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71. 发明授权

US4349255A Photographing apparatus for an endoscope 失效
标题翻译：用于内窥镜的摄影装置
公开(公告)号：US4349255A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-14
申请号：US242635
申请日：1981-03-11
申请人： Syuichi Takayama
发明人： Syuichi Takayama
IPC分类号： A61B1/04 , G01J1/16 , G01J1/44 , G02B23/26 , G03B7/081 , G03B7/16 , G03B15/05 , G03B7/08
CPC分类号： A61B1/045 , A61B1/0669 , G01J1/1626 , A61B1/00165
摘要： A photographing apparatus for an endoscope comprises a first photodetector for detecting part of the light projected from an image guide of an endoscope and a second photodetector for detecting part of the flash light guided in a light guide of the endoscope. A resistor is connected in parallel with the first photodetector. A voltage induced across the two ends of the resistor is amplified and is supplied to an integrating circuit until the voltage is saturated. When the voltage induced across the two ends of the resistor is saturated, a voltage induced in the second photodetector is supplied to the integrating circuit after amplification and level adjustment. When the output from the integrating circuit reaches a predetermined level, supply of the flashlight to the light guide is interrupted.
摘要翻译：一种用于内窥镜的摄影装置，包括：第一光检测器，用于检测从内窥镜的图像引导件投影的一部分光;以及第二光电检测器，用于检测在内窥镜的光导中引导的部分闪光。电阻器与第一光电检测器并联连接。电阻两端感应的电压被放大，并被提供给积分电路，直到电压饱和为止。当电阻两端感应的电压饱和时，在放大和电平调整之后，将第二光电检测器感应的电压提供给积分电路。当积分电路的输出达到预定水平时，手电筒向导光板的供电被中断。

72. 发明授权

US4275295A Limit and measurement value transmitter 失效
标题翻译：限位和测量值变送器
公开(公告)号：US4275295A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US041915
申请日：1979-05-23
申请人： Roland Menningen , Kurt Ehrsam , Jurg Oberhansli , Kurt Grunig
发明人： Roland Menningen , Kurt Ehrsam , Jurg Oberhansli , Kurt Grunig
IPC分类号： G01D7/00 , G01D5/34 , G01F23/02 , G01F23/292 , G01J1/16 , G01K11/12 , G01R15/22
CPC分类号： G01D5/34 , G01F23/2925 , G01J1/1626 , Y10S250/901 , Y10S250/902 , Y10S250/903
摘要： PCT No. PCT/CH78/00023 Sec. 371 Date May 23, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date May 23, 1979 PCT Filed Oct. 2, 1978 PCT Pub. No. WO79/00180 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 19, 1979In the measuring and control technics, indicators for a limit value and measurement value working for example on an optoelectronic basis are used to determine magnitudes of physical and chemical nature. For solving such problems, particularly in fields where there are risks of explosion, a reference light beam (20 to 23) is used in parallel to the measuring light beam (13,15 to 17) representing the magnitude measured. A difference signal (36) is obtained resulting from both light beams and representing the magnitude of the information. With this signal, indicators of universal use for limit value and measurement value can be built, working in a precise and reliable way, even in severe operating conditions, by using preferably light guides (15,17,21 to 23). With the use of flexible light guides (15,17,21 to 23) and of separate light transmitters (13,20) of different frequencies (f.sub.1,f.sub.2), and with an alternate operation of said light transmitters, etc., a wide field of application opens that will subsequently link to information processing.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH78 / 00023 Sec。 371日期1979年5月23日 102（e）日期1979年5月23日PCT提交1978年10月2日PCT公布。公开号WO79 / 00180 PCT 日期1979年4月19日在测量和控制技术中，使用例如在光电基础上工作的极限值和测量值的指标来确定物理和化学性质的大小。为了解决这些问题，特别是在存在爆炸危险的领域中，与测量的光束（13,15〜17）平行地使用参考光束（20〜23）。由两个光束获得差分信号（36），并且表示信息的大小。利用该信号，可以通过使用优选的光导（15,17,21至23），即使在恶劣的操作条件下，也能以精确可靠的方式构建极限值和测量值的通用指标。通过使用柔性光导（15,17,21至23）和不同频率（f1，f2）的单独光发射器（13,20），以及所述光发射机等的替代操作，宽打开应用领域，随后将链接到信息处理。

73. 发明授权

US4272197A Apparatus and method for measuring the ratio of two signals 失效
标题翻译：用于测量两个信号的比率的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4272197A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US70514
申请日：1979-08-28
申请人： Karl Knop
发明人： Karl Knop
IPC分类号： G01J1/16 , G06G7/24 , G01N21/59
CPC分类号： G06G7/24 , G01J1/16
摘要： The ratio of the intensity of two light beams is determined by an apparatus which includes a chopper wheel for chopping one of the light beams, a photodetector for detecting the intensity of both light beams applied simultaneously thereto, and a logarithmic amplifier for amplifying the current produced by the photodetector. The AC component of the logarithmically amplified current represents the ratio of the intensity of the two light beams.
摘要翻译：两个光束的强度的比例由包括用于切割光束中的一个的斩波轮的装置确定，用于检测同时施加的两个光束的强度的光电检测器和用于放大产生的电流的对数放大器通过光电检测器。对数放大电流的AC分量表示两个光束的强度之比。

