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61. 发明授权

US09534306B2 Electrolytic generation of manganese (III) ions in strong sulfuric acid 有权
标题翻译：在强硫酸中电解生成锰（III）离子
公开(公告)号：US09534306B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-03
申请号：US13795382
申请日：2013-03-12
申请人： MacDermid Acumen, Inc.
发明人： Trevor Pearson , Terence Clarke , Roshan V. Chapaneri , Craig Robinson , Alison Hyslop , Amrik Singh
IPC分类号： C25B1/21 , C25C1/10 , C25C7/00 , C25B11/12 , C25B9/06 , C09K13/04 , C25D5/56
CPC分类号： C25D5/34 , C09K13/04 , C09K13/06 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/21 , C25B9/06 , C25B11/0415 , C25B11/0431 , C25B11/12 , C25B11/14 , C25C1/10 , C25C7/00 , C25D5/56
摘要： An electrolytic cell and a method of electrochemical oxidation of manganese(II) ions to manganese(III) ions in the electrolytic cell are described. The electrolytic cell comprises (1) an electrolyte solution of manganese(II) ions in a solution of at least one acid; (2) a cathode immersed in the electrolyte solution; and (3) an anode immersed in the electrolyte solution and spaced apart from the cathode. Various anode materials are described including vitreous carbon, reticulated vitreous carbon, woven carbon fibers, lead and lead alloy. Once the electrolyte is oxidized to form a metastable complex of manganese(III) ions, a platable plastic may be contacted with the metastable complex to etch the platable plastic. In addition, a pretreatment step may also be performed on the platable plastic prior to contacting the platable plastic with the metastable complex to condition the plastic surface.
摘要翻译：描述了一种电解槽和电解槽中锰（II）离子向锰（III）离子电化学氧化的方法。电解槽包括（1）在至少一种酸的溶液中的锰（II）离子的电解液; （2）浸入电解液中的阴极; 和（3）浸在电解质溶液中并与阴极间隔开的阳极。描述了各种阳极材料，包括玻璃碳，网状玻璃碳，编织碳纤维，铅和铅合金。一旦电解质被氧化形成锰（III）离子的亚稳态复合物，可镀的塑料可与亚稳态络合物接触以蚀刻可镀塑料。此外，还可以在将可镀塑料与亚稳态复合物接触之前在可镀塑料上进行预处理步骤以调节塑料表面。

62. 发明申请

US20160068974A1 CONTINUOUS CO-CURRENT ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE 审中-公开
标题翻译：二氧化碳的连续电流电化学还原
公开(公告)号：US20160068974A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-10
申请号：US14851745
申请日：2015-09-11
申请人： Mantra Energy Alternatives Ltd.
发明人： Colin Oloman , Hui Li
IPC分类号： C25B3/04 , C25B11/03 , C25B15/02 , C25B11/14 , C25B13/08 , C25B9/08 , C25B15/08 , C25B11/04
CPC分类号： C25B3/04 , B01D53/326 , B01D2257/504 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/162 , C25B11/035 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/0405 , C25B11/0447 , C25B11/0478 , C25B11/14 , C25B13/08 , C25B15/02 , C25B15/08 , Y02P20/152
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides electro-chemical processes for reduction of carbon dioxide, for example converting carbon dioxide to formate salts or formic acid. In selected embodiments, operation of a continuous reactor with a three dimensional cathode and a two-phase (gas/liquid) catholyte flow provides advantageous conditions for electro-reduction of carbon dioxide. In these embodiments, the continuous two-phase flow of catholyte solvent and carbon dioxide containing gas, in selected gas/liquid phase volume flow ratios, provides dynamic conditions that favour the electro-reduction of COs at relatively high effective superficial current densities and gas space velocities, with relatively low reactor (cell) voltages ( 0.1) may provide greater than equilibrium CO2 concentrations in the liquid phase, also facilitating relatively high effective superficial current densities. In some embodiments, these characteristics may for example be achieved at catholyte pH>7 and relatively low CO2 partial pressures (
摘要翻译：在各种实施方案中，本发明提供用于还原二氧化碳的电化学方法，例如将二氧化碳转化为甲酸盐或甲酸。在所选择的实施例中，具有三维阴极和两相（气/液）阴极电解液流的连续反应器的操作为二氧化碳的电还原提供了有利条件。在这些实施方案中，在选择的气/液相体积流量比中，连续两相含有气溶胶和二氧化碳气体的流动提供了有利于在较高有效表面电流密度和气体空间下电还原CO的动态条件速度，反应器（电池）电压相对较低（<10伏特）。在一些实施例中，阴极室（内部气体与液相体积比> 0.1）相当高的内部气体滞留可提供大于液相中的平衡CO 2浓度，并且还有助于相对高的有效表面电流密度。在一些实施方案中，这些特征可以例如在阴极电解液pH> 7和相对低的CO 2分压（<10巴）下实现。在一些实施方案中，这些特征可以例如在近绝热条件下实现，阴极电解液出口温度高达约80℃。

