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61. 发明申请

US20160354048A1 DEPTH RESOLVED SCINTILLATION DETECTOR ARRAY IMAGING APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：深度分辨率扫描检测器阵列成像装置及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20160354048A1
公开(公告)日：2016-12-08
申请号：US15243772
申请日：2016-08-22
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , G01T1/20 , A61N5/10
摘要： The invention comprises a method or apparatus for tomographically imaging a sample, such as a tumor of a patient, using positively charged particles. Position, energy, and/or vectors of the positively charged particles are determined using a plurality of scintillators, such as layers of chemically distinct scintillators where each chemically distinct scintillator emits photons of differing wavelengths upon energy transfer from the positively charged particles. Knowledge of position of a given scintillator type and a color of the emitted photon from the scintillator type allows a determination of residual energy of the charged particle energy in a scintillator detector. Optionally, a two-dimensional detector array additionally yields x/y-plane information, coupled with the z-axis energy information, about state of the positively charged particles. State of the positively charged particles as a function of relative sample/particle beam rotation is used in tomographic reconstruction of an image of the sample or the tumor.
摘要翻译：本发明包括用于使用带正电荷的颗粒层析成像样品（例如患者的肿瘤）的方法或装置。带正电荷的颗粒的位置，能量和/或载体使用多个闪烁体确定，例如化学上不同的闪烁体的层，其中每个化学不同的闪烁体在从带正电的颗粒转移能量时发射不同波长的光子。了解闪烁体类型的给定闪烁体类型的位置和发射的光子的颜色允许确定闪烁体检测器中的带电粒子能量的剩余能量。任选地，二维检测器阵列附加地产生与z轴能量信息耦合的x / y平面信息关于带正电荷的颗粒的状态。在样品或肿瘤图像的断层重建中使用带正电荷的粒子作为相对样品/粒子束旋转的函数的状态。

62. 发明申请

US20160339272A1 ION BEAM EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：离子束提取装置及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20160339272A1
公开(公告)日：2016-11-24
申请号：US15228626
申请日：2016-08-04
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato , James P. Bennett
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato , James P. Bennett
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/1081 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4216 , A61B6/4258 , A61B6/5205 , A61N5/1039 , A61N5/1067 , A61N5/107 , A61N5/1077 , A61N5/1082 , A61N2005/1054 , A61N2005/1087 , A61N2005/1095 , A61N2005/1097 , G21K1/08 , G21K5/04
摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for extracting ions from an ion source, such as for use in cancer treatment or tomographic imaging. The extraction apparatus uses a triode extraction system, with the ion source and/or first electrode held at a first potential; an extraction electrode held at a second potential; and a gating electrode, positioned between the ion source and the extraction electrode, oscillating and/or alternating between a first suppression potential proximate that of the ion source potential and a second extraction potential between the ion source potential and the extraction electrode potential. Optionally, the ion source comprises an electron cyclotron resonance ion source.
摘要翻译：本发明包括其用于从离子源提取离子的装置和方法，例如用于癌症治疗或断层摄影成像。提取装置使用三极管提取系统，其中离子源和/或第一电极保持在第一电位; 保持在第二电位的提取电极; 位于离子源和提取电极之间的选通电极，在靠近离子源电位的第一抑制电位和离子源电位与提取电极电势之间的第二提取电位之间振荡和/或交替。任选地，离子源包括电子回旋共振离子源。

63. 发明授权

US11643706B2 Rare earth oxide to rare earth extraction apparatus and method of use thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US11643706B2
公开(公告)日：2023-05-09
申请号：US16523974
申请日：2019-07-26
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
IPC分类号： C22B59/00 , C22B5/12
CPC分类号： C22B59/00 , C22B5/12
摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the sequential steps of: (1) reducing temperature about the rare earth oxide to less than zero degrees Celsius; (2) reducing pressure to boil off contaminant water in a powder sample of the rare earth oxide at a molecular escape velocity not disturbing the powdered rare earth oxide; and (3) heating the rare earth oxide to greater than 1000° C. in the presence hydrogen gas while optionally: (1) collecting and determining mass of a water product to determine a consumption mass of the starting hydrogen gas in a main reaction process using the equation RE2O3+3H2→2RE+3H2O, wherein “RE” comprises at a rare earth and (2) injecting replacement hydrogen gas into the main reaction chamber up to the consumption mass.

64. 发明申请

US20210025025A1 RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 有权
公开(公告)号：US20210025025A1
公开(公告)日：2021-01-28
申请号：US16523970
申请日：2019-07-26
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
IPC分类号： C22B5/12 , C22B59/00 , B01J19/00
摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the steps of: (1) dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the associated rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process; (2) driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, where the reaction comprises: RE2O3+3H2→2RE+3H2O, where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide; and/or (3) monitoring the reaction process by monitoring generation of at least one of the rare earth and the water in a control system designed for continuous/semi-continuous operation.

65. 发明授权

US10684380B2 Multiple scintillation detector array imaging apparatus and method of use thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US10684380B2
公开(公告)日：2020-06-16
申请号：US15240974
申请日：2016-08-18
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
IPC分类号： G01T1/00 , G01T1/29 , A61B6/00 , A61N5/10 , A61B6/03 , G21K5/04 , G21K1/093 , A61B6/04
摘要： Generally, a method or apparatus for tomographically imaging a sample, such as a tumor of a patient, using positively charged particles positions n two-dimensional detector arrays on n surfaces of a scintillation material or scintillator, respectively. Resultant from energy transfer from the positively charged particles, secondary photons are emitted from the scintillation material and detected by the plurality of two-dimensional detector arrays, where each detector array images the scintillation material. Combining signals from the plurality of two-dimensional detector arrays, the path, position, energy, and/or state of the positively charged particle beam as a function of time and/or rotation of the patient relative to the positively charged particle beam is determined and used in tomographic reconstruction of an image of the sample or the tumor.

