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81. 发明授权

US06981157B2 Method and apparatus for ensuring security of users of short range wireless enable devices 有权
标题翻译：确保短距离无线使能设备用户安全的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06981157B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-27
申请号：US09851233
申请日：2001-05-08
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Susanne Gudrun Wetzel
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Susanne Gudrun Wetzel
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/56 , H04L29/06 , H04L29/12 , H04L9/00 , H04B1/713
CPC分类号： H04W12/04 , H04L29/12783 , H04L61/35 , H04L63/0428 , H04L63/067 , H04L63/1416 , H04W8/26 , H04W12/12 , H04W48/08 , H04W84/18
摘要： Master and slave Bluetooth-enabled devices communicate with other by sending messages using a carrier frequency that is constantly hopping from one frequency to another. In the prior art, each frequency in the sequence of frequencies, known as a hopping sequence, is determined as a known function of the master's Bluetooth address (BD_ADDR) and a universal time parameter. A computer-strong eavesdropper who is listening to one or more frequency bands over a period of time and within range of a user's piconet could determine the BD_ADDR of the user's device by comparing a detected hopping sequence with the hopping sequence associated with each possible BD_ADDR. Once the BD_ADDR of a user's device is determined, the user's location can thereafter be tracked as he moves from location to location using that device. To prevent this, the hopping sequence is determined as a known function of the master's BD_ADDR, a universal time parameter and a seed, which is a random or pseudo-random number communicated between the master to the slave and which is changed each time a new session begins on one of the user's devices operating on the piconet. The eavesdropper is then impeded from associating a detected pattern of channel usage with a particular master's BD_ADDR and its user.
摘要翻译：主和从属蓝牙设备通过使用从一个频率不断跳频到另一个频率的载波频率发送消息与其他设备进行通信。在现有技术中，被称为跳频序列的频率序列中的每个频率被确定为主机的蓝牙地址（BD_ADDR）和通用时间参数的已知功能。在一段时间内并在用户微微网范围内收听一个或多个频带的计算机强制窃听者可以通过将检测到的跳频序列与与每个可能的BD_ADDR相关联的跳频序列进行比较来确定用户设备的BD_ADDR。一旦确定了用户设备的BD_ADDR，则用户的位置随后可以在使用该设备从位置移动到位置时被跟踪。为了防止这种情况，跳频序列被确定为主机的BD_ADDR，通用时间参数和种子的已知功能，其是在主机与从机之间传递的随机或伪随机数，并且每次新的会话开始于在微微网上操作的用户设备之一上。然后阻止窃听者将检测到的频道使用模式与特定主机的BD_ADDR及其用户相关联。

82. 发明授权

US06772339B1 Mix and match: a new approach to secure multiparty computation 有权
标题翻译：混合和匹配：一种新的方法来确保多方计算
公开(公告)号：US06772339B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US09524337
申请日：2000-03-13
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Ari Juels
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Ari Juels
IPC分类号： H04L900
CPC分类号： H04L9/0841
摘要： A method for secure multiparty computation is disclosed. In one embodiment, participants to a secure computation agree upon a function to be computed and a representation of the function as a circuit with at least one gate. Logical tables are then generated for each gate. A logical table includes all possible input and output values for the gate based on the function. These input and output values are then encoded and the encoded tables are passed through a mix network, which generates a blinded table for each encoded logical table. A blinded table corresponds to the encoded logical table except that its rows are randomly permuted and entries are encrypted. After this initial blinding round, participants provide encryptions of their encoded secret inputs. The participants then jointly compute the function of interest using the encrypted secret inputs and the representative circuit. To simulate a gate therein, the participants compare the encrypted inputs to the gate with each encrypted input entry in the blinded table until a match is detected. When a match is detected, the corresponding output entry in the matched row is taken to be the output of the gate. This method of mixing and matching is performed in an identical manner for every gate in the circuit, irrespective of the layer in which it resides or the function being computed, until the output of the last gate is identified.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于安全多方计算的方法。在一个实施例中，安全计算的参与者将要被计算的功能和作为具有至少一个门的电路的功能的表示一致。然后为每个门产生逻辑表。逻辑表包括基于该功能的门的所有可能的输入和输出值。然后对这些输入和输出值进行编码，并且编码表通过混合网络传递，该混合网络为每个编码的逻辑表生成盲目表。盲表对应于编码的逻辑表，除了其行被随机排列并且条目被加密。在这个初始盲目的轮次之后，参与者提供对其编码的秘密输入的加密。参与者然后使用加密的秘密输入和代表性电路联合计算感兴趣的功能。为了模拟其中的门，参与者将加密的输入与门中的每个加密输入条目进行比较，直到检测到匹配。当检测到匹配时，匹配行中的相应输出条目被认为是门的输出。这种混合和匹配的方法以与电路中的每个门相同的方式执行，而不管其所在的层或正在计算的功能，直到识别出最后一个门的输出。