63. 发明申请

US20130281285A1 MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN NANOSTRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME 有权
标题翻译：钼和钨纳米结构及其制备和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20130281285A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：US13868030
申请日：2013-04-22
申请人： BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES, LLC
发明人： Sasaki KOTARO , Wei-Fu CHEN , James T. MUCKERMAN , Radoslav R. ADZIC
IPC分类号： H01M4/86
CPC分类号： C25B11/0452 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B21/0602 , C01B21/062 , C01B32/949 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2004/24 , C25B1/04 , C25B11/0478 , C25B11/12 , C25B11/14 , H01M4/8652 , Y02E60/366 , Y10S977/755 , Y10S977/896
摘要： The present invention provides molybdenum and tungsten nanostructures, for example, nanosheets and nanoparticles, and methods of making and using same, including using such nanostructures as catlysts for hydrogen evolution reactions.
摘要翻译：本发明提供钼和钨纳米结构，例如纳米片和纳米颗粒，以及制备和使用它们的方法，包括使用这样的纳米结构作为催化剂用于析氢反应。

64. 发明申请

US20110233071A1 ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD FOR REDUCING MOLECULAR OXYGEN 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于减少分子氧的电化学方法
公开(公告)号：US20110233071A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：US13131166
申请日：2009-12-05
申请人： Jens Assmann , Aurel Wolf , Leslaw Mileczko , Alexander Karpenko , Volker Michele
发明人： Jens Assmann , Aurel Wolf , Leslaw Mileczko , Alexander Karpenko , Volker Michele
IPC分类号： C25B1/02 , C25B9/08 , B82Y99/00
CPC分类号： C25B11/14 , B01J21/185 , B82Y30/00 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/46 , C25B9/08 , C25B15/00 , C25B15/02 , H01M12/06 , Y02E60/366
摘要： Electrochemical process for the reduction of molecular oxygen in alkaline solutions in the presence of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes, in which no hydrogen peroxide forms as a by-product of the reduction.
摘要翻译：用于在氮掺杂的碳纳米管存在下还原碱性溶液中的分子氧的电化学方法，其中没有过氧化氢作为还原的副产物形成。

65. 发明申请

US20110174633A1 FLOW-THROUGH-RESIN-IMPREGNATED MONOLITHIC GRAPHITE ELECTRODE AND CONTAINERLESS ELECTROLYTIC CELL COMPRISING SAME 有权
标题翻译：流通树脂印刷单晶石墨电极和包含其的不含电解质电池
公开(公告)号：US20110174633A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-21
申请号：US13075272
申请日：2011-03-30
申请人： Timothy Edward KEISTER
发明人： Timothy Edward KEISTER
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , B05D5/12 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/14 , H01G9/04
CPC分类号： C02F1/4674 , C02F1/46109 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2201/4613 , C02F2201/4615 , C02F2201/46165 , C02F2209/04 , C02F2301/066 , C02F2303/04 , C25B1/24 , C25B9/06 , C25B11/14
摘要： An electrolytic cell is provided that can include: a first electrode plate including a first surface that can include a graphite material; a second electrode plate including a second surface that can include a graphite material opposing the first surface; an electrolytic reaction zone between the first surface and the second surface; and an inlet to and an outlet from the electrolytic reaction zone. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can include resin-impregnated monolithic graphite plates. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can form opposite internal walls of a chamber for the electrolytic reaction and thus can be provided without a container for containing the electrode plates. Methods are also provided for flow-through-resin-impregnating porous, monolithic graphite plates to form electrode plates.
摘要翻译：提供一种电解槽，其可以包括：第一电极板，包括可包括石墨材料的第一表面; 包括第二表面的第二电极板，所述第二表面可以包括与所述第一表面相对的石墨材料; 第一表面和第二表面之间的电解反应区; 以及来自电解反应区的入口和出口。第一电极板和第二电极板可以包括浸渍树脂的单块石墨板。第一电极板和第二电极板可以形成用于电解反应的室的相对的内壁，并且因此可以提供用于容纳电极板的容器。还提供了用于流通树脂浸渍的多孔整体石墨板以形成电极板的方法。

