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61. 发明授权

US07696134B2 Unsaturated fatty acids and mineral oils as internal breakers for VES-gelled fluids 有权
标题翻译：不饱和脂肪酸和矿物油作为VES凝胶液的内部破碎剂
公开(公告)号：US07696134B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US11849780
申请日：2007-09-04
申请人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
发明人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
IPC分类号： C09K8/60 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C09K8/602 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of a synergistic internal breaker composition that contains at least one first internal breaker that may be a mineral oil and a second breaker that may be an unsaturated fatty acid. The internal breakers may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. This combination of different types of internal breakers break the VES-gelled aqueous fluid faster than if one of the breaker types is used alone in an equivalent total amount.
摘要翻译：用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以通过协同内部破碎剂组合物的直接或间接作用使其粘度降低（凝胶破裂），其包含至少一种可以是矿物油的第一内部破碎剂，以及可以是矿物油的第二破碎剂不饱和脂肪酸。内部破碎机最初可以将油滴分散在流体的内部不连续相中。不同类型的内部破碎机的这种组合使得VES胶凝的水性流体比单独使用其中一种断路器类型的等效总量更快。

62. 发明申请

US20080296024A1 Procedures and Compositions for Reservoir Protection 有权
标题翻译：水库保护程序和组成
公开(公告)号：US20080296024A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-04
申请号：US11754786
申请日：2007-05-29
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： E21B37/08
CPC分类号： C09K8/506 , C09K8/68 , E21B33/138 , E21B37/08 , E21B43/11
摘要： A flow conduit having at least one orifice is placed in the vicinity of a flow source, which in one non-limiting embodiment may be a hydrocarbon reservoir. The flow pathway between the orifice and the source is temporarily blocked with a degradable barrier. Once the flow pathway is physically placed, the degradable barrier is removed under the influence of an acid, a solvent, time and/or temperature. The flow source and the flow pathways are at least partially covered (and flow blocked by) a temporary coating such as a pseudo-filter cake formed by a viscoelastic surfactant-gelled aqueous drill-in fluid, and the flow conduit is extended to the flow source. The pseudo-filter cake is removed when viscosity is reduced by an internal breaker, and flow is then allowed. The method is useful in one context of recovering hydrocarbons where the flow conduit is a telescoping sleeve or tube that contacts the borehole wall.
摘要翻译：具有至少一个孔口的流动管道被放置在流动源附近，在一个非限制性实施例中可以是烃储存器。孔和源之间的流动路径暂时被可降解的屏障阻挡。一旦流动路径物理放置，可降解屏障在酸，溶剂，时间和/或温度的影响下被去除。流动源和流动通道至少部分地被覆盖（并且流动阻塞）临时涂层，例如由粘弹性表面活性剂凝胶化的水性钻入流体形成的假滤饼，并且流动管道延伸到流动资源。当通过内部断路器降低粘度时，去除伪滤饼，然后允许流动。该方法在回收烃的一个上下文中是有用的，其中流动管道是与井眼壁接触的伸缩套筒或管。

63. 发明授权

US08815089B2 Wastewater purification with nanoparticle-treated bed 有权
标题翻译：用纳米颗粒处理床进行废水净化
公开(公告)号：US08815089B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-26
申请号：US13542887
申请日：2012-07-06
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： B01D39/06
CPC分类号： B01J20/22 , B01J20/0211 , B01J20/0244 , B01J20/041 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/08 , B01J20/28004 , B01J20/28007 , B01J20/3204 , B01J20/3236 , B01J20/3289 , B01J20/3425 , B01J20/3433 , B01J20/3475 , B01J2220/46 , B01J2220/66 , B82Y30/00 , C02F1/001 , C02F1/281 , C02F1/288 , C02F2101/32 , C02F2303/18 , C02F2305/08 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/259
摘要： Nanoparticle-treated particle packs, such as sand beds, may effectively filter and purify liquids such as waste water. When tiny contaminant particles in waste water flow through the particle pack, the nanoparticles will capture and hold the tiny contaminant particles within the pack due to the nanoparticles' surface forces, including, but not necessarily limited to van der Waals and electrostatic forces. Coating agents such as alcohols, glycols, polyols, vegetable oil, and mineral oils may help apply the nanoparticles to the particle surfaces in the filter beds or packs.
摘要翻译：纳米颗粒处理的颗粒包装，例如砂床，可以有效地过滤和净化诸如废水的液体。当废水中的微小污染物颗粒流过粒子包时，由于纳米颗粒的表面力，纳米颗粒将捕获并保持微粒污染物颗粒，包括但不一定限于范德华力和静电力。包衣剂如醇，二醇，多元醇，植物油和矿物油可以帮助将纳米颗粒施加到过滤床或包装中的颗粒表面。

