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61. 发明授权

US5016357A Artwork analysis device 失效
标题翻译：作品分析装置
公开(公告)号：US5016357A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-21
申请号：US530897
申请日：1990-05-30
申请人： Paulina K. Leonard
发明人： Paulina K. Leonard
IPC分类号： B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/149
摘要： A convenient and economical artwork analysis device that visually aids an observer in determining the existence of geometric interrelationships among the artistic elements making up a work of art. The device includes a transparent sheet of synthetic resin material, a plurality of opaque indicia impressed on the sheet presenting a plurality of geometric patterns with small indication circles surrounding and drawing attention to key points of intersection of the indicia. A handle is integral with the sheet for positioning the sheet in order to visually superimpose the indicia on the work of art to aid the observer in determining the existence of and analyzing geometric interrelationships among the artwork elements. In use, the observer holds the device to observe the work of art therethrough and to visually superimpose the indicia thereon.
摘要翻译：一种方便和经济的艺术品分析设备，可视化地帮助观察者确定构成艺术作品的艺术元素之间几何相互关系的存在。该装置包括合成树脂材料的透明片材，印在片材上的多个不透明标记，呈现出多个具有小指示圈的几何图案，并且提请注意标记的关键点。手柄与用于定位片材的片材成一体，以便将标记可视地叠加在艺术作品上，以帮助观察者确定艺术品元素之间的几何相互关系的存在和分析。在使用中，观察者保持装置观察艺术的作品，并在其上可视地叠加标记。

62. 发明授权

US4899454A Perspective drawing machine 失效
标题翻译：透视拉丝机
公开(公告)号：US4899454A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-13
申请号：US194246
申请日：1988-05-16
申请人： John G. R. Francis
发明人： John G. R. Francis
IPC分类号： B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/145
摘要： A drafting table includes vertical and horizontal straight edged supports together with drive mechanisms for moving the vertical straight edge such that it will always point to a viewing point and for moving the horizontal straight edges in plural different modes. In a first mode, the two horizontal straight edges are moved such that their edges always point to respective vanishing points. In a second mode the horizontal straight edges are moved such that one continues to point to a vanishing point while the other maintains a fixed angle with respect to horizontal, and so that their edges always intersect at a point along the line of view. The drive mechanisms for the horizontal straight edge supports can be disabled, reversed or their drive ratios changed in accordance with the particular drawing being made.
摘要翻译：牵伸台包括垂直和水平的直边支撑件以及用于移动垂直直边缘的驱动机构，使得它总是指向观察点并且以多种不同模式移动水平直边缘。在第一模式中，两个水平直边缘被移动，使得它们的边缘总是指向相应的消失点。在第二模式中，水平直边缘被移动，使得一个连续指向一个消失点，而另一个保持相对于水平方向的固定角度，并且使得它们的边缘总是在沿着视线的点相交。用于水平直边支撑件的驱动机构可以被禁用，反向或其驱动比根据具体图纸而改变。

63. 发明授权

US4601108A Spacer device 失效
标题翻译：间隔装置
公开(公告)号：US4601108A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US664522
申请日：1984-10-25
申请人： Neubert W. Swanson
发明人： Neubert W. Swanson
IPC分类号： B43L7/12 , B43L13/02 , B43L13/14 , B43L7/06 , G01C3/00
CPC分类号： B43L7/12 , B43L13/02 , B43L13/141 , B43L7/125
摘要： A spacer device for use in placing contour lines between known points of elevation when plotting stadia, in spacing of architectural units, and in making perspective drawings, includes a parallelogramic frame comprising a plurality of frame elements pivotally connected together at their respective ends. A single elongate filament is threaded through openings in an opposed pair of frame elements to arrange the filament in parallel equally spaced apart spacer elements. The spacing between adjacent spacer elements may be readily selectively varied by adjusting the parallelogramic frame to thereby facilitate interpolation when using the spacer device to make topographical contour maps, and the like.
摘要翻译：一种间隔装置，用于在描绘架构单位之间的架构，并且在制作透视图时，在已知的高度点之间放置轮廓线，包括平行四边形框架，该平行四边形框架包括在它们各自的端部枢转连接在一起的多个框架元件。单个细长丝线穿过相对的一对框架元件中的开口，以将细丝布置成平行间隔开的间隔元件。通过调整平行四边形框架可以容易地选择性地改变相邻的间隔元件之间的间隔，从而便于使用间隔装置进行外形轮廓图等时的内插。

