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71. 发明申请

US20150072256A1 REFILLABEL HYDROGEN GENERATOR 审中-公开
标题翻译： REFILLABEL氢发电机
公开(公告)号：US20150072256A1
公开(公告)日：2015-03-12
申请号：US14541047
申请日：2014-11-13
申请人： Intelligent Energy Inc.
发明人： Jean-Francois Audebert , Olen R. Vanderleden , Richard A. Langan , Chad E. Law , Thomas J. Kmetich , Craig R. Huddleston , Jason L. Stimits , Gerald Zsigo , Kevin P. Murray
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , C01B3/04 , H01M8/06
CPC分类号： B01J19/121 , C01B3/04 , H01M8/0606 , Y02E60/364
摘要： A hydrogen generator and a fuel cell system including the hydrogen generator are disclosed. The hydrogen generator includes a reactant that undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction to produce hydrogen when heated. A laser is used to initiate the reaction. The reactant is contained in a reactant composition in a user-replaceable disc-shaped fuel unit. The reactant composition can be segregated into individual quantities. The fuel unit and the laser beam are periodically realigned by incrementally rotating the fuel unit and/or incrementally redirect the laser beam.
摘要翻译：公开了一种氢发生器和包括氢生成器的燃料电池系统。氢气发生器包括在加热时经历热分解反应以产生氢气的反应物。激光用于引发反应。反应物包含在用户可更换的盘形燃料单元中的反应物组合物中。反应物组合物可以分离成单独的量。燃料单元和激光束通过逐渐旋转燃料单元和/或递增地重定向激光束来周期性地重新对准。

72. 发明申请

US20150064104A1 HYDROGEN GENERATOR WITH SEQUENTIAL FUEL INITIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有连续燃料启动的氢发电机
公开(公告)号：US20150064104A1
公开(公告)日：2015-03-05
申请号：US14534062
申请日：2014-11-05
申请人： Intelligent Energy Inc.
发明人： Craig Huddleston , Russell Barton
IPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/04
CPC分类号： B01J7/00 , C01B3/04 , Y02E60/364
摘要： Disclosed is a hydrogen generator that produces hydrogen by thermal decomposition. An electric circuit including a plurality of parallel branches, each including at least one electric heating element, is arranged in a sequence. The circuit also includes a normally open switch between adjacent branches and a normally closed switch in each branch but the last to provide current to the heating elements in the sequence of the parallel branches. Each heating element provides heat to thermally decompose a portion of a reactant, open the normally closed switch in the same branch, and close the normally open switch following that branch, energizing and deenergizing the heating elements in sequence. Each of the normally open switches includes a switch material with a resistivity that permanently decreases to close the switch in response to heating, and each of the normally closed switches opens in response to heating.
摘要翻译：公开了通过热分解产生氢的氢发生器。包括多个平行分支的电路，每个分支包括至少一个电加热元件，按顺序排列。电路还包括相邻分支之间的常开开关和每个分支中的常闭开关，但最后一个按照并联支路顺序向加热元件提供电流。每个加热元件提供热量以热分解反应物的一部分，打开同一分支中的常闭开关，并且在该分支之后关闭常开开关，依次激励和断电加热元件。每个常开的开关包括具有电阻率的开关材料，其电阻率随着加热而永久地减小以闭合开关，并且每个常闭开关响应于加热而打开。

73. 发明授权

US08491679B2 Hydrogen generation utilizing integrated CO2 removal with steam reforming 失效
标题翻译：通过蒸汽重整利用集成二氧化碳去除产生的氢气
公开(公告)号：US08491679B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-23
申请号：US13516185
申请日：2010-12-14
申请人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Anand S. Chellappa
发明人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Anand S. Chellappa
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J7/00 , C01B3/36
CPC分类号： C01B3/384 , B01J8/065 , B01J8/067 , B01J12/007 , B01J2208/00513 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00814 , B01J2208/025 , B01J2219/00038 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0425 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1229 , C01B2203/1241
摘要： A steam reformer may comprise fluid inlet and outlet connections and have a substantially cylindrical geometry divided into reforming segments and reforming compartments extending longitudinally within the reformer, each being in fluid communication. With the fluid inlets and outlets. Further, methods for generating hydrogen may comprise steam reformation and material adsorption in one operation followed by regeneration of adsorbers in another operation. Cathode off-gas from a fuel cell may be used to regenerate and sweep the adsorbers, and the operations may cycle among a plurality of adsorption enhanced reformers to provide a continuous flow of hydrogen.
摘要翻译：蒸汽重整器可以包括流体入口和出口连接，并且具有基本上圆柱形的几何形状，分为重整段和在重整器内纵向延伸的重整隔室，每个都在流体连通中。具有流体入口和出口。此外，用于产生氢的方法可以包括在一次操作中的蒸汽重整和材料吸附，然后在另一操作中再生吸附器。来自燃料电池的阴极废气可以用于再生和扫掠吸附器，并且操作可以在多个吸附增强重整器之间循环，以提供连续的氢气流。