66. 发明授权

US07927470B2 Flow-through-resin-impregnated monolithic graphite electrode and containerless electrolytic cell comprising same 有权
标题翻译：流通树脂浸渍的单片石墨电极和包含该电极的无容器电解池
公开(公告)号：US07927470B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-19
申请号：US11807402
申请日：2007-05-29
申请人： Timothy Edward Keister
发明人： Timothy Edward Keister
IPC分类号： C25B9/06
CPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B9/00 , C25B11/12 , C25B11/14
摘要： An electrolytic cell is provided that can include: a first electrode plate including a first surface that can include a graphite material; a second electrode plate including a second surface that can include a graphite material opposing the first surface; an electrolytic reaction zone between the first surface and the second surface; and an inlet to and an outlet from the electrolytic reaction zone. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can include resin-impregnated monolithic graphite plates. The first electrode plate and the second electrode plate can form opposite internal walls of a chamber for the electrolytic reaction and thus can be provided without a container for containing the electrode plates. Methods are also provided for flow-through-resin-impregnating porous, monolithic graphite plates to form electrode plates.
摘要翻译：提供一种电解槽，其可以包括：第一电极板，包括可包括石墨材料的第一表面; 包括第二表面的第二电极板，所述第二表面可以包括与所述第一表面相对的石墨材料; 第一表面和第二表面之间的电解反应区; 以及来自电解反应区的入口和出口。第一电极板和第二电极板可以包括浸渍树脂的单块石墨板。第一电极板和第二电极板可以形成用于电解反应的室的相对的内壁，并且因此可以提供用于容纳电极板的容器。还提供了用于流通树脂浸渍的多孔整体石墨板以形成电极板的方法。

67. 发明申请

US20070199828A1 Carbon Electrode For Generation Of Nitrogen Trifluoride Gas 有权
标题翻译：用于产生三氟化氮气体的碳电极
公开(公告)号：US20070199828A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-30
申请号：US11572938
申请日：2005-08-03
申请人： Akimasa Tasaka , Masashi Kodama , Udai Tanaka , Hitoshi Takebayashi , Tetsuro Tojo , Atsuhisa Mimoto
发明人： Akimasa Tasaka , Masashi Kodama , Udai Tanaka , Hitoshi Takebayashi , Tetsuro Tojo , Atsuhisa Mimoto
IPC分类号： C25B1/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/245 , C25B11/14
摘要： It is an object of the present invention to produce a carbon electrode having a texture with decreased pores and having relatively high mechanical strength by only being subjected to a process where a specified metal fluoride is mixed with a carbon material, then the mixture is baked, and to provide a carbon electrode for producing gaseous nitrogen trifluoride having a long life without the polarization of the carbon electrode even in any case of an NH4F—KF—HF series and an NH4F—HF series. The carbon electrode for producing gaseous nitrogen trifluoride of the present invention has a dense texture with an average pore size of 0.5 μm or less. It is preferable that the carbon electrode contains a carbonaceous material, and at least one of more kinds selected from magnesium fluoride and aluminum fluoride which have a melting point not lower than the baking temperature of the carbonaceous material. Also, it is preferable that the content of at least one of more kinds selected from the magnesium fluoride and the aluminum fluoride is 3 to 10 wt %.
摘要翻译：本发明的目的是通过仅将特定的金属氟化物与碳材料混合的方法制造具有孔隙减小和机械强度相对较高的织构的碳电极，然后将该混合物烘烤，并且即使在NH 4 F-KF-HF系列和NH 4系列的任何情况下，也可提供一种具有长寿命而不具有碳电极极化性的气态三氟化氮的碳电极 F-HF系列。本发明的生产气态三氟化氮的碳电极具有平均孔径为0.5μm以下的致密组织。优选碳电极含有碳质材料和熔点不低于碳质材料的烧成温度的氟化镁和氟化铝中的至少一种。此外，从氟化镁和氟化铝中选出的至少一种的含量优选为3〜10重量％。

68. 发明授权

US5069764A Carbon electrode having low polarizability 失效
标题翻译：具有低极性的碳电极
公开(公告)号：US5069764A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US389644
申请日：1989-08-04
申请人： Nobuatsu Watanabe , Tetsuro Tojo , Yong-bo Chong , Kenji Ikari
发明人： Nobuatsu Watanabe , Tetsuro Tojo , Yong-bo Chong , Kenji Ikari
IPC分类号： C25D17/10 , C04B41/50 , C25B11/06 , C25B11/14
CPC分类号： C25B11/14 , C04B41/5018
摘要： Disclosed is a carbon electrode having low polarizability, comprising a porous carbon block and, contained in the pores thereof, a metal fluoride mixture composed of LiF and a metal fluoride other than LiF. This carbon electrode can easily be obtained by a skillful impregnation method. When such a carbon electrode is used as an anode in electrolyzing an electrolyte comprising a mixed molten salt system of potassium fluoride and hydrogen fluoride in an electrolytic cell, polarization of the anode is extremely low and the anode effect is remarkably suppressed so that the electrolysis can stably be performed while exhibiting not only a high anodic current density but also a low voltage.