64. 发明授权

US4367589A Drafting machine head 失效
标题翻译：起草机头
公开(公告)号：US4367589A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-11
申请号：US247794
申请日：1981-03-26
申请人： Joachim Mainka , Gerd Vogl
发明人： Joachim Mainka , Gerd Vogl
IPC分类号： B43L13/08 , B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/08
摘要： A drafting machine head in accordance with this invention is provided with a rotatable drawing ruler carrier whose angular position on a graduated circle is incrementally detected by means of scanning elements and is converted into displayable angular valves by an up/down counter, and with one or several electronic data stores, characterized in that it contains an electrically actuable locking unit (10, 11) for the rotary movement of the drawing ruler carrier (13), which unit is active in any angular position and is connected through an electronic comparator (25) to the data store or stores (23) in such a way that the valves detected on the graduated circle (12) and the valves contained in the data store (23) trigger the locking if they are in coincidence.By this means a drafting machine head is provided which can be set to a higher degree of accuracy and is less subject to wear than is known from the prior art.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的牵伸机头设置有可旋转的绘图尺托架，其在刻度圆上的角位置通过扫描元件递增地检测，并且通过向上/向下计数器被转换成可显示的角阀，并且具有一个或几个电子数据存储器，其特征在于，其包含用于拉伸尺托架（13）的旋转运动的电致动锁定单元（10,11），该单元在任何角度位置处于活动状态，并且通过电子比较器（25 ）以使得在刻度圆（12）上检测到的阀和包含在数据存储器（23）中的阀触发锁定的方式触发数据存储或存储（23），如果它们是重合的。通过这种方式，提供了一种牵伸机头，其可以被设置为比现有技术已知的更高的精度和更少的磨损。

65. 发明授权

US4178709A Machine for use in pictorial drafting 失效
标题翻译：机器用于图画起草
公开(公告)号：US4178709A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US702674
申请日：1976-07-06
申请人： Alan T. Ford , Norman G. Graf
发明人： Alan T. Ford , Norman G. Graf
IPC分类号： B43L13/14 , G09F11/18
CPC分类号： B43L13/14
摘要： A machine is provided for use by draftsmen, illustrators and artists in making various axonometric or three dimensional drawings, such as isometric, dimetric, trimetric as well as perspective views. The machine includes a flat working surface which supports drafting paper or the like placed thereon. Provided along the borders of the working surface and visible to the draftsman are changeable construction guide lines along with ellipse angle selection data by use of which the draftsman may prepare various types of three dimensional views. The construction guide reference lines in one embodiment are provided by means of a printed chart on a roll which moves under the working surface, and by moving the chart in one direction or the other the reference lines may be moved according to the requirements of the drawing to be made. Each roll may contain a number of different construction guide lines at different angles in order to make a wide variety of three dimensional views such as isometric, dimetric, trimetric and the like. When used to produce perspective illustrations, each group of depth of field lines is provided with corresponding ellipse angle information whereby three dimensional views may be prepared without the usual plotting requirements and a wide range of scale elevation, distance and perspective angle are readily available.
摘要翻译：提供了一个机器，供绘图员，插画师和艺术家使用，制作各种轴测或三维图纸，如等轴测图，三维测量，以及透视图。该机器包括一个平放的工作表面，其支撑放置在其上的牵伸纸等。沿着工作表面的边界提供并且对于绘图人员可见的是可变构造的引导线以及椭圆形角度选择数据，通过使用它们可以准备各种类型的三维视图。在一个实施例中的施工引导参考线通过在工作表面下移动的辊上的印刷图提供，并且通过沿一个方向或另一个方向移动图表可以根据图纸的要求移动参考线被制造。每个卷可以包含多个不同的构造引导线，以不同的角度进行各种各样的三维视图，例如等距，二进制，三角形等。当用于产生透视图时，每组景深线设置有相应的椭圆角度信息，从而可以在没有通常的绘图要求的情况下准备三维视图，并且可以容易地获得宽范围的刻度高程，距离和透视角。