74. 发明申请

US20100172827A1 FUEL STEAM REFORMER SYSTEM AND REFORMER STARTUP PROCESS 有权
标题翻译：燃料蒸汽改造系统和改造器启动过程
公开(公告)号：US20100172827A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-08
申请号：US12687625
申请日：2010-01-14
申请人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
发明人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
IPC分类号： C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/0005 , B01J2219/00006 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0888 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/1604 , Y02E60/324 , Y02P20/128
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that has a vaporization section receiving and vaporizing fuel along with water and passing the vapor to a reformer catalyst section heated by a combustor section which generates reformate gas and is fueled by off-gas from a H2 purification unit along with a combustion air source. The off-gas outlet feeds the combustor section in the reformer assembly to heat the catalyst section and the vaporization section. An H2 storage unit connected to the H2 purification unit pure H2 outlet receives the pure H2. The storage unit has an outlet selectively connectable to the reformer assembly process inlet during startup without the need for a spark igniter. The startup process includes generating heat in the combustor section of the reformer assembly by passing H2 from the H2 storage unit through the vaporization section, the reformer catalyst section, the H2 purification unit and through the off-gas connection to the combustor section, then introducing water and fuel through the vaporization section and reformer catalyst section to generate reformate gas when the system is warmed, passing the reformate gas through the H2 purification unit to the off-gas connection to the combustor section, and establishing a back pressure on the reformer catalyst section and vaporizer section to decrease the hydrogen flow from the H2 storage unit until the system is fully sustainable without addition of H2 from the H2 storage unit.
摘要翻译：公开了一种氢气发生系统，其具有蒸发部分，其与水一起接收和蒸发燃料，并将蒸气传递到由燃烧器部分加热的重整器催化剂部分，燃烧器部分产生重整气体，并由来自H 2净化单元的废气燃料连同，以及燃烧空气源。废气出口将重整器组件中的燃烧器部分供给到加热催化剂部分和蒸发部分。连接到H2净化单元纯H2出口的H2储存单元接收纯H2。存储单元具有在启动期间可选择性地连接到重整器组件过程入口的出口，而不需要火花点火器。启动过程包括通过使来自H 2存储单元的H 2通过蒸发部分，重整器催化剂部分，H 2纯化单元和通过与燃烧器部分的废气连接而引入重整器组件的燃烧器部分中的热量，然后引入通过蒸发部分和重整器催化剂部分的水和燃料，当系统被加热时产生重整气体，使重整气体通过H 2净化单元到达与燃烧器部分的废气连接，并在重整器催化剂上建立背压截面和蒸发器部分，以减少来自H 2存储单元的氢气流，直到系统完全可持续，而不需要从H 2存储单元中添加H 2。

75. 发明授权

US07523724B2 In transit desulfurization of widely available fuels 有权
标题翻译：广泛使用的燃料在运输过程中脱硫
公开(公告)号：US07523724B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-28
申请号：US11733718
申请日：2007-04-10
申请人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Anand Chellappa
发明人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Anand Chellappa
IPC分类号： F02B43/00 , F02B63/00
CPC分类号： C10G31/11 , C10G27/00 , C10G27/04 , C10G45/02
摘要： A method of and system for reducing engine environmental atmospheric pollution emissions from a vehicle having a combustion engine utilizing hydrocarbon fuel for at least one of propulsion and auxiliary electrical power is disclosed. The method basically includes providing an unprocessed bulk fuel storage container and a clean processed fuel tank on the vehicle, supplying the engine for propulsion with fuel from the unprocessed fuel storage container when the vehicle is beyond a predetermined distance from an area having environmental restrictions passing a portion of unprocessed fuel through a desulphurization process to fill a clean fuel storage container while the vehicle is in motion and supplying the combustion engine for one of propulsion and auxiliary electrical power from clean fuel in the processed fuel storage container when the vehicle is within an area having environmental restrictions.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于减少来自具有利用烃燃料的内燃机的车辆的发动机环境大气污染排放的方法和系统，所述燃料发动机用于推进和辅助电力中的至少一个。该方法基本上包括在车辆上提供未经处理的大容量燃料储存容器和清洁处理的燃料箱，当车辆距离具有环境限制的区域超过预定距离时，向来自未加工的燃料储存容器的燃料供应用于推进的发动机未处理的燃料的一部分通过脱硫过程在车辆运动时填充清洁的燃料存储容器，并且当车辆在区域内时，从处理的燃料存储容器中的清洁燃料提供用于推进和辅助电力中的一种的内燃机有环境限制。