74. 发明授权

US4248536A Dual wavelength photometric device 失效
标题翻译：双波长测光装置
公开(公告)号：US4248536A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US49164
申请日：1979-06-18
申请人： Kazuo Hijikata
发明人： Kazuo Hijikata
IPC分类号： G01J1/16 , G01J1/42 , G01J3/427 , G01N21/27 , G01N21/31 , G01J3/50
CPC分类号： G01J3/427 , G01N21/314
摘要： A photometric device comprises a photometric optical system for obtaining light outputs each having a predetermined wavelength by transmitting light from a light source to a sample to be measured through different light paths each having a filter, a detector for converting each light output into an electric signal, a switch for deriving first electric signals for one predetermined wavelength and second electric signals for another predetermined wavelength from the output signals of the detector, and a signal treating circuit for treating the first and the second electric signals to obtain a light absorption amount of the sample.
摘要翻译：光度测量装置包括光度测量光学系统，用于通过将各种光输出转换为电信号的检测器将每个光输出转换成电信号的检测器，用于通过将来自光源的光透射到待测样品来获得每个具有预定波长的光输出; 用于从检测器的输出信号导出用于一个预定波长的第一电信号和另一预定波长的第二电信号的开关，以及用于处理第一和第二电信号以获得第一和第二电信号的光吸收量的开关样品。

75. 发明授权

US4057734A Spectroscopic apparatus with balanced dual detectors 失效
标题翻译：具有平衡双检测器的光谱仪
公开(公告)号：US4057734A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-08
申请号：US606131
申请日：1975-08-28
申请人： Anthony Rene Barringer
发明人： Anthony Rene Barringer
IPC分类号： G01J1/16 , G01N21/26
CPC分类号： G01J1/1626
摘要： A spectrometer having two photoelectric channels the outputs of which are compared in order to measure gas or liquid concentrations, and means for automatically balancing the photoelectric channels immediately prior to each successive measurement, said means including a reference source of radiation which is utilized for balancing both photoelectric channels, so that when a measurement of the gas or liquid is being made, both photoelectric channels as nearly as possible are effectively balanced.
摘要翻译：具有两个光电通道的光谱仪，其输出被比较以测量气体或液体浓度，以及用于在每次连续测量之前自动平衡光电通道的装置，所述装置包括用于平衡两者的参考辐射源光电通道，使得当进行气体或液体的测量时，两个光电通道尽可能接近地被有效平衡。

76. 发明授权

US4052644A Electronic flash unit with operational signal 失效
标题翻译：具有操作信号的电子闪光单元
公开(公告)号：US4052644A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-04
申请号：US666674
申请日：1976-03-15
申请人： Stefan Borejko
发明人： Stefan Borejko
IPC分类号： G03B15/05 , H05B41/32 , G01J1/16
CPC分类号： G03B15/05 , G03B2215/0532
摘要： An electronic flash unit having the conventional flash tube, storage capacitor dischargeable through the flash tube, measuring device for recording the quantity of light emitted by the flash tube and reflected back from the subject being photographed, a pulse generator responsive to the measured reflected light, and means for quenching the flash in response to a pulse produced when the measured reflected light reaches a threshold value. The present flash unit, in addition to the conventional features just mentioned, includes the novel feature of a light-emitting diode which becomes illuminated when the light measuring means and the pulse generator circuit become operative, thus signalling to the user of the device that the so-called "computer" mechanism has actually operated. Circuit means is provided for extinguishing the light-emitting diode at the proper time. By incorporating such a light-emitting diode in the flash unit, the operator is informed of the operativeness of the computer in a more satisfactory way than is possible with prior art devices which notify the operator, the present invention being particularly useful in informing the operator of the functioning of the computer mechanism during each flash in a rapid succession of flashes, not possible in the customary prior art constructions.

77. 发明授权

US4037972A Measuring apparatus 失效
标题翻译：测量装置
公开(公告)号：US4037972A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-26
申请号：US619915
申请日：1975-10-06
申请人： Wilhelm Pross
发明人： Wilhelm Pross
IPC分类号： G01J1/10 , G01J1/16 , G01N21/27 , G01N21/59 , G01N21/22
CPC分类号： G01J1/1626
摘要： A zero-balancing arrangement incorporated into a pocket-type apparatus, which pocket-type apparatus is capable of being handled and operated by one hand of the user. The apparatus includes at least one battery to supply energy to a lamp which is used as a light source. A cuvet containing a liquid to be measured is placed into the path of a measuring light beam through an opening in the casing of the apparatus. A wedge-shaped filter is movable in the path of a second light beam by manual operation of a setting wheel. A measuring scale provided on the setting wheel can be inspected through a viewing window and the setting wheel can be adjustable relative to a mark fixedly located on the casing of the light beam paths provided in the apparatus, the first one travels through the liquid in the cuvet to a first photoelectric sensing device and the second light beam path travels unobstructed to a second photoelectric light sensing device. An electronic regulating system is provided to adjust the voltage at the inputs to a differential amplifier and to adjust the output of the differential amplifier to a zero value so that a light meter reading is initially adjusted to a zero value prior to a measuring of a particular liquid in the cuvet.

