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    • 51. 发明授权
    • Encoding optimization techniques for encoding program grid section of server-centric interactive programming guide
    • 编码优化技术编码方案网格部分以服务器为中心的交互式编程指南
    • US07254824B1
    • 2007-08-07
    • US09583388
    • 2000-05-30
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriJohn P. ComitoEdward A. LudvigHarold P. Yocom
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriJohn P. ComitoEdward A. LudvigHarold P. Yocom
    • H04N7/10
    • H04N21/235H04N5/4401H04N5/44504H04N5/44543H04N5/45H04N7/17318H04N19/61H04N21/234336H04N21/4312H04N21/4314H04N21/434H04N21/435H04N21/4821
    • An interactive program guide (IPG) may include a program grid section and a multimedia section. The program grid section typically contains program information organized in a grid with a time axis and a channel axis. The multimedia section may include video for advertisement, previews, and other purposes. Such an IPG may be rendered and encoded at a server and distributed to client terminals in the form of compressed bit streams.For certain IPGs, the program grid section may comprise alternating stripes of background with different shades (lighter/darker) or different colors. Typically, the alternating background stripes may be used to visually separate text information into timeslots or channels.Blank areas of the background may be “skip” encoded to “save” a portion of the bit rate. Meanwhile, the quantizer stepsize for encoding that section may be lowered so as to utilize the saved bits to improve the viewing quality of the program grid section. Additionally or alternatively, the quantization matrix for encoding the program grid section may be optimized for encoding text (rather than being, for example, a standard quantization matrix).Encoding may be performed on the program grid section such that encoded macroblocks do not cross a border between two stripes. In other words, each encoded macroblock in the program grid section may be within a single stripe. Additionally or alternatively, low-pass frequency filtering may be applied on the background stripes. Such low-pass filtering reduces visual defects due to ringing from edges between stripes.
    • 交互式节目指南(IPG)可以包括节目网格部分和多媒体部分。 节目网格部分通常包含组织在具有时间轴和频道轴的网格中的节目信息。 多媒体部分可以包括用于广告,预览和其他目的的视频。 这样的IPG可以在服务器处呈现和编码,并以压缩比特流的形式分发给客户终端。 对于某些IPG,程序网格部分可以包括具有不同色调(较亮/较暗)或不同颜色的背景的交替条纹。 通常,交替的背景条纹可用于将文本信息视觉上分离成时隙或信道。 背景的空白区域可以被编码为“保存”比特率的一部分的“跳过”。 同时,用于编码的量化器步骤可以降低该部分,以便利用保存的比特来改善节目网格部分的观看质量。 附加地或替代地,用于编码节目网格部分的量化矩阵可以被优化用于编码文本(而不是例如是标准量化矩阵)。 可以在节目网格部分上执行编码,使得编码的宏块不跨越两个条纹之间的边界。 换句话说,程序网格部分中的每个编码的宏块可以在单个条带内。 另外或替代地,低通滤波可以应用在背景条纹上。 这种低通滤波减少了由于条纹之间的边缘的振铃导致的视觉缺陷。
    • 53. 发明授权
    • Latency reduction in providing interactive program guide
    • 延迟减少提供交互式节目指南
    • US06968567B1
    • 2005-11-22
    • US09466987
    • 1999-12-10
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriEdward A. LudvigEugene GershteinJeremy S. EdmondsJohn P. Comito
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriEdward A. LudvigEugene GershteinJeremy S. EdmondsJohn P. Comito
    • G06F3/00G06F13/00H04N5/445H04N7/24
    • H04N21/235H04N5/4401H04N5/44543H04N5/45H04N21/23614H04N21/4348H04N21/435H04N21/472H04N21/482H04N21/84
    • Techniques presented reduce latencies or delays in the delivery of an interactive program guide. In accordance with a first technique, a method for providing an interactive program guide comprises: providing a plurality of transport streams; providing a group of interactive guide pages within each said transport stream, where the group of interactive guide pages comprise related pages. In accordance with a second technique, a method for providing an interactive program guide comprises: forming a first transport stream including video packets with a first set of packet identifiers; and forming a second transport stream including video packets with a second set of packet identifiers, where the first set of packet identifiers and the second set of packet identifiers include a common packet identifier. In accordance with a third technique, a method for providing an interactive program guide comprises: providing an interactive guide page which may be navigated by a viewer; providing a threshold within the interactive guide page; and if the threshold is crossed during navigation of the page by the viewer, then requesting a next interactive guide page.