83. 发明授权

US06529884B1 Minimalistic electronic commerce system 有权
标题翻译：简约电子商务系统
公开(公告)号：US06529884B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09352963
申请日：1999-07-14
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： G06F1760
CPC分类号： G06Q30/06 , G06Q20/02 , G06Q20/04 , G06Q20/06 , G06Q20/367 , G06Q20/3674 , G06Q20/3678 , G06Q20/382 , G06Q20/3823 , G06Q20/3829
摘要： The present invention provides a system for electronic commerce that reduces the amount of data needed to be stored on a user computer or electronic device. A bank processor stores information corresponding to coins or funds and the user device (such as a payer or merchant processor) needs to only store a single secret key needed to access the data stored in the bank's memory. The user's device can be a smart card since only a minimal amount of data needs to be stored on the user's device. The bank processor of the present invention may hold disposable anonymous accounts in a bank memory. When a coin is spent, the corresponding account is deleted from the bank's memory and a new account is created which corresponds to a new coin. This completes a payment from a payer processor to a merchant processor. The new account is the merchant's account. This implementation avoids the threat of computer virus attacks since a smart card is far less susceptible to these. This implementation also allows pre-paid smart cards to be used by not requiring a link to the identity of the smart card owner. The present invention offers users computational (but not revocable) privacy, and protects against the bank robbery attack. The method provides chain privacy in that the bank processor will not be able to correlate the identity of users to payments that are in between the initial deposit into a traditional account and the final withdrawal from a traditional account.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种减少需要存储在用户计算机或电子设备上的数据量的电子商务系统。银行处理器存储对应于硬币或资金的信息，并且用户设备（诸如付款人或商家处理器）仅需要存储访问存储在银行存储器中的数据所需的单个秘密密钥。用户的设备可以是智能卡，因为只需要最少量的数据需要存储在用户的设备上。本发明的银行处理器可以在银行存储器中保存一次性的匿名账户。当硬币花费时，相应的帐户将从银行记忆中删除，并创建一个对应于新硬币的新帐户。这完成了从付款者处理器到商家处理器的付款。新帐户是商家的帐号。这种实现避免了计算机病毒攻击的威胁，因为智能卡对此不太敏感。该实现还允许使用预付费智能卡，而不需要链接到智能卡所有者的身份。本发明为用户提供计算（但不可撤销）的隐私，并且防止银行抢劫攻击。该方法提供链隐私，因为银行处理器将无法将用户身份与在传统帐户的初始存款之间的支付与传统帐户的最终退款相关联。

84. 发明申请

US20190324995A1 PUBLICLY VERIFIABLE PROOFS OF SPACE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190324995A1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-24
申请号：US16353440
申请日：2019-03-14
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： G06F16/953
摘要： A mining operator entity is configured to implement a given mining instance having a designated amount of storage available for generating proofs of space in a proof of space based mining system. The given mining instance generates a given proof of space in response to a challenge that is computed at least in part from ledger values of a distributed ledger associated with the proof of space based mining system. Utilizing the given mining instance to generate the given proof of space comprises generating the given proof of space based at least in part on a personalized challenge for the given mining instance, the personalized challenge having an associated difficulty determined based at least in part on a comparison of the designated amount of storage available for generating the proofs of space and a maximum amount of storage for a mining instance in the proof of space based mining system.

