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51. 发明授权

US5406246A Temperature sensor and method for producing temperature sensor elements 失效
标题翻译：温度传感器和温度传感器元件的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5406246A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US971778
申请日：1993-02-12
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Harald Neumann
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Harald Neumann
IPC分类号： G01K7/18 , G01K7/22 , H01C7/02 , H01C7/10 , H01C1/012
CPC分类号： G01K7/18 , Y10T29/49085
摘要： A positive temperature coefficient temperature sensor for use in exhaust-gas systems of internal-combustion engines includes a sensor element having a multilayer laminate composite structure with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, formed by at least two resistor tracks arranged one above another and electrically insulated from one another. One of the layers of the multilayer structure is an insulating ceramic base film, and a first one of the at least two resistor tracks, with a supply lead, is printed onto the insulating ceramic base film. A second one of the at least two resistor tracks is disposed separately on the insulating ceramic base film by means of at least one insulating layer printed above the first one of the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks disposed one above another are connected by a land guided through the at least one insulating layer. A further film is subsequently laminated on the surface of the insulating ceramic base film printed with the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks are hermetically sealed by the laminate composite structure with respect to a gas being measured and environmental air.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00601 Sec。 371日期：1993年2月12日 102（e）日期1993年2月12日PCT 1991年7月25日PCT公布。出版物WO92 / 03711 日本3月5日，1992年。用于内燃机废气系统的正温度系数温度传感器包括具有正温度系数热敏电阻的多层层压复合结构的传感器元件，该正温度系数热敏电阻由至少两个电阻轨道排列一个在另一个之上并且彼此电绝缘。多层结构的层之一是绝缘陶瓷基膜，并且具有供电引线的至少两个电阻轨道中的第一个被印刷到绝缘陶瓷基膜上。所述至少两个电阻轨道中的第二个通过至少一个印刷在所述至少两个电阻轨迹中的所述至少两个电阻轨迹上的绝缘层分开设置在所述绝缘陶瓷基底膜上。一个上面设置的至少两个电阻轨道通过穿过至少一个绝缘层引导的平台连接。随后，在印刷有至少两个电阻轨道的绝缘陶瓷基底膜的表面上层压另外的膜。至少两个电阻轨道相对于被测量的气体和环境空气被叠层复合结构气密密封。

52. 发明授权

US5098549A Sensor element for limiting current sensors for determining the .lambda. value of gas mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于限制用于确定气体混合物（（LAMBDA））值的电流传感器的传感器元件
公开(公告)号：US5098549A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US490667
申请日：1990-02-27
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Grunwald
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Grunwald
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01N27/30 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/419
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , G01N27/4072
摘要： A sensor element for limiting current sensors for determining the .lambda. value of gas mixtures is proposed which has two interconnected inner pump electrodes (8 and 8') disposed opposite each other in a diffusion channel (7). The resulting increase of the effective surface at the beginning of the inner electrodes markedly reduces the disadvantageous electrode polarization which occurs in sensor elements having only one inner pump electrode. At the same time, a better utilization of the noble metal required to form the pump electrodes is achieved.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE88 / 00512 Sec。 371日期1990年2月27日第 102（e）1990年2月27日PCT PCT公布1988年8月20日。出版物WO89 / 02074 提出了一种用于限制用于确定气体混合物的λ值的电流传感器的传感器元件，其具有在扩散通道（7）中彼此相对设置的两个互连的内部泵浦电极（8和8'）。内部电极开始时的有效表面的增加显着地减少了仅具有一个内部泵电极的传感器元件中出现的不利的电极极化。同时，可以更好地利用形成泵电极所需的贵金属。