66. 发明授权

US4166322A Rulers for making axonometric projection drawings 失效
标题翻译：制作轴突投影图纸的标尺
公开(公告)号：US4166322A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US831997
申请日：1977-09-09
申请人： Akira Hirano
发明人： Akira Hirano
IPC分类号： B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/14
摘要： A ruler of transparent material having a first edge parallel to one of the three main projection axes of an axonometric projection drawing and a second edge at a specified angle .gamma. with one of the remaining two main projection axes. The ruler is provided on its front surface with a standard line sloping at a specified inversion angle with respect to the first edge and another standard line sloping at the inclination angle of an orthographic projection drawing with respect to the bisector of the inversion angle. An axonometric projection drawing can be made with the use of the ruler from a plan view and a front or side view drawn by orthographic projection and placed on a drawing board as arranged in the orthographic drawing.
摘要翻译：透明材料的尺子具有平行于轴突投影图的三个主投影轴中的一个的第一边缘和以剩下的两个主投影轴之一以指定的角度γ的第二边缘。标尺在其前表面上以相对于第一边缘以指定的反转角度倾斜的标准线和相对于反转角度的平分线的正投影图的倾斜角倾斜的标准线。可以使用标尺从俯视图和由正投影绘制的前视图或侧视图进行轴突投影图，并将其放置在布置在正交图中的绘图板上。

67. 发明授权

US3708884A Method and apparatus for making stereoscopic drawings 失效
公开(公告)号：US3708884A
公开(公告)日：1973-01-09
申请号：US3708884D
申请日：1970-11-13
申请人： TURNER L
发明人： TURNER L
IPC分类号： B43L13/14 , B43L13/18
CPC分类号： B43L13/14
摘要： Stereoscopic drawings are made by arranging master plan and front view drawing in spaced, longitudinal alignment, mounting a tracing sheet over the master front view drawing for lateral movement relative thereto, tracing on the tracing sheet each point on the master front view drawing that lies on a selected reference line extending longitudinally between corresponding points on both master drawings, moving the tracing sheet laterally from the reference line a distance proportional to the distance from a point on the master plan view drawing lying on the reference line to another point on the master plan view drawing displaced longitudinally from the reference line point, tracing on the tracing sheet each point on the master front view drawing that lies on the longitudinal line extending through said other point on the master plan view drawing, and repeating the moving and subsequent tracing steps for other longitudinally displaced points on the master plan view drawing. Related spaced points thus traced then are interconnected by free-hand or instrumented drawing. The tracing sheet then is displaced laterally from the master front view drawing and both are viewed through a stereoscope to ascertain the completeness and accuracy of the tracing sheet drawing and correspondence of character with the master front view drawing. Apparatus for performing the foregoing method includes a drawing support for the master drawings, an open framework support for the tracing sheet mounted for lateral movement relative to the master front view drawing, a straight edge mounted for movement longitudinally relative to the master plan view drawing and adjustable cam means interconnecting the framework support and straight edge for simultaneous proportional movement. A stereoscope also is mounted above the drawing support for use in viewing both master front view drawing and tracing drawing when said drawings are displaced laterally relative to each other.

68. 发明授权

US3492727A Drafting equipment for use in preparing perspective drawings 失效
标题翻译：用于制作前景图的起草设备
公开(公告)号：US3492727A
公开(公告)日：1970-02-03
申请号：US3492727D
申请日：1969-02-07
申请人： JOHN H KLOK
发明人： KLOK JOHN H
IPC分类号： B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/142

69. 发明授权

US3483622A Drawing apparatus 失效
标题翻译：绘图设备
公开(公告)号：US3483622A
公开(公告)日：1969-12-16
申请号：US3483622D
申请日：1968-01-12
申请人： FRIDOLIN FORSTER
发明人： FORSTER FRIDOLIN
IPC分类号： B43L13/14 , B43L13/10 , B43L13/00
CPC分类号： B43L13/14

70. 发明授权

US3332152A Perspective machine 失效
标题翻译：透视机
公开(公告)号：US3332152A
公开(公告)日：1967-07-25
申请号：US45215465
申请日：1965-04-30
申请人： DRU ENTPR INC
发明人： SIDNEY DRU
IPC分类号： B43L13/14
CPC分类号： B43L13/141

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