    • 提供的技术减少了交付节目指南的延迟或延迟。 根据第一技术,用于提供交互式节目指南的方法包括:提供多个传输流; 在每个所述传输流中提供一组互动指南页面,其中该组互动指南页面包括相关页面。 根据第二技术,提供交互式节目指南的方法包括:用第一组分组标识符形成包括视频分组的第一传输流; 以及形成包括具有第二组分组标识符的视频分组的第二传输流,其中所述第一组分组标识符和所述第二组分组标识符包括公共分组标识符。 根据第三技术,提供交互式节目指南的方法包括:提供可由观看者导航的交互式指南页面; 在交互指南页面内提供一个阈值; 并且如果观看者在页面的导航期间越过阈值,则请求下一个交互式指南页面。
    • 56. 发明授权
    • Picture-in-picture and multiple video streams using slice-based encoding
    • 使用基于片段编码的画中画和多视频流
    • US06481012B1
    • 2002-11-12
    • US09454216
    • 1999-12-09
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriEdward A. LudvigEugene GershteinJeremy S. EdmondsJohn P. Comito
    • Donald F. GordonSadik BayrakeriEdward A. LudvigEugene GershteinJeremy S. EdmondsJohn P. Comito
    • H04N5445
    • H04N5/44543H04N5/4401H04N5/45H04N21/23412H04N21/234318H04N21/235H04N21/23608H04N21/23614H04N21/2365H04N21/4316H04N21/4347H04N21/4348H04N21/435H04N21/4351H04N21/44012H04N21/44016H04N21/47205H04N21/482H04N21/8146H04N21/816H04N21/84
    • Methods for slice-based encoding of program guides and user interfaces. The program guides include multiple video streams for picture-in-picture and other applications. A method for encoding the program guide includes encoding a first set of slices for each of a plurality of graphics pages; and encoding a second set of slices for each of a plurality of video streams. The user interfaces are multi-functional and may be used for electronic commerce and other applications. A method of generating the user interface includes encoding a set of slices for each of a plurality of objects, each object being characterized by an identity, at least one attribute, and at least one operation. In one embodiment of this method, the plurality of objects include an electronic commerce object, where the electronic commerce object is attributed with a first hyper text markup language (HTML) page. A head-end centric system and apparatus for encoding and delivery of realtime content, including: a non-realtime content source for providing non-realtime content; a non-realtime encoder for encoding the non-realtime content into encoded non-realtime content; a realtime encoder source for providing realtime video and audio content; a realtime encoder for encoding the realtime video and audio content into encoded realtime video an audio; a remultiplexor for repacketizing the encoded non-realtime content and the encoded realtime video and audio into transport packets; and a re-timestamp unit coupled to the remultiplexor for providing timestamps to be applied to the transport packets in order to synchronize the realtime and non-realtime content therein.
    • 程序指南和用户界面的基于片段编码的方法。 节目指南包括用于画中画和其他应用的多个视频流。 用于对节目指南进行编码的方法包括编码多个图形页面中的每一个的第一组片段; 以及为多个视频流中的每一个编码第二组片段。 用户界面是多功能的,可用于电子商务和其他应用。 生成用户界面的方法包括对多个对象中的每个对象的一组片段进行编码,每个对象的特征在于身份,至少一个属性和至少一个操作。 在该方法的一个实施例中,多个对象包括电子商务对象,其中电子商务对象被归因于第一超文本标记语言(HTML)页面。 一种用于编码和传送实时内容的头端中心系统和装置,包括:用于提供非实时内容的非实时内容源; 非实时编码器,用于将非实时内容编码为编码的非实时内容; 用于提供实时视频和音频内容的实时编码器源; 实时编码器,用于将实时视频和音频内容编码成编码的实时视频音频; 再编码器,用于将编码的非实时内容和编码的实时视频和音频重新分组到传输分组中; 以及耦合到所述再多路复用器的重新时间戳单元,用于提供要应用于所述传输分组的时间戳,以便同步其中的实时和非实时内容。
    • 57. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for simultaneously producing compressed play and trick play bitstreams from a video frame sequence
    • 用于从视频帧序列同时产生压缩播放和特技播放比特流的方法和装置
    • US06389218B2
    • 2002-05-14
    • US09201529
    • 1998-11-30
    • Donald F. GordonTed Ludvig
    • Donald F. GordonTed Ludvig
    • H04N591
    • H04N21/231H04N5/78263H04N5/783H04N9/8042H04N9/8227H04N19/114H04N19/177H04N19/587H04N19/61H04N21/234381H04N21/236H04N21/23608H04N21/2387H04N21/4147H04N21/4331H04N21/434H04N21/4344H04N21/47202H04N21/643H04N21/8455
    • An “all-in-one” encoder that simultaneously produces an MPEG-2 compliant fast forward, fast reverse and play bitstreams from a sequence of video frames, e.g., 601-format video. The encoder subsamples the video sequence, extracting a plurality of frames from the video sequence and buffering the subsampled frames. Simultaneous with the subsampling and buffering, the source frames are encoded within a real-time encoder, e.g., an MPEG-2 encoder. The buffered frames are recalled from the buffer and coupled to a second real-time encoder. The second encoder forms both the fast forward and fast reverse bitstreams using a time multiplexing technique wherein a group of pictures (GOP) for the fast forward stream can be formed, followed by the compression of the same GOP having the frames organized in reverse order. As such, the compressed GOPs are represented by the fast forward and fast reverse bitstreams. The play, fast forward, and fast reverse bitstreams for each GOP are organized into a file and stored on the mass storage device (e.g., disk drive array) of the file server.
