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61. 发明授权

US07181269B1 Implantable device that diagnoses ischemia and myocardial infarction and method 有权
标题翻译：诊断缺血和心肌梗死的植入式装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US07181269B1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-20
申请号：US10823427
申请日：2004-04-12
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61B5/0472 , A61N1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/3627
摘要： An implantable device detects and discriminates between ischemia and myocardial infarction. The device includes a plurality of electrodes that provide a plurality of cardiac activity sensing electrode configurations. A sensing circuit provides a plurality of electrograms in response to cardiac activity sensed by the electrode configurations. A discriminator detects and discriminates between ischemia and myocardial infarction responsive to ST segments of the electrograms. The device may further discriminate an equivocal condition and initiate a secondary analysis for diagnosing spasm, anxiety, or exercised induced ischemia.
摘要翻译：可植入装置检测和鉴别局部缺血和心肌梗塞。该装置包括提供多个心脏活动感测电极配置的多个电极。感测电路响应于由电极配置感测的心脏活动而提供多个电描记图。鉴别器根据电描记图的ST段检测并区分局部缺血和心肌梗死。该装置可以进一步区分不明确的状况，并启动用于诊断痉挛，焦虑或锻炼的诱发缺血的二次分析。

62. 发明授权

US07177684B1 Activity monitor and six-minute walk test for depression and CHF patients 有权
标题翻译：抑郁症和CHF患者的活动监测和6分钟步行测试
公开(公告)号：US07177684B1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US10613136
申请日：2003-07-03
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Bruce Kleine
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Bruce Kleine
IPC分类号： A61B5/11
CPC分类号： A61B5/16 , A61B5/1112 , A61B5/165 , A61B5/686 , A61B2562/0219
摘要： An implantable device that can automatically monitor and record patient activity as sensed by an activity monitor. In certain variations, the activity monitor can include an accelerometer providing three-axis acceleration signals and in other variations the activity sensor can include a position sensor, such as a GPS receiver. The implantable device automatically determines if patient activity exceeds a determined threshold and monitors and records a total equivalent distance traveled for a determined period, which may be set equal to a standard measure such as a six minute period. The device can monitor and record multiple periods of activity and the periods may be consecutive, overlapping, and/or separate in time. The device may store all activity records or selected records which may correspond to daily, weekly, or other periodic maxima.
摘要翻译：一种可以自动监测和记录活动监视器感测到的患者活动的植入式装置。在某些变型中，活动监视器可以包括提供三轴加速度信号的加速度计，并且在其它变化中，活动传感器可以包括诸如GPS接收器的位置传感器。可植入装置自动确定患者活动是否超过确定的阈值，并监视并记录一段确定时间段内的总等效距离，该距离可设定为等于六分钟周期的标准度量。设备可以监视和记录多个活动周期，并且时间段可以是连续的，重叠的和/或分开的。设备可以存储可对应于每日，每周或其他周期性最大值的所有活动记录或所选择的记录。

63. 发明授权

US07155277B1 Pathway management for CHF patients 有权
标题翻译： CHF患者的途径管理
公开(公告)号：US07155277B1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-26
申请号：US10370125
申请日：2003-02-18
申请人： James E. Brewer , Mark W. Kroll , Scott H. Simcoe
发明人： James E. Brewer , Mark W. Kroll , Scott H. Simcoe
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0031 , A61N1/3625 , A61N1/3627 , G06F19/00 , G06F19/3418 , G06F19/3456 , G06F19/3481 , G16H10/60
摘要： An exemplary system and/or method allows for automated and/or semi-automated treatment of CHF, for example, via a pathway. Various exemplary systems and/or methods include a server and/or a client for creating, implementing and/or maintaining a CHF pathway. An exemplary client has a communication link with an implantable cardiac device for communicating one or more operational parameters to the implantable cardiac device and/or receiving information from the implantable cardiac device. Other exemplary systems and/or methods are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：示例性的系统和/或方法允许例如通过途径自动化和/或半自动化治疗CHF。各种示例性系统和/或方法包括用于创建，实施和/或维护CHF路径的服务器和/或客户端。示例性客户端具有与可植入心脏设备的通信链路，用于将一个或多个操作参数传送到可植入心脏设备和/或从可植入心脏设备接收信息。还公开了其它示例性系统和/或方法。