64. 发明授权

US08544565B2 Lost circulation control fluids for naturally fractured carbonate formations 有权
$Lost circulation control fluids for naturally fractured carbonate formations$
标题翻译：天然裂缝碳酸盐岩层的循环控制流体失控
公开(公告)号：US08544565B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12907529
申请日：2010-10-19
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , David E. Clark
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , David E. Clark
IPC分类号： E21B21/00 , E21B33/138 , C09K8/06
CPC分类号： C09K8/508 , C09K8/12 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Compositions including relatively low reactivity acids and having a pH of from about 2 to about 5, mixed with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) and internal breakers may serve as fluids, in a non-limiting embodiment as drilling fluids, to open underground hydrocarbon reservoirs with carbonate contents of 10 wt % or above. The fluids initially have low viscosities. After the fluid flows out of the drill bit, the acids react with carbonates in the formation thereby increasing the pH of the fluids causing the VES to gel the fluid at the bottom of the hole and within the formation rock. Even when the subterranean formation contains naturally-occurring fractures, the viscosified fluid will reduce fluid loss into the formation. After drilling through the targeted formation, internal breakers in the viscosified fluids will break down the fluids to permit their removal, and production of the well with very little or no near well bore damage.
摘要翻译：与粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和内部破碎剂混合的包含相对较低反应性酸和约2至约5的pH的组合物在非限制性实施方案中可用作钻井液，用碳酸盐开放地下储层含量10重量％以上。液体最初具有低粘度。在流体从钻头流出之后，酸与地层中的碳酸盐反应，从而增加流体的pH，导致VES凝结孔底部和地层岩内的流体。即使当地下地层含有天然裂缝时，粘稠流体也会减少流体进入地层的流失。在通过目标地层钻井后，粘稠流体中的内部破碎物将分解流体，以允许其移除，并且井的产生很少或没有接近井眼损坏。

65. 发明授权

US08430165B2 Increasing the viscosity of viscoelastic fluids 有权
标题翻译：增加粘弹性流体的粘度
公开(公告)号：US08430165B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12783190
申请日：2010-05-19
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , Gaurav Agrawal
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , Gaurav Agrawal
IPC分类号： E21B43/26
CPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/06 , C09K8/40 , C09K8/506 , C09K8/52 , C09K8/602 , C09K2208/30
摘要： In hydrocarbon recovery applications, viscoelastic surfactant (VES) gelled fluids may be preheated to a temperature that will increase viscosity of the VES gelled fluid. The preheated VES gelled fluid retains at least a portion of its preheated viscosity when cooled such as by introduction into a low temperature condition. In an embodiment, the VES gelled fluid may be a drilling fluid, completion fluid, or fracturing fluid, and the low temperature condition may be an offshore operation, an operation in a locality having a cold climate, and/or a shallow oil, gas, or both land-based operation where the formation temperature is 120° F. or less. The surfactant in the VES gelled fluid may be one or more of an amine, amine salt, quaternary ammonium salt, betaine, amidoamine oxide, amine oxide, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译：在烃回收应用中，粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）胶凝液体可以预热到将增加VES凝胶流体粘度的温度。预热的VES凝胶流体在冷却时保持其预热粘度的至少一部分，例如通过引入低温条件。在一个实施方案中，VES凝胶化流体可以是钻井液，完井流体或压裂流体，并且低温条件可以是海上操作，具有寒冷气候的区域中的操作和/或浅油，气体或地层温度为120°F以下的陆基作业。 VES凝胶化流体中的表面活性剂可以是胺，胺盐，季铵盐，甜菜碱，酰氨基氧化胺，氧化胺及其组合中的一种或多种。