85. 发明申请

US20150154408A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR EFFICIENT COMPUTATION OF ONE-WAY CHAINS IN CRYPTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS 有权
标题翻译：方法和设备，有效地计算单向链条在印刷应用中的应用
公开(公告)号：US20150154408A1
公开(公告)日：2015-06-04
申请号：US14622104
申请日：2015-02-13
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： G06F21/60 , H04L9/32
CPC分类号： G06F21/602 , H04L9/3236 , H04L2209/38
摘要： Techniques are disclosed for efficient computation of consecutive values of one-way chains and other one-way graphs in cryptographic applications. The one-way chain or graph may be a chain of length s having positions i=1, 2, . . . s each having a corresponding value vi associated therewith, wherein the value vi is given by vi=h (vi+1), for a given hash function or other one-way function h. An initial distribution of helper values may be stored for the one-way chain of length s, e.g., at positions given by i=2j for 0≦j≦log2 s. A given one of the output values vi at a current position in the one-way chain may be computed utilizing a first helper value previously stored for another position in the one-way chain between the current position and an endpoint of the chain. After computation of the given output value, the positions of the helper values are adjusted so as to facilitate computation of subsequent output values. Advantageously, a storage-computation product associated with generation of the output values of the one-way chain has a complexity O(log s)2).
摘要翻译：公开了用于在加密应用中有效计算单向链和其他单向图的连续值的技术。单向链或图可以是具有位置i = 1,2的长度s的链。。。每个具有与其相关联的对应值vi，其中对于给定的散列函数或其他单向函数h，值vi由vi = h（vi + 1）给出。可以为长度为s的单向链存储辅助值的初始分布，例如，对于0＆nlE; j＆nlE; log 2 s，在由i = 2j给出的位置处存储辅助值的初始分布。可以使用先前存储在当前位置和链的端点之间的单向链中的另一位置的第一辅助值来计算单向链中当前位置处的输出值vi中的给定一个输出值vi。在计算给定输出值之后，调整帮助值的位置，以便于后续输出值的计算。有利地，与生成单向链的输出值相关联的存储计算产品具有复杂度O（log s）2）。

86. 发明授权

US08949989B2 Auditing a device 有权
标题翻译：审核设备
公开(公告)号：US08949989B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-03
申请号：US13044365
申请日：2011-03-09
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Karl-Anders R. Johansson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson , Karl-Anders R. Johansson
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G06F21/55 , G06F21/56 , G06F21/57
CPC分类号： G06F21/554 , G06F21/56 , G06F21/57 , G06F2221/2115 , G06F2221/2123
摘要： The auditing of a device that includes a physical memory is disclosed. One or more hardware parameters that correspond to a hardware configuration is received. Initialization information is also received. The physical memory is selectively written in accordance with a function. The physical memory is selectively read and at least one result is determined. The result is provided to a verifier.
摘要翻译：公开了对包括物理存储器的设备的审计。接收与硬件配置对应的一个或多个硬件参数。也收到初始化信息。根据功能选择性地写入物理存储器。选择性地读取物理存储器，并确定至少一个结果。结果提供给验证者。

87. 发明申请

US20140325617A1 DETECTING HORIZONTAL ATTACKS 有权
标题翻译：检测水平攻击
公开(公告)号：US20140325617A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-30
申请号：US13928215
申请日：2013-06-26
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L63/08
摘要： Horizontal attacks may be detected in an authentication system by comparing entered credentials to a list of common credentials, increasing a score if the entered credential matches a credential on the list of common credentials, and then making a security determination based on the score. The score increase may be weighted based on factors including a recentness of a previous authentication, a similarity of the credential to a correct or common credential, a commonality of the entered credential, and whether or not additional security precautions are being taken. The score may be associated with a credential, an authentication attempt, or may be a system-wide score that, when it reaches a threshold may be indicative of a system-wide attack.
摘要翻译：通过将输入的凭证与常规证书列表进行比较，可以在认证系统中检测到水平攻击，如果输入的凭证与公用证书列表中的凭证相匹配，则增加分数，然后基于分数进行安全性确定。分数增加可以基于包括先前认证的最新性，证书与正确或公共证书的相似性，输入的凭证的共同性以及是否采取额外的安全预防措施的因素来加权。分数可以与凭证，认证尝试相关联，或者可以是系统范围的分数，当达到阈值时可以指示系统范围的攻击。