    • 一种“一体式”编码器,其同时从一系列视频帧(例如601格式视频)产生符合MPEG-2的快进,快速反向和播放比特流。 编码器对视频序列进行子采​​样,从视频序列中提取多个帧并缓冲子采样帧。 与子采样和缓冲同时,源帧在例如MPEG-2编码器的实时编码器内编码。 缓冲的帧从缓冲器被调用并耦合到第二实时编码器。 第二编码器使用时间复用技术来形成快进和快速反向比特流,其中可以形成用于快进流的一组图像(GOP),随后压缩具有以相反顺序组织的帧的相同GOP。 这样,压缩的GOP由快进和快速反向比特流表示。 每个GOP的播放,快进和快速反向比特流被组织成文件并存储在文件服务器的大容量存储设备(例如,磁盘驱动器阵列)上。
    • 60. 发明授权
    • System and method for delivery of short-time duration video segments
    • 提供短时间段视频段的系统和方法
    • US08255956B2
    • 2012-08-28
    • US11400691
    • 2006-04-07
    • Sadik BayrakeriDonald F. GordonEdward A. LudvigJohn P. ComitoJeremy S. EdmondsEugene Gershtein
    • Sadik BayrakeriDonald F. GordonEdward A. LudvigJohn P. ComitoJeremy S. EdmondsEugene Gershtein
    • G06F3/00G06F13/00H04N5/445
    • H04N5/44543H04N5/45H04N21/23439H04N21/26283H04N21/2668H04N21/4722H04N21/482H04N21/8456H04N21/8549
    • A system and method for efficient delivery of video segments. One embodiment relates to the delivery of short-time duration video segments. The video segments may be delivered as part of a media-rich interactive program guide (IPG) or for some other application. The system and method provides a viewer with access to a video segment starting at its beginning (or any other selectable point within the video segment). Such access may be provided using a server-centric interactive technique. The server-centric technique may involve use of a demand-cast system and method. Demand-cast messaging may occur between a session manager, transport stream generator, and terminal. For example, a video object on a screen may be activated by a viewer using a remote control for a terminal. Activation of the object may cause transmission of a request from the terminal to a session manager for a video segment corresponding to the object. In response to the request, the session manager may initiate a process to accomplish delivery of the video segment from a transport stream generator to the terminal.
    • 一种用于高效传送视频片段的系统和方法。 一个实施例涉及短时间段视频片段的传送。 视频段可以作为媒体丰富的交互式节目指南(IPG)或其他一些应用的一部分来传送。 该系统和方法为观众提供从其开始(或视频片段中的任何其他可选点)开始的视频片段的访问。 可以使用以服务器为中心的交互技术来提供这种访问。 以服务器为中心的技术可能涉及使用需求转换系统和方法。 会话管理器,传输流发生器和终端之间可能发生请求转移消息。 例如,屏幕上的视频对象可以由观看者使用终端的遥控器激活。 对象的激活可能导致从终端向与对象相对应的视频片段的会话管理器发送请求。 响应于该请求,会话管理器可以启动完成从传输流发生器到终端的视频段的传递的过程。