53. 发明授权

US4356628A Method to render accessible an electrical contact region of a composite element 失效
标题翻译：使复合元件的电接触区域可触及的方法
公开(公告)号：US4356628A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US193187
申请日：1980-10-01
申请人： Klaus Muller , Karl-Hermann Friese , Gerhard Holfelder
发明人： Klaus Muller , Karl-Hermann Friese , Gerhard Holfelder
IPC分类号： G01N27/00 , G01N27/12 , G01N27/409 , H05K1/03 , H05K1/11 , H01R43/00
CPC分类号： H05K1/117 , H05K1/0306 , H05K2201/09109 , H05K2201/0919 , Y10T29/49211
摘要： To permit easy attachment, for example, by soldering, of a connecting lead wire to a conductive track on a ceramic plate connected closely adjacent to another plate which may also be ceramic, the first ceramic plate, at least, is bent away from the other ceramic plate at the connecting portion during manufacture; the manufacturing process includes heating the plate to be bent away to be in plastic condition and then applying a bending force to form the bend, permitting the so bent plate to cool, and joining the so-bent plate to the other plate with which it is to form a composite, for example, by glass melt. The bending force may be gravity, by permitting the unsintered plate, upon heating, to fall on a curved surface; or the bending force can be generated by applying a layer of a material having differential shrinkage to the flat, unsintered plate, and heating the composite, so that, upon differential shrinkage, the ceramic plate will be bent away from its originally plane, flat state.
摘要翻译：为了容易地将连接引线容易地连接到与也可以是陶瓷的另一个板紧密连接的陶瓷板上的导电轨道上，第一陶瓷板至少被弯曲远离另一个陶瓷板在制造过程中在连接部分; 制造工艺包括将待弯曲的板加热至处于塑性状态，然后施加弯曲力以形成弯曲部，从而允许弯曲板冷却，并将如此弯曲的板接合到另一个板以形成例如玻璃熔体的复合材料。弯曲力可以是重力，通过允许未烧结板在加热时落在弯曲表面上; 或者通过向平坦的未烧结板施加具有不同收缩的材料的层并且加热复合材料，可以产生弯曲力，使得当差分收缩时，陶瓷板将从原来的平面弯曲，平坦状态。

54. 发明授权

US4347113A Oxygen content exhaust gas sensor, and method of its manufacture 失效
标题翻译：含氧废气传感器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4347113A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-31
申请号：US133811
申请日：1980-03-25
申请人： Hermann Fischer , Karl-Hermann Friese , Hans-Ulrich Gruber , Wolfgang Heinemann , Gunter Knoll , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Rainer Noack , Leo Steinke , Lothar Weber , Helmut Weyl
发明人： Hermann Fischer , Karl-Hermann Friese , Hans-Ulrich Gruber , Wolfgang Heinemann , Gunter Knoll , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Rainer Noack , Leo Steinke , Lothar Weber , Helmut Weyl
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , H01M4/88 , H01M8/12 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 , G01N27/4078 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8885 , H01M4/9066 , H01M8/1213 , H01M4/905 , Y02P70/56
摘要： To improve operation and output voltage, particularly at 400.degree. C. and less, an oxygen sensor, especially adapted to determine oxygen content of automotive exhaust gases, is constructed by utilizing two electrodes applied on a body of stabilized zirconium dioxide, for example a closed tube, by making an electrode exposed to the exhaust gases in form of a mixture of finely dispersed ceramic material and a platinum-rhodium alloy, the ceramic material being present at about 40% (by volume) and 60% (by volume) platinum-rhodium alloy of 50-94% platinum and 50-6% rhodium (by weight). The second electrode, exposed to a reference gas comprises an alloy of palladium and another noble metal in a ratio of about 19-90% (by weight) Pd and 81-10% (by weight) noble metal. This electrode may also contain up to 40% (by volume) finely dispersed ceramic material. The electrode exposed to the exhaust gases is covered with a porous coating. The electrodes can be applied as aqueous or organic solutions of soluble noble metal compounds or suspensions, colloidal suspensions, with organic solvents, and the like, and subsequent sintering.
摘要翻译：为了提高操作和输出电压，特别是在400℃以下，特别适用于测定汽车废气氧含量的氧气传感器是通过利用施加在稳定二氧化锆体上的两个电极构成的，例如封闭的通过使电极以细分散的陶瓷材料和铂 - 铑合金的混合物的形式暴露于废气，陶瓷材料以约40％（体积）和60％（体积）的铂 - 铑合金为50-94％铂和50-6％铑（重量）。暴露于参考气体的第二电极包括钯和另一贵金属的合金，其比例为约19-90％（重量）的Pd和81-10％（重量）的贵金属。该电极还可以含有高达40％（体积）的细分散的陶瓷材料。暴露于废气的电极被多孔涂层覆盖。电极可以作为可溶性贵金属化合物或悬浮液，胶体悬浮液，有机溶剂等的水溶液或有机溶液，以及随后的烧结。

55. 发明授权

US4283261A Electrochemical sensor structure to determine oxygen content in combustion exhaust gases 失效
标题翻译：电化学传感器结构来确定燃烧废气中的氧含量
公开(公告)号：US4283261A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US100256
申请日：1979-12-04
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071
摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.
摘要翻译：为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子电连接器或插头。加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