88. 发明授权

US08844003B1 Performing authentication 有权
标题翻译：执行认证
公开(公告)号：US08844003B1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-23
申请号：US12215048
申请日：2008-06-23
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： G06F21/00 , G06F21/31
CPC分类号： G06F21/00 , G06F21/31 , G06F21/552 , G06F2221/2131 , H04K1/00 , H04L9/0891 , H04L63/083 , H04L63/1483 , H04L2209/56 , H04L2209/605 , H04L2209/805 , H04W4/02
摘要： Preference data is received. The received preference data is compared to stored preference data associated with a user with which the received preference data is associated. A determination is made whether to authorize an action based at least on the comparison. The preference data is received as a selection.
摘要翻译：收到偏好数据。将接收到的偏好数据与与所接收的偏好数据相关联的用户相关联的存储的偏好数据进行比较。决定是否至少基于比较授权一个动作。作为选择接收偏好数据。

89. 发明申请

US20140250515A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AUTHENTICATING A USER BASED ON A BIOMETRIC MODEL ASSOCIATED WITH THE USER 有权
标题翻译：基于与用户相关的生物模型验证用户的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20140250515A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14033851
申请日：2013-09-23
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L63/0861 , G06F21/32 , G06F2221/2103 , G06F2221/2111 , G06K9/00382 , G06K9/00912 , H04L9/3231 , H04L63/102 , H04W12/06
摘要： Systems and methods as provided herein may create a biometric model associated with a user. The created biometric model may be used to generate challenges that are presented to the user for authentication purposes. A user response to the challenge may be compared to an expected response, and if the user response matches within a predetermined error of the expected response, the user may be authenticated. The systems and methods may further generate challenges that are adaptively designed to address weaknesses or errors in the created model such that the model is more closely associated with a user and the user is more likely to be the only person capable of successfully responding to the generated challenges.
摘要翻译：本文提供的系统和方法可以创建与用户相关联的生物特征模型。所创建的生物特征模型可用于产生为了认证目的呈现给用户的挑战。可以将用户对挑战的响应与期望的响应进行比较，并且如果用户响应在预期响应的预定错误内匹配，则可以认证用户。系统和方法可以进一步产生被自适应地设计以解决创建的模型中的弱点或错误的挑战，使得模型与用户更紧密地相关联，并且用户更可能是能够成功地响应于所生成的模型挑战

90. 发明申请

US20140068726A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AUTHENTICATION USING LOW QUALITY AND HIGH QUALITY AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION 有权
标题翻译：使用低质量和高质量认证信息进行认证的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20140068726A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-06
申请号：US13605886
申请日：2012-09-06
申请人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
发明人： Bjorn Markus Jakobsson
IPC分类号： G06F21/20
CPC分类号： H04W12/06 , G06F21/31 , G06F2221/2111 , G06F2221/2113 , H04L63/08
摘要： Systems, methods, and devices for authenticating a user are provided. A device includes one or more processors configured to determine if a requested service requires high quality authentication, generate a request for high quality authentication if the requested service requires high quality authentication, and generate a request for low quality authentication if the requested service requires low quality authentication. The device also include a network interface component coupled to a network, the network interface component configured to: receive the request for the service requiring authentication, and a memory, the memory storing high quality authentication information and low quality authentication information for authenticating the user.
摘要翻译：提供了用于认证用户的系统，方法和设备。设备包括一个或多个处理器，其被配置为确定所请求的服务是否需要高质量认证，如果所请求的服务需要高质量认证，则生成对高质量认证的请求，并且如果所请求的服务需要低质量则生成低质量认证请求认证。该设备还包括耦合到网络的网络接口组件，所述网络接口组件被配置为：接收对需要认证的服务的请求，以及存储器，存储高品质认证信息的存储器和用于认证用户的低质量认证信息。

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