78. 发明授权

US4014612A Photometric measuring apparatus 失效
标题翻译：光度测量仪器
公开(公告)号：US4014612A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-29
申请号：US499855
申请日：1974-08-22
申请人： John G. Atwood , Hamilton W. Marshall, Jr. , Charles F. Demey, II , Wilson P. Ralston
发明人： John G. Atwood , Hamilton W. Marshall, Jr. , Charles F. Demey, II , Wilson P. Ralston
IPC分类号： G01J1/16 , G01N21/25 , G01J3/42
CPC分类号： G01N21/251 , G01J1/1626
摘要： A highly stable and sensitive photometric apparatus is obtained by combining a sensitive, stable, unchopped, dual-beam optical photometer with an accurate electronic sensing circuit. The circuit includes PIN silicon diode detectors on which the two beams of the photometer are imaged. One beam is a reference to detect light source variations and the other a signal beam passing through the sample cell of the photometer. The PIN diode outputs are inputs to parametric amplifiers. The amplifier outputs are then provided to log taking means which take the logarithms of the two signals and then take the difference of the two logarithms to provide a final output proportional to absorbtion in the cell.
摘要翻译：通过组合敏感，稳定，未被梳理的双光束光学光度计与精确的电子感应电路，获得高度稳定和敏感的测光装置。电路包括PIN硅二极管检测器，光电二极管成像在其上。一个光束是检测光源变化的参考，另一个是通过光度计的样品池的信号光束。 PIN二极管输出是参量放大器的输入。然后将放大器输出提供给采集装置，其采取两个信号的对数，然后取两个对数的差异来提供与单元格中吸收成正比的最终输出。

79. 发明授权

US3884584A Automatic switching system for photometric portions 失效
标题翻译：自动切换系统的光学部件
公开(公告)号：US3884584A
公开(公告)日：1975-05-20
申请号：US41680273
申请日：1973-11-19
申请人： CANON KK
发明人： TSUNEKAWA TOKUICHI , UCHIYAMA TAKASHI
IPC分类号： G03B7/099 , G01J1/42 , G01J1/16
CPC分类号： G01J1/4214
摘要： An automatic switching system for photometric portions of an object, comprising the first light receiving device exclusively for light flux from central portion of the object, the second light receiving device for light flux from portions other than the central portion thereof, both of said devices respectively having at least a light receiving element of photo-electromotive force type. The system further comprises, connecting means for connecting said respective elements in series, a control circuit means for said connecting means with its output, said control circuit means having amplifier circuit to form output signal corresponding to partial brightness of the object, including switch means, detecting means, indicating means and the like.

80. 发明授权

US3864033A Automatic focusing arrangement for a slide projector 失效
标题翻译：自动对焦布置用于幻灯机
公开(公告)号：US3864033A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-04
申请号：US36407973
申请日：1973-05-25
申请人： AGFA GEVAERT AG
发明人： RIEDER ALOIS
IPC分类号： G03B21/53 , G03B3/10 , G01J1/16
CPC分类号： G03B21/53
摘要： When the slide is in the projection position, a first beam is focussed thereon by a light source mounted in a fixed position relative to the projector lens, and the reflected beam is received by a differential photoresistor also mounted in a fixed position relative to the lens. A second beam is impinged upon the slide, the light from the beam falling on a different position in the slide than the light from the first beam. The second beam is furnished by a light source mounted in a fixed position relative to the slide and the corresponding reflected beam is received by a differential photoresistor also mounted in a fixed position relative to the slide. Each photoresistor forms part of a voltage divider. The center tap of each photoresistor is applied to one input of a differential amplifier whose output controls the direction of rotation of a motor which, through gearing, controls the relative position of the lens to the slide.
摘要翻译：当滑块处于投影位置时，通过安装在相对于投影透镜的固定位置的光源将第一光束聚焦在其上，并且反射光束也被安装在相对于透镜的固定位置的差分光电晶体。第二个光束撞击在滑块上，来自光束的光落在幻灯片中与来自第一光束的光线不同的位置上。第二光束由安装在相对于滑块的固定位置的光源提供，并且相应的反射光束也被安装在相对于幻灯片的固定位置的差分光电晶体管接收。每个光敏电阻构成分压器的一部分。每个光敏电阻的中心抽头被施加到差分放大器的一个输入端，差分放大器的输出控制电动机的旋转方向，该电动机通过齿轮将镜头的相对位置控制到滑块。

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