56. 发明授权

US4265724A Electrochemical sensor, particularly oxygen sensor to determine exhaust gas composition from automotive internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：电化学传感器，特别是氧传感器，用于确定汽车内燃机的废气组成
公开(公告)号：US4265724A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US54784
申请日：1979-07-05
申请人： Wolf-Dieter Haecker , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bernhard Topp
发明人： Wolf-Dieter Haecker , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bernhard Topp
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075
摘要： To improve adhesion of a porous cover layer over a platinum or platinum-rhodium electrode layer on a solid electrolyte body, for example of stabilized zirconium dioxide, the electrode layer is applied in form of interrupted, adjacent strips leaving gaps exposing the solid electrolyte body therebeneath. The porous cover layer will adhere well to the solid electrolyte body, thus protecting both the electrode and the cover layer against flaking off under high-temperature and temperature variation conditions. The sensitivity can be improved by interposing a layer of ceramic mixed with platinum or a platinum rhodium between the solid electrolyte body and at least some of the electrode strips, the adhesion of the porous cover layer over the interposed thick-film layer, where exposed between the portions of the electrode on the solid electrolyte body being sufficient for the intended purpose.
摘要翻译：为了改善多孔覆盖层在固体电解质体上的铂或铂 - 铑电极层上的粘附性，例如稳定的二氧化锆，电极层以间断的相邻条带的形式施加，留下暴露其下的固体电解质体的间隙。多孔覆盖层将很好地粘附到固体电解质体上，从而在高温和温度变化条件下保护电极和覆盖层免于剥落。可以通过在固体电解质体和至少一些电极条之间插入与铂或铂铑混合的陶瓷层，在多孔覆盖层附着在所插入的厚膜层上，其中暴露在固体电解质体上的电极部分足以达到预定目的。

57. 发明授权

US3978006A Methods for producing oxygen-sensing element, particularly for use with internal combustion engine exhaust emission analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于生产氧气感应元件的方法，特别适用于内燃机废气排放分析
公开(公告)号：US3978006A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-31
申请号：US508250
申请日：1974-09-23
申请人： Bernhard Topp , Horst Neidhard , Rudolf Pollner , Karl-Hermann Friese
发明人： Bernhard Topp , Horst Neidhard , Rudolf Pollner , Karl-Hermann Friese
IPC分类号： B01J35/00 , C04B35/486 , G01N27/407 , F01N3/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 , C04B35/486 , G01N27/4077
摘要： Methods for making an exhaust-gas-sensing element which is an oxygen concentration cell having a solid electrolyte with an electron-conductive surface on the side exposed to the reference air and a catalytic electron-conductive layer containing micro pores which extend through to the solid electrolyte on the other surface which is adapted to be exposed to the exhaust gases. The electron-conductive catalytic layer is covered with a porous protective layer. The method comprising applying the catalytic layer by means of thin layer techniques and then heating to form the micro pores; or by applying a paste comprising ceramic particles, catalytic particles and a thinning oil and sintering.
摘要翻译：制造排气检测元件的方法，该废气感测元件是具有在暴露于参考空气的一侧具有电子传导表面的固体电解质的氧浓度单元和包含延伸到固体的微孔的催化电子传导层在另一表面上的适于暴露于废气的电解质。电子传导催化剂层被多孔保护层覆盖。该方法包括通过薄层技术涂覆催化剂层，然后加热形成微孔; 或者通过施加包含陶瓷颗粒，催化颗粒和稀释油并烧结的糊料。

58. 发明授权

US6074694A Process of applying material, in particular for the production of electrodes for exhaust gas sensors 失效
标题翻译：施加材料的方法，特别是用于生产废气传感器的电极
公开(公告)号：US6074694A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US827679
申请日：1997-04-10
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Siegfried Nees , Frank Stanglmeier , Hans Baumann
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Siegfried Nees , Frank Stanglmeier , Hans Baumann
IPC分类号： B05D5/12 , B05B7/08 , B05B7/14 , B05B13/06 , B05B15/00 , B05D7/00 , C04B41/45 , C04B41/81 , G01N27/407 , H05K3/12 , B05D1/02 , B05D3/12
CPC分类号： B05B7/1436 , B05B13/0645 , B05B13/069 , B05B15/003 , B05B7/0807 , C04B41/4535 , C04B41/81 , G01N27/4075 , H05K3/1241
摘要： A process for applying materials to a carrier, for which the material is atomized just prior to applying it by compressed air that is supplied separately. The process is particularly suited for the application of electrically conductive material to carriers of ceramics materials.
摘要翻译：将材料施加到载体上的方法，在将载体分开供给的压缩空气施加之前，材料被雾化。该方法特别适用于将导电材料应用于陶瓷材料的载体。

