部分和间隔件。

8. 发明授权

US4106245A Frameless metal building 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑
公开(公告)号：US4106245A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-15
申请号：US831781
申请日：1977-09-09
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04B1/08
摘要： A series of rectangular roof panels and rectangular wall panels each include inner and outer corrugated sheet metal skins which are rigidly secured by fasteners to opposite sides of formed sheet metal longitudinally extending spacer members rigidly connected by formed sheet metal laterally extending spacer members. A formed sheet metal box-type ridge beam and a series of fasteners rigidly connect the inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels on opposite sides of the ridge to transmit tension forces, and a compressive wedge and fasteners rigidly connect the outer skins and spacer members of the roof panels for transmitting compression forces. Inclined inner attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels to the inner skins and spacer members of the wall panels, and outer attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the spacer members of the roof panels to the outer skins and spacer members of the wall panels to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and can be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形屋顶板和矩形墙板均包括内部和外部波纹板金属表层，其通过紧固件刚性地固定到成形的金属板纵向延伸的间隔件的相对两侧，该间隔件通过成形的金属板横向延伸的间隔件刚性连接。一个形成的金属薄板型脊梁和一系列紧固件将屋顶板的内表面和间隔件刚性地连接在脊的相对侧上以传递张力，并且压缩楔和紧固件将外表皮和间隔件用于传递压缩力的屋顶板的构件。倾斜的内部附接板和紧固件将屋顶板的内部表皮和间隔件刚性地连接到墙板的内表面和间隔件上，并且外部附接板和紧固件将顶板的间隔件刚性地连接到外表面，壁板的间隔件，以形成具有大量总强度的建筑结构，并且可以在不使用起重机的情况下容易且快速地架设。

9. 发明授权

US4409771A Sheet metal beam 失效
标题翻译：钣金梁
公开(公告)号：US4409771A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-18
申请号：US217709
申请日：1980-12-18
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04C3/04 , E04C3/07 , E04B1/18
CPC分类号： E04C3/07 , E04C2003/0413 , E04C2003/0417 , E04C2003/0421 , E04C2003/0434 , E04C2003/0439 , E04C2003/0452 , E04C2003/0482
摘要： A panel of thin sheet metal is roll-formed into a beam having upper and lower first flange portions integrally connected by a web portion. The first flange portions are reinforced by corresponding second flange portions which may be separate or formed from the panel and folded back onto the corresponding first flange portion. The upper and lower flange portions may project in opposite directions from the web portion providing the beam with a Z-shaped cross-sectional configuration to facilitate close nesting of the beams in a stack, or the web portion may be disposed in the center of the flange portions to provdie an "I" cross-sectional configuration. A plurality of parallel spaced stiffening ribs are formed in the web portion, and longitudinally extending stiffening ribs are formed in the flange portions. When the ribs in the web portion extend longitudinally of the beam, a series of longitudinally spaced strut members extend vertically between the flange portions adjacent the ribs and are attached to the flange and web portions. The strut members may extend through corresponding sets of aligned holes within the ribs or may conform to the ribbed configuration of the web portion. The second flange portions may also comprise separate heavier sheet metal strips which are attached to the first flange portions, and the strut members may be molded or cast from a flowable material.
摘要翻译：薄板金属板被卷成成具有由腹板部分整体连接的上下第一凸缘部分的梁。第一凸缘部分由相应的第二凸缘部分加强，第二凸缘部分可以与面板分开或形成并折回到相应的第一凸缘部分上。上凸缘部分和下凸缘部分可以从腹板部分向相反方向突出，以提供具有Z形横截面构造的梁，以便将梁的堆叠方便于堆叠，或者腹板部分可以设置在凸缘部分以提供“I”横截面构型。多个平行隔开的加强筋形成在腹板部分中，纵向延伸的加强筋形成在凸缘部分中。当腹板部分中的肋沿梁的纵向延伸时，一系列纵向间隔的支柱构件在邻近肋的凸缘部分之间垂直延伸并且附接到凸缘和腹板部分。支柱构件可以延伸穿过肋内的对应的一组对齐的孔，或者可以符合腹板部分的肋状结构。第二凸缘部分还可以包括附接到第一凸缘部分的分离的较重的金属片，并且支柱构件可以由可流动材料模制或铸造。

10. 发明授权

US4221087A Frameless metal building 失效
标题翻译：无框金属建筑
公开(公告)号：US4221087A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-09
申请号：US931854
申请日：1978-08-07
申请人： Colin F. Lowe
发明人： Colin F. Lowe
IPC分类号： E04D3/00 , E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30 , E04B7/02
CPC分类号： E04B1/08 , E04B7/20 , E04D3/30
摘要： A series of rectangular roof panels and rectangular wall panels each include inner and outer corrugated sheet metal skins which are rigidly secured by fasteners to opposite sides of formed sheet metal longitudinally extending spacer members rigidly connected by formed sheet metal laterally extending spacer members. A formed sheet metal box-type ridge beam and a series of fasteners rigidly connect the inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels on opposite sides of the ridge to transmit tension forces, and a compressive wedge and fasteners rigidly connect the outer skins and spacer members of the roof panels for transmitting compression forces. Inclined inner attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the inner skins and spacer members of the roof panels to the inner skins and spacer members of the wall panels, and outer attachment plates and fasteners rigidly connect the spacer members of the roof panels to the outer skins and spacer members of the wall panels to form a building structure which has substantial total strength and can be easily and quickly erected without the use of a crane. In some buildings, each of the roof and wall panels may also be formed from a single metal sheet which forms inner skin portions and outer skin portions connected by integral right angle side portions. Longitudinally spaced and laterally extending sheet metal spacers connect the outer skin portions to the side portion of each panel, and longitudinally spaced and laterally extending elongated tie members rigidly connect the inner skin portions of all the panels.
摘要翻译：一系列矩形屋顶板和矩形墙板均包括内部和外部波纹板金属表层，其通过紧固件刚性地固定到成形的金属板纵向延伸的间隔件的相对两侧，该间隔件通过成形的金属板横向延伸的间隔件刚性连接。一个形成的金属薄板型脊梁和一系列紧固件将屋顶板的内表面和间隔件刚性地连接在脊的相对侧上以传递张力，并且压缩楔和紧固件将外表皮和间隔件用于传递压缩力的屋顶板的构件。倾斜的内部附接板和紧固件将屋顶板的内部表皮和间隔件刚性地连接到墙板的内表面和间隔件上，并且外部附接板和紧固件将顶板的间隔件刚性地连接到外表面，壁板的间隔件，以形成具有大量总强度的建筑结构，并且可以在不使用起重机的情况下容易且快速地架设。在一些建筑物中，屋顶和墙板中的每一个也可以由形成内部皮肤部分的单个金属板和由整体直角侧部分连接的外部皮肤部分形成。纵向间隔和横向延伸的金属间隔件将外皮部分连接到每个面板的侧部，并且纵向间隔开并横向延伸的细长连接构件将所有面板的内皮部分刚性连接。

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