64. 发明授权

US07113822B1 System and method for providing cardioversion therapy and overdrive pacing using an implantable cardiac stimulation device 有权
标题翻译：使用可植入心脏刺激装置提供心脏复律治疗和超速起搏的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07113822B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-26
申请号：US10374835
申请日：2003-02-25
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3621 , A61N1/3624 , A61N1/395 , A61N1/3962
摘要： Techniques are provided for coordinating the delivery of cardioversion therapy and overdrive pacing therapy to the heart of a patient, primarily to prevent the re-occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) following a cardioversion shock. Included are techniques for modulating the aggressiveness of overdrive pacing by adjusting the magnitude of overdrive pulses or by changing the electrodes with which overdrive pacing pulses are generated. In one example, three phases or “tiers” of AF suppression therapy are provided: cardioversion therapy; far-field dynamic atrial overdrive (DAO) pacing; and near-field DAO pacing. Briefly, a cardioversion shock is delivered to the heart of the patient in response to the detection of AF, then smoothed, far-field overdrive pacing pulses are delivered using widely-spaced electrodes for a period of two minutes while the magnitude of the pulses is gradually reduced. Finally, near-field overdrive pacing pulses are delivered more or les continuously until another episode of AF is detected.
摘要翻译：提供技术用于协调心脏复律治疗和超速起搏治疗到患者心脏的输送，主要是为了防止心律转复休克后心房颤动（AF）再次发生。包括通过调节过驱动脉冲的幅度或通过改变产生过驱动起搏脉冲的电极来调制过驱动起搏的侵略性的技术。在一个实例中，提供AF抑制治疗的三个阶段或“层级”：心脏复律治疗; 远场动态心房超速（DAO）起搏; 和近场DAO起搏。简而言之，响应于AF的检测，心脏复律冲击被传送到患者的心脏，然后使用广泛间隔的电极递送平滑的远场超速起搏脉冲两分钟的时间，而脉冲的幅度为逐渐减少最后，近场超速起搏脉冲连续输送，直到检测到另一发作。

65. 发明授权

US07103412B1 Implantable cardiac stimulation device and method for detecting asymptomatic diabetes 有权
标题翻译：植入式心脏刺激装置及无症状性糖尿病检测方法
公开(公告)号：US07103412B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-05
申请号：US10429133
申请日：2003-05-02
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61B5/076 , A61B5/0468 , A61B5/14532 , A61N1/3702 , A61N1/37258
摘要： An implantable cardiac stimulation device for determining whether a patient has asymptomatic diabetes. A pulse generator delivers pacing pulses to the heart. A sensing circuit senses internal cardiac signals. A processor is programmed to measure at least one characteristic of the cardiac signals, which are processed to determine whether the patient has asymptomatic diabetes. Relative changes in the measured characteristics over time are indicative of whether the patient has asymptomatic diabetes. The measured characteristics may include, alone or in combination, T-wave morphology, corrected QT internal, QT dispersion and signal averaged QRS width.
摘要翻译：一种可植入心脏刺激装置，用于确定患者是否患有无症状的糖尿病。脉冲发生器向心脏输送起搏脉冲。感测电路感测内部心脏信号。处理器被编程为测量心脏信号的至少一个特征，其被处理以确定患者是否具有无症状的糖尿病。测量特征随时间的相对变化表明患者是否患有无症状的糖尿病。测量的特征可以单独地或组合地包括T波形态，校正的QT内部，QT色散和信号平均QRS宽度。

66. 发明授权

US07072712B2 Disposable external defibrillator with hinged housing halves 失效
标题翻译：一次性外部除颤器，带铰链外壳半部
公开(公告)号：US07072712B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-04
申请号：US10171904
申请日：2002-06-13
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Kai Kroll , Karl J. F. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Kai Kroll , Karl J. F. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1/375
CPC分类号： H01M10/4257 , A61N1/39 , A61N1/3975 , H01M2/1022 , H01M6/36 , H01M10/4264
摘要： A pocket-sized disposable cardiac defibrillator relies on the use on a split unit packaging design to decrease the size.
摘要翻译：袖珍尺寸的一次性心脏除颤器依赖于分割单元包装设计上的使用来减小尺寸。