59. 发明授权

US4393282A Electrode for ignition systems 失效
标题翻译：点火系统用电极
公开(公告)号：US4393282A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-12
申请号：US245170
申请日：1981-03-18
申请人： Werner Grunwald , Ernst Zehender , Karl-Hermann Friese , Jurgen Schmatz , Hans Neu , Kuno Kirner , Bernd Schumacher
发明人： Werner Grunwald , Ernst Zehender , Karl-Hermann Friese , Jurgen Schmatz , Hans Neu , Kuno Kirner , Bernd Schumacher
IPC分类号： F02P7/02 , H01H19/00
CPC分类号： F02P7/025
摘要： The part of the distributor electrode in the breakdown region has a resistance of at least 400 ohms per millimeter. The total resistance of the electrode is in the range of between 0.5 and 1.0 kilo-ohms. The material is a mixture of a resistive ceramic material and a finely dispersed additive of metallic conductivity. Arrangements for creating surface discharge gaps thereby slowing down the sparking process and decreasing interference are also illustrated.
摘要翻译：击穿区域中的分配器电极的部分具有至少400欧姆/毫米的电阻。电极的总电阻在0.5-1.0千欧的范围内。该材料是电阻陶瓷材料和金属导电性的细分散添加剂的混合物。还示出了用于产生表面放电间隙的布置，从而减慢了火花过程并降低了干扰。

60. 发明授权

US4354912A Solid electrochemical sensor 失效
标题翻译：固体电化学传感器
公开(公告)号：US4354912A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US113407
申请日：1980-01-18
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , C04B35/48 , C04B35/486 , C04B37/02 , C04B41/70 , G01N27/407 , H01M8/12 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4073 , C04B35/486 , C04B37/025 , G01N27/4071 , H01M8/12 , C04B2237/064 , C04B2237/068 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/348 , C04B2237/765 , Y02P70/56
摘要： To improve current loading of the electrodes and thus improve the start-up operation of an electrochemical system which includes a solid electrolyte body, particularly at temperatures in the order of about 300.degree. C., the solid electrolyte body and the electrode layer thereover has an intermediate coating of fully stabilized zirconium dioxide applied; for example partially stabilized zirconium dioxide is fully stabilized in its surface region by yttrium or ytterbium oxide. This intermediate layer, while improving the current carrying capability of electrodes applied thereover, additionally prevents the occurrence of damage to the microstructure of partially stabilized solid electrolyte ceramic, particularly under changeable temperature loading, so that, if the solid electrolyte body essentially entirely consists of partially stabilized ceramic, the additional fully stabilized coating or surface zone can also be provided where the solid electrolyte body does not carry an electrode layer. The fully stabilized coating or layer - which may be a surface zone of the partially stabilized body - can be obtained by coating the partially stabilized body with a stabilization oxide which, in a heat treatment, is then diffused into the surface zone; or an aqueous suspension of about 92 mol-% ZrO.sub.2 and 8 mol-% Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 or 8 mol-% Yb.sub.2 O.sub.3 can be applied, by spraying, dipping, or the like; up to 3% (by weight) of sinter-active Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is preferably added in order to improve sintering activity of the layer, over which, where desired, an electrode layer or a composite cermet electrode layer can be applied.
摘要翻译：为了改善电极的电流负载，从而改善包括固体电解质体的电化学系统的启动操作，特别是在约300℃左右的温度下，固体电解质体和其上的电极层具有施加完全稳定的二氧化锆的中间涂层; 例如部分稳定的二氧化锆通过钇或氧化镱在其表面区域中完全稳定。该中间层在提高其上施加的电极的载流能力的同时，另外防止了对部分稳定的固体电解质陶瓷的微结构的损害，特别是在可变温度负载下的发生，使得如果固体电解质体基本上完全由部分也可以在固体电解质体不携带电极层的情况下提供额外的完全稳定的涂层或表面区域。完全稳定的涂层或层 - 其可以是部分稳定体的表面区域 - 可以通过用稳定化氧化物涂覆部分稳定的体来获得，其在热处理中然后扩散到表面区域中; 或者通过喷涂，浸渍等可以施加约92mol％ZrO 2和8mol％Y 2 O 3或8mol％Yb 2 O 3的水悬浮液; 为了提高层的烧结活性，优选添加高达3重量％的烧结活性Al 2 O 3，根据需要，可以在其上施加电极层或复合金属陶瓷电极层。

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