76. 发明申请

US20090041641A1 HYDROGEN PURIFICATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：氢气净化过程和系统
公开(公告)号：US20090041641A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-12
申请号：US12205171
申请日：2008-09-05
申请人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
发明人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
IPC分类号： B01J12/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/147 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C., a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C. in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit. The hydrogen can be further purified by including a secondary purification stage downstream of the PSA unit and the catalytic reactor wherein the secondary purification stage has a water adsorbent material bed that adsorbs the water vapor H2O and a hydrogen absorbent material downstream of the water absorbent material that absorbs hydrogen gas preferentially, thus concentrating the non-hydrogen components, such as CH4, into an exhaust stream that exits the bed, wherein the absorbed hydrogen gas is then desorbed to create an exiting very pure hydrogen stream.
摘要翻译：公开了一种氢生成系统，其包括在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体的燃料重整反应器，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流的变压吸附（PSA）氢气净化单元，尾气流和PSA单元的下游催化反应器，其将包含在相对纯的氢流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2）转化成甲烷（CH4）和水蒸汽（H 2 O）。纯化方法包括在燃料重整反应器中在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流和变压吸附（PSA）中的废气流，氢气净化单元，并将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢气（H2）转化为PSA单元下游的催化反应器中的甲烷（CH4）和水蒸汽（H 2 O）。可以通过在PSA单元和催化反应器的下游包括二级净化级来进一步纯化氢气，其中二级净化级具有吸附水蒸气H 2 O的水吸附材料床和在吸水材料下游的吸氢材料，优先吸收氢气，从而将非氢组分如CH4浓缩到离开床的排气流中，其中吸收的氢气然后被解吸以产生离开非常纯的氢气流。

77. 发明申请

US20080308496A1 INTEGRATED HEATED PREVAPORATION MODULE 有权
标题翻译：一体式加热预处理模块
公开(公告)号：US20080308496A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-18
申请号：US12106834
申请日：2008-04-21
申请人： Diane Lee Aagesen
发明人： Diane Lee Aagesen
IPC分类号： B01D61/36 , B01D63/00 , B01D65/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , B01D2311/04 , B01D2313/22 , C10G31/11 , H01M8/0675 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32 , B01D2311/103
摘要： An integrated heating system for adding heat to a feed fuel within a module by way of an integrated heating element within the body or casing of the module. The heat may be selectively added to maintain a selected temperature.
摘要翻译：一种集成加热系统，用于通过在模块的主体或壳体内的集成加热元件向模块内的进料燃料加热。可以选择性地添加热量以保持所选择的温度。

78. 发明申请

US20080295403A1 Modular Reformer with Enhanced Heat Recuperation 有权
标题翻译：具有增强热恢复功能的模块化改型器
公开(公告)号：US20080295403A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-04
申请号：US10598394
申请日：2005-03-09
申请人： Richard Root Woods , Brook F. Porter , Rahul Iyer , Leonard M. Weschta
发明人： Richard Root Woods , Brook F. Porter , Rahul Iyer , Leonard M. Weschta
IPC分类号： C10J1/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/249 , B01J2219/1944 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2465 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2472 , B01J2219/2485 , B01J2219/2487 , C01B3/384 , C01B2203/0211 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0811
摘要： The thermal reformer system (1) is provided that compromises a planar assembly including a reformer zone (5), a combustion zone (6), and various inlet and outlet manifolds with associated fluid flow passages (11, 20). The reformer system further compromises an inlet combustion fluid flow passage (31) connecting an inlet combustion fluid manifold (30) and the combustion zone (6), and an outlet combustion fluid flow passage (41) connecting the combustion zone (6) and the outlet combustion fluid manifold (40). In the thermal reformer system the heat transfer and recuperation from outlet fluid flows is efficiently transferred to inlet fluid flows, in order to minimize heat loss and insulation requirements.
摘要翻译：提供了热重整器系统（1），其损害包括重整器区域（5），燃烧区域（6）以及具有相关联的流体流动通道（11,20）的各种入口和出口歧管的平面组件。重整器系统进一步破坏了连接入口燃烧流体歧管（30）和燃烧区（6）的入口燃烧流体流动通道（31）和连接燃烧区（6）和燃烧区（6）的出口燃烧流体流动通道出口燃烧流体歧管（40）。在热重整器系统中，出口流体流动的传热和回收有效地传递到入口流体流中，以便最小化热损失和绝缘要求。