66. 发明申请

US20130090270A1 Method to Complex Metals in Aqueous Treating Fluids for Ves-Gelled Fluids 有权
标题翻译：用于Ves凝胶液的水处理液中的复合金属的方法
公开(公告)号：US20130090270A1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-11
申请号：US13270025
申请日：2011-10-10
申请人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
发明人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
IPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/86 , C09K8/58 , B82Y30/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/665 , B82Y30/00 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/70 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Aqueous treating fluids may include a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) and an aqueous base fluid, e.g. a drilling fluid, whereby the VES may increase and/or maintain the viscosity of the aqueous treating fluid. Metal ions may be present within the aqueous treating fluid that break, reduce, and/or digest the VES within the aqueous treating fluid. An effective amount of complexation particles may be added to the aqueous treating fluid for complexing at least a portion of these metal ions and thereby disallowing the metal ions from breaking, reducing, and/or altering the VES within the aqueous treating fluid.
摘要翻译：水性处理流体可以包括粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和碱性水溶液，例如水。钻井液，其中VES可以增加和/或维持水性处理流体的粘度。金属离子可能存在于含水处理流体中，破坏，减少和/或消除水处理流体内的VES。可以向水性处理流体中加入有效量的络合颗粒，以使至少一部分这些金属离子络合，从而不允许金属离子破坏，还原和/或改变水处理流体中的VES。

67. 发明申请

US20110224110A1 Particles in Oil for Viscoelastic Surfactant Gelled Fluids 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于粘弹性表面活性剂凝胶液的油中的颗粒
公开(公告)号：US20110224110A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-15
申请号：US13113375
申请日：2011-05-23
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： C09K8/82
CPC分类号： C09K8/506 , C09K8/5045 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their fluid loss properties improved with the presence of at least one mineral oil in combination with at least one particulate fluid loss control agent that may be an alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof. The mineral oil may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. In one non-limiting embodiment, the mineral oil is added to the fluid after it has been substantially gelled. The particulate fluid loss control agent may be added in any order relative to the VES and the mineral oil fluid loss control agent. The mineral oil may enhance the ability of a particulate fluid loss control agent to reduce fluid loss. The presence of the mineral oil may also eventually reduce the viscosity of the VES-gelled aqueous fluid.
摘要翻译：用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以使至少一种矿物油与至少一种颗粒状流体损失控制剂（其可以是碱土金属氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物，过渡金属）金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物及其混合物。矿物油可以最初分散在液体的内部不连续相中。在一个非限制性实施方案中，矿物油在其基本上凝胶化之后加入到流体中。颗粒状流体损失控制剂可以相对于VES和矿物油损失控制剂以任何顺序加入。矿物油可以增强颗粒状流体损失控制剂减少流体损失的能力。矿物油的存在也可能最终降低VES-凝胶水溶液的粘度。

68. 发明授权

US07967068B2 Particles in oil for viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids 有权
标题翻译：用于粘弹性表面活性剂凝胶液的油中的颗粒
公开(公告)号：US07967068B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US12047090
申请日：2008-03-12
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C09K8/506 , C09K8/5045 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their fluid loss properties improved with the presence of at least one mineral oil in combination with at least one particulate fluid loss control agent that may be an alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof. The mineral oil may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. In one non-limiting embodiment, the mineral oil is added to the fluid after it has been substantially gelled. The particulate fluid loss control agent may be added in any order relative to the VES and the mineral oil fluid loss control agent. The mineral oil may enhance the ability of a particulate fluid loss control agent to reduce fluid loss. The presence of the mineral oil may also eventually reduce the viscosity of the VES-gelled aqueous fluid.
摘要翻译：用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以使至少一种矿物油与至少一种可能是碱土金属氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物，过渡金属的颗粒状流体损失控制剂金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物及其混合物。矿物油可以最初分散在液体的内部不连续相中。在一个非限制性实施方案中，矿物油在其基本上凝胶化之后加入到流体中。颗粒状流体损失控制剂可以相对于VES和矿物油损失控制剂以任何顺序加入。矿物油可以增强颗粒状流体损失控制剂减少流体损失的能力。矿物油的存在也可能最终降低VES-凝胶水溶液的粘度。

