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    • 78. 发明授权
    • Electrodialysis system and process
    • 电渗析系统及工艺
    • US08142633B2
    • 2012-03-27
    • US10577120
    • 2004-10-27
    • Bruce BatchelderLi ZhangWilliam W. Carson
    • Bruce BatchelderLi ZhangWilliam W. Carson
    • B01D61/46
    • B01D61/48B01D61/422B01D61/44B01D61/46B01D61/54B01D61/58B01D65/02B01D65/027B01D2311/243B01D2317/04B01D2321/16B01D2321/162C02F1/469C02F1/4693C02F1/4695
    • A treatment system and method for continuous deionization of a biologically derived feed stream includes a plurality of electrodialysis units (3, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) arranged in stages along a treatment line, and stages are controlled such that the feed stream attains a certain quality before entering the next stage. The feed and concentrate streams move in generally opposite sense along the line, matching fluid characteristics of dilute and concentrate cells. The treatment line has two or more stages. Systems may have phased staging operations, and cell constructions may adapt the electrodialysis units for enhanced processing of difficult process fluids. A controller sets operating potentials in different electrical stages, and simple control parameters optimize ion removal and current efficiency without polarization of the fluid. The invention also includes phased staging of reversal operation, and cell constructions or fillings that adapt the treatment cells for enhanced processing.
    • 用于生物衍生的进料流的连续去离子的处理系统和方法包括沿着处理管线分阶段布置的多个电渗析单元(3,9,10,11,12,13),并且控制阶段使得进料流 在进入下一阶段之前达到一定的质量。 进料和浓缩物流沿着整条相反的方向移动,匹配稀释和浓缩细胞的流体特性。 治疗线有两个或更多个阶段。 系统可以具有阶段性分段操作,并且细胞结构可以适应电渗析单元以增强难处理流体的处理。 控制器在不同的电气阶段设置工作电位,简单的控制参数可优化离子去除和电流效率,而无需流体的极化。 本发明还包括反转操作的阶段分阶段,以及适应处理单元以增强处理的单元结构或填充物。
    • 79. 发明授权
    • Robust jitter-free remote clock offset measuring method
    • 稳定无抖动的远程时钟偏移测量方法
    • US08139489B2
    • 2012-03-20
    • US12186588
    • 2008-08-06
    • Steven FroehlichMichel H. T. HackXiaoqiao MengLi Zhang
    • Steven FroehlichMichel H. T. HackXiaoqiao MengLi Zhang
    • G01R31/08
    • H04L43/087H04J3/0667H04L43/0858H04L43/106
    • A clock offset between a client and a server is measured by: (a) the client sending a request to the server; (b) upon receiving the request in step (a), the server optionally sending a server acknowledgement to the client; (c) upon the client receiving the server acknowledgement in step (b) or directly, if no acknowledgement was used, each of the client and the server proceeding to concurrently exchange their respective timestamps with each other a multiplicity (n) of times, thus forming a multiplicity (n) of timestamp exchanges; and (d) determining a plurality of apparent forwards and backwards delays based on the multiplicity (n) of timestamp exchanges. The preferred apparent forwards and backwards delays are then selected based on the minimum values (for each direction) determined in (d) above. The clock offset between client and server is then determined based on the preferred apparent forwards and backwards delays.
    • 客户端和服务器之间的时钟偏移是通过以下方式测量的:(a)客户端向服务器发送请求; (b)在步骤(a)中接收到请求后,服务器可选地向客户端发送服务器确认; (c)在客户端在步骤(b)中接收到服务器确认或直接接收到服务器确认,如果没有使用确认,则客户端和服务器中的每个客户端和服务器进行多次(n次)的同时交换它们各自的时间戳,从而 形成多个(n)时间戳交换; 和(d)基于时间戳交换的多重性(n)来确定多个明显的向前和向后的延迟。 然后根据上述(d)中确定的最小值(对于每个方向)选择优选的明显的向前和向后延迟。 然后基于优选的明显的向前和向后延迟来确定客户端和服务器之间的时钟偏移。
    • 80. 发明授权
    • Monolithically integrated multi-directional transceiver
    • 单片集成多方向收发器
    • US08131122B2
    • 2012-03-06
    • US12509453
    • 2009-07-25
    • Lei WangLi ZhangJian-Jun He
    • Lei WangLi ZhangJian-Jun He
    • G02B6/12H04B10/24
    • G02B6/12007B82Y20/00G02B6/4246G02B6/43H01S5/0262H01S5/1032H01S5/1071H01S5/3434H04B10/40H04J3/1694
    • An integrated single-fiber multi-directional transceiver such as a diplexer or triplexer for FTTH applications comprises at least a laser for transmitting a first signal at a first wavelength, a photodetector for receiving a second signal at a second wavelength, and a 2×2 optical coupler. The 2×2 optical coupler has four ports, of which port 1 connects to a fiber through an input/output waveguide, port 2 leads to the photodetector through another waveguide, port 3 and port 4 are connected with the gain waveguide and are placed inside the laser cavity. Light emitted by the gain waveguide inside the laser cavity at port 3 of the coupler is partially coupled to port 4 as a feedback for the laser and partially coupled to port 1 which couples to the optical fiber to transmit the first signal. On the other hand, the second signal at the second wavelength that is launched into the coupler from the input/output waveguide at port 1 is entirely coupled to port 2 that leads to the photodetector. The design allows both the transmitted and received signals to be directed to their intended destinations with minimal loss.
    • 诸如用于FTTH应用的双工器或三工器的集成单纤维多方向收发器至少包括用于传输第一波长的第一信号的激光器,用于接收第二波长的第二信号的光电检测器和2×2 光耦合器。 2×2光耦合器具有四个端口,其端口1通过输入/输出波导连接到光纤,端口2通过另一个波导通向光电检测器,端口3和端口4与增益波导连接并放置在 激光腔。 由耦合器的端口3处的激光腔内的增益波导发射的光部分地耦合到端口4作为用于激光器的反馈并部分耦合到端口1,端口1耦合到光纤以传输第一信号。 另一方面,从端口1处的输入/输出波导发射到耦合器的第二波长的第二信号完全耦合到通向光电检测器的端口2。 该设计允许发送和接收的信号以最小的损失被引导到其预定的目的地。