79. 发明授权

US07452405B2 Multi stage sulfur removal system and process for an auxiliary fuel system 有权
标题翻译：多级除硫系统和辅助燃油系统的过程
公开(公告)号：US07452405B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11534764
申请日：2006-09-25
申请人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Richard Root Woods
发明人： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Richard Root Woods
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , B01D61/00 , C10G31/00 , C07C7/144
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , B01D2317/025 , C10G31/11 , H01M8/0675
摘要： A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The first vapor permeate stream is preferable sent through a vapor phase reactive desulfurization catalyst reactor to condition any sulfur compounds present into species that can be easily separated from the fuel stream. The process includes isolating a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream from a primary fuel stream by passing a portion of the primary fuel stream through a first membrane separation stage, condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream in a first separation stage partial condenser into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and passing the first vapor stage stream through a desulfurization reactor. The stream may then be processed through a sorbent bed to effectively remove the sulfur compounds.
摘要翻译：用于从初级燃料流产生含有低浓度硫化合物的辅助燃料流的系统包括：第一分离阶段，将初级燃料流的一部分分离成第一蒸汽渗透物流和第一滞留物流;第一分离段连接到第一蒸汽渗透物流的部分冷凝器将第一蒸汽渗透物流的一部分冷凝成第一液流流和第一蒸汽级流，以及将第一蒸汽级流的一部分冷凝成第二蒸汽级流的第二分级级部分冷凝器液态第一蒸气渗透物流优选通过气相反应性脱硫催化剂反应器送出，以使存在的物质中的任何硫化合物能够容易地与燃料流分离。该方法包括通过使主要燃料流的一部分通过第一膜分离阶段从初级燃料流中分离第一蒸汽渗透物流和第一滞留物流，将第一蒸气渗透物流的一部分在第一分离段中部分冷凝器进入第一液站流和第一蒸汽级流，并使第一蒸汽级流通过脱硫反应器。然后可以通过吸附剂床处理料流以有效地除去硫化合物。

80. 发明授权

US07439273B2 Hydrogen purification process and system 有权
标题翻译：氢气净化过程及系统
公开(公告)号：US07439273B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-21
申请号：US11536279
申请日：2006-09-28
申请人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
发明人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
IPC分类号： C07C27/00 , C07B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/147 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit. The hydrogen can be further purified by including a secondary purification stage downstream of the PSA unit and the catalytic reactor wherein the secondary purification stage has a water adsorbent material bed that adsorbs the water vapor H2O and a hydrogen absorbent material downstream of the water absorbent material that absorbs hydrogen gas preferentially, thus concentrating the non-hydrogen components, such as CH4, into an exhaust stream that exits the bed, wherein the absorbed hydrogen gas is then desorbed to create an exiting very pure hydrogen stream.
摘要翻译：公开了一种氢生成系统，其包括在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体的燃料重整反应器，将重整气分离成相对纯的氢气流的变压吸附（PSA）氢气净化单元，以及以及PSA单元的下游催化反应器，其将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 N 2）转化成甲烷（CH 4））和水蒸汽（H 2 O 2）。纯化方法包括在燃料重整反应器中在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流和变压吸附（PSA）氢气中的废气流净化单元，并将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 H 2）转化成甲烷（CH 3/4）和水蒸气（H _{2 O）在PSA单元的下游催化反应器中。可以通过在PSA单元和催化反应器的下游包括二级净化级来进一步纯化氢气，其中二次净化级具有吸附水蒸气H 2 O 2的水吸附剂床和氢吸收材料下游的吸收材料，优先吸收氢气，从而将非氢组分（例如CH 4）浓缩到离开床的排气流中，其中吸收的氢气是脱附以产生离开的非常纯的氢气流。}

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