69. 发明申请

US20110083902A1 Lost Circulation Control Fluids for Naturally Fractured Carbonate Formations 有权
标题翻译：自然裂缝碳酸盐岩层的失控循环控制流体
公开(公告)号：US20110083902A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12907529
申请日：2010-10-19
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , David E. Clark
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews , David E. Clark
IPC分类号： C09K8/02 , E21B21/00 , E21B7/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/508 , C09K8/12 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Compositions including relatively low reactivity acids and having a pH of from about 2 to about 5, mixed with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) and internal breakers may serve as fluids, in a non-limiting embodiment as drill-in fluids, to open underground hydrocarbon reservoirs with carbonate contents of 10 wt % or above. The fluids initially have low viscosities. After the fluid flows out of the drill bit, the acids react with carbonates in the formation thereby increasing the pH of the fluids causing the VES to gel the fluid at the bottom of the hole and within the formation rock. Even when the subterranean formation contains naturally-occurring fractures, the viscosified fluid will reduce fluid loss into the formation. After drilling through the targeted formation, internal breakers in the viscosified fluids will break down the fluids to permit their removal, and production of the well with very little or no near well bore damage.
摘要翻译：与粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和内部破碎剂混合的包含相对较低反应性酸并具有约2至约5的pH的组合物在非限制性实施方式中可作为钻井液用于开放地下储层碳酸盐含量为10重量％以上。液体最初具有低粘度。在流体从钻头流出之后，酸与地层中的碳酸盐反应，从而增加流体的pH，导致VES凝结孔底部和地层岩内的流体。即使当地下地层含有天然裂缝时，粘稠流体也会减少流体进入地层的流失。在通过目标地层钻井后，粘稠流体中的内部破碎物将分解流体，以允许其移除，并且井的产生很少或没有接近井眼损坏。

70. 发明申请

US20100314113A1 Dual-Functional Breaker for Hybrid Fluids of Viscoelastic Surfactant and Polymer 有权
标题翻译：用于粘弹性表面活性剂和聚合物的混合流体的双功能断路器
公开(公告)号：US20100314113A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12815796
申请日：2010-06-15
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： E21B43/25 , C09K8/64
CPC分类号： C09K8/64 , C09K8/516 , C09K8/536 , C09K8/602 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/24 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Incorporating water-based polymer breakers, such as oxidizers, enzymes and/or acids, into a mixture of an oil and oil-soluble surfactants creates an emulsion that can then perform as a dual-functional breaker for reducing the viscosity of hybrid fluids gelled with both a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) and a polymer. The outer phase of the dual-functional breaker emulsion is oil, e.g. a mineral oil, containing an oil-soluble surfactant that will, over time and with heat, break the VES portion of the gel. As it does so, the polymer breaker in the internal aqueous phase will be released to then break the polymer portion of the gel. The polymer breaker will not start to break the polymer gel before the oil-soluble surfactant starts to break the VES gel. The overall breaking using the emulsion is slower as compared to introducing the polymer breaker and the oil-soluble surfactant in a non-emulsified form.
摘要翻译：将诸如氧化剂，酶和/或酸的水基聚合物破碎剂掺入油和油溶性表面活性剂的混合物中产生乳液，然后可以将其作为双功能断裂剂，以降低胶体化的混合流体的粘度粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和聚合物。双功能破乳剂乳液的外相是油，例如油。一种矿物油，含有油溶性表面活性剂，随着时间的推移和热量将会破坏凝胶的VES部分。如此，内部水相中的聚合物破碎剂将被释放，然后破坏凝胶的聚合物部分。在油溶性表面活性剂开始破坏VES凝胶之前，聚合物破乳剂不会开始破裂聚合物凝胶。与以非乳化形式引入聚合物破乳剂和油溶性表面活性剂相比，使用乳液的整体破坏较慢。

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