66. 发明申请

US20200038681A1 ORTHOGONAL DOUBLE DIPOLE CANCER THERAPY TREATMENT BEAM SCANNING APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20200038681A1
公开(公告)日：2020-02-06
申请号：US16601592
申请日：2019-10-15
申请人： Faye Hendley Elgart , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , Nandish Desai , W. Davis Lee
发明人： Faye Hendley Elgart , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , Nandish Desai , W. Davis Lee
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , H01J37/08
摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for scanning charged particles in a cancer therapy system, comprising the steps of: (1) providing a first and second dipole magnet system and a gap, the gap comprising a common gap length, along a path of the charged particles, within both the first and second dipole magnet systems, the gap comprising a progressively increasing x/y-plane cross-section area from an entrance area of the charged particles into the double dipole magnet system to an exit area of the double dipole magnet system, the x/y-plane perpendicular to a z-axis from a center of the entrance area to a center of the exit area; (2) scanning the positively charged particles along a first axis of the x/y-plane using the first dipole magnet system; and (3) scanning the positively charged particles along a second axis of the x/y-plane using the second dipole magnet system.

67. 发明授权

US10518109B2 Transformable charged particle beam path cancer therapy apparatus and method of use thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US10518109B2
公开(公告)日：2019-12-31
申请号：US15459854
申请日：2017-03-15
申请人： Jillian Reno , Susan L. Michaud , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , W. Davis Lee , James P. Bennett
发明人： Jillian Reno , Susan L. Michaud , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , W. Davis Lee , James P. Bennett
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , A61B6/03 , A61B6/00 , G21K1/08 , G21K5/04
摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for determining a radiation beam treatment path to a tumor, comprising the steps of: (1) delivering charged particles from an accelerator, along a first beam transport path, through an output nozzle, and along a treatment path to the tumor relative to a calibrated reference beam path from the output nozzle toward a patient position and (2) prior to the step of delivering, a main controller verifying an unobstructed linear path of the treatment path using a set of fiducial indicators positioned at least: on a first element physically affixed and co-movable with the output nozzle and on a moveable object in the treatment room. Optionally, voxels of the treatment beam path and potentially obstructing objects are defined in the treatment room using an axis system relative to the calibrated reference beam path and a reference beam point.

68. 发明申请

US20190351259A1 ION BEAM KINETIC ENERGY DISSIPATER APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190351259A1
公开(公告)日：2019-11-21
申请号：US16526868
申请日：2019-07-30
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , A61B6/00 , G21K5/04 , A61B6/03 , G21K1/10
摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for reducing a kinetic energy of positively charged particles, comprising the steps of: (1) transporting the positively charged particles from an accelerator into an exit nozzle system along a beam line; (2) providing a first chamber of the exit nozzle system, the first chamber comprising: an incident side comprising an incident aperture, an exit side comprising an exit aperture, and a beam path of the positively charged particles from the incident aperture to the exit aperture; (3) filling the beam path in the chamber with a liquid; and (4) using the liquid to reduce the kinetic energy of the positively charged particles. The kinetic energy dissipater is optionally used in combination with a proton therapy cancer treatment system and/or a proton tomography imaging system.

69. 发明申请

US20190351258A1 DOUBLE DIPOLE CANCER THERAPY TREATMENT BEAM SCANNING APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190351258A1
公开(公告)日：2019-11-21
申请号：US16526978
申请日：2019-07-30
申请人： Faye Hendley Elgart , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , Nandish Desai , W. Davis Lee
发明人： Faye Hendley Elgart , Nick Ruebel , Mark R. Amato , Nandish Desai , W. Davis Lee
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , G21K1/093 , A61B6/03 , G21K5/04 , G21K1/087
摘要： The invention comprises a method and apparatus for steering/scanning charged particles, comprising: a double dipole scanning system, comprising: (1) a beam path chamber comprising an entrance side and an exit side, the entrance side comprising a smaller area than the exit side; (2) a first dipole magnet, the first dipole magnet comprising a first coil and a third coil on first opposite sides of the beam path chamber; and (3) a second dipole magnet, the second dipole magnet comprising a second coil and a fourth coil on second opposite sides of the beam path chamber, the beam path chamber further comprising a truncated square/rectangle pyramid shape, the smaller entrance side of the charged particles comprising a top of the truncated pyramid shape, the exit side of the charged particles comprising a larger bottom of the truncated pyramid shape.

70. 发明授权

US10279198B2 Scintillation array apparatus and method of use thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US10279198B2
公开(公告)日：2019-05-07
申请号：US15868966
申请日：2018-01-11
申请人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato , Stephen L. Spotts , James P. Bennett
发明人： W. Davis Lee , Mark R. Amato , Stephen L. Spotts , James P. Bennett
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , G21K5/04 , A61B6/03 , G21K1/093 , A61B6/00 , A61B6/04 , G01N23/046
摘要： A scintillation material is longitudinally packaged in a circumferentially surrounding sheath, where the sheath has a lower index of refraction than the scintillation material, to form a scintillation optic or scintillation fiber optic. The scintillation material yields secondary photons upon passage of a charged particle beam, such as a positively charged residual particle beam having transmitted through a sample. The internally generated secondary photons within the sheath are guided to a detector element by the difference in index of refraction. Multiple scintillation optics are assembled to form a two-dimensional scintillation array coupled to a two-dimensional detector array, such as for use in determination of state of the residual charged particle beam, determination of an exit point of the particle beam from the sample, path of the treatment beam, and/or tomographic imaging.

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