67. 发明授权

US07016720B2 System and method for monitoring blood glucose levels using an implantable medical device 有权
公开(公告)号：US07016720B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-21
申请号：US10277467
申请日：2002-10-21
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61B5/0402
CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 , A61B5/0452 , A61N1/362 , A61N1/3702
摘要： T-wave amplitude and QT interval are derived from patient cardiac signals. Then blood glucose levels are determined based on a combination of the T-wave amplitude and the QT interval. By using a combination of both T-wave-based and QT interval-based signals, blood glucose levels can be reliably detected throughout a wide range of blood glucose levels. Once the blood glucose level has been detected, the implanted device compares the blood glucose level against upper and lower acceptable bounds and appropriate warning signals are generated if the level falls outside the bounds. In one example, wherein an implantable insulin pump is additionally provided, the pump is controlled based on the detected blood glucose level to maintain glucose levels within an acceptable range. A calibration technique is also provided for determining patient-specific parameters for use in the detection of blood glucose levels.

68. 发明授权

US07006867B1 Methods and apparatus for overdrive pacing multiple atrial sites using an implantable cardiac stimulation device 失效
标题翻译：使用可植入心脏刺激装置超速起搏多个心房部位的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07006867B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10192933
申请日：2002-07-09
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1/365
CPC分类号： A61N1/3622
摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed herein that advantageously combine beneficial aspects of overdrive pacing and multi-site atrial pacing in order to provide an improved treatment for atrial fibrillation. The methods and apparatus include sensing of atrial activity at multiple sites within the atria at an overdrive pacing rate to detect intrinsic atrial depolarization, and delivery of pacing pulses to multiple sites within the atria to prevent or terminate arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation.
摘要翻译：本文公开的方法和装置有利地结合了过度起搏起搏和多部位心房起搏的有益方面，以提供改善的心房颤动治疗。所述方法和装置包括以超速起搏速率在心房内的多个部位处感测心房活动以检测内在的心房去极化，以及将起搏脉冲递送到心房内的多个部位以预防或终止心律失常如心房颤动。

69. 发明授权

US06826427B1 Methods and devices for inhibiting battery voltage delays in an implantable cardiac device 有权
标题翻译：用于抑制可植入心脏装置中的电池电压延迟的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06826427B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US10054468
申请日：2002-01-18
申请人： Timothy A. Fayram , Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Timothy A. Fayram , Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3975 , A61N1/3962
摘要： A battery of a cardiac stimulation device may experience voltage delay problems caused by a passivation layer that forms on the anode of the battery. To inhibit voltage delay, the battery is periodically used to charge the capacitor to a partial charge. Both the charge time and the interval between charges can be adjusted to reduce the power consumption required to inhibit battery voltage delay.
摘要翻译：心脏刺激装置的电池可能经历由在电池的阳极上形成的钝化层引起的电压延迟问题。为了抑制电压延迟，电池被周期性地用于对电容器进行部分充电。可以调节充电时间和充电间隔，以减少电池电压延迟所需的功耗。

70. 发明授权

US06775571B1 Dynamic control of overdrive pacing based on degree of randomness within heart rate 有权
公开(公告)号：US06775571B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-10
申请号：US10017837
申请日：2001-12-12
申请人： Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1365
CPC分类号： A61N1/3622
摘要： A degree of randomness associated with the heart rate of the patient is determined based on an analysis of electrical heart signals. The degree of randomness may be determined, for example, based on a degree of entropy or a chaos dimensionality associated with heart rate. If the degree of randomness falls below a threshold value, indicating that the heart rate may be too coherent, a warning signal is generated indicating a significant risk of onset of a tachyarrhythmia. To prevent the tachyarrhythmia from occurring, overdrive pacing is initiated or, if already initiated, the overdrive pacing is made more aggressive. In a related technique, chaotic pacing is performed to ensure a sufficient heart rate variability.

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