69. 发明授权

US5041195A Gold electrocatalyst, methods for preparing it, electrodes prepared therefrom and methods of using them 失效
标题翻译：金电催化剂，其制备方法，由其制备的电极及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5041195A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-20
申请号：US434898
申请日：1989-11-13
申请人： Earl J. Taylor , Gary A. Moniz
发明人： Earl J. Taylor , Gary A. Moniz
IPC分类号： B01J23/52 , B01J35/00 , C25B1/34 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/14 , H01M4/90
CPC分类号： C25B11/00 , B01J23/52 , B01J35/0013 , C25B1/34 , C25B11/035 , C25B11/0473 , C25B11/14 , H01M4/90
摘要： The disclosed electrocatalyst material is useful in electrodes, especially in cathodes for the reduction of oxygen or peroxide to water or hydroxide. The electrocatalyst typically comprises 0.1 to 20 weight-%, based on the weight of the material, of a supported particulate elemental gold wherein the particles are apparently crystalline in nature, apparently with exposed (100) faces, but smaller in size than 5 nanometers ( 0.7 volt vs. RHE at 200 mA/cm.sup.2, generally indicating a substantial proportion of four-electron change reactions when oxygen is being reduced. The electrodes (which are also useful as anodes in acid electrolytes) are made by impregnating the support material with a reducible gold compound dissolved in a polar solvent, gently evaporating the solvent, and chemically reducing the gold compound in situ at a moderate temperature with a flowing reducing gas (e.g. H.sub.2), then applying the resulting supported gold to a porous backing material. Typical gold content levels at the electrode surface are
摘要翻译：所公开的电催化剂材料可用于电极中，特别是用于将氧或过氧化物还原成水或氢氧化物的阴极。电催化剂通常包含0.1至20重量％的基于材料的重量的支撑的颗粒元素金，其中颗粒在性质上显然是结晶的，显然具有暴露的（100）面，但尺寸小于5纳米（ <50 ANGSTROM）。金的这些微小的单晶由碳背或颗粒状导电陶瓷状化合物负载，具有B.E.T. 表面积至少为50m2 / g。支撑的金单晶对于上述的还原似乎是选择性的，并且在空气或O 2阴极中的性能是显着的。在200mA / cm 2时，相对于RHE为0.7伏特，通常在氧气减少时表现出相当大的四电子变化反应比例。电极（其也可用作酸性电解质中的阳极）通过将溶解在极性溶剂中的可还原金化合物浸渍到载体材料中，轻轻蒸发溶剂并在中温下化学还原金化合物，流动的还原气体（例如H2），然后将所得的支撑金应用于多孔背衬材料。电极表面的典型金含量水平<2mg / cm2。本发明的阴极可用于各种类型的空气或氧去极化电池，碱性燃料电池，金属/空气电池，金属/ H 2 O 2电池，氧传感器，电化学苛性碱浓缩器等。

70. 发明授权

US4689124A Flow-through electrolytic cell 失效
公开(公告)号：US4689124A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-25
申请号：US926690
申请日：1986-11-04
申请人： Stephen A. Noding
发明人： Stephen A. Noding
IPC分类号： C25B3/00 , C25B9/16 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/14 , C25B15/08 , C25B3/02 , C25B3/04
CPC分类号： C25B11/035 , C25B11/14 , C25B15/08 , C25B3/00 , C25B9/16
摘要： A flow-through electrochemical cell for sequentially oxidizing and reducing an aryl compound. The cell includes a cell body forming a compartment to hold an aqueous electrolyte solution, a porous anodic electrode, and a porous cathodic electrode. The anodic electrode includes a first porous layer of a hydrophobic material, a second porous layer with an oxidation catalyst dispersed therein, and a current collector in electrical contact with the second layer. The cathodic electrode comprises a block of a porous, electrically-conductive material impregnated with lead particles. The cell is particularly useful for the preparation of aryl hydroquinones at very high current efficiencies, high current densities, and low voltages.

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