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41. 发明授权

US3919062A Electrochemical system graduated porous bed sections 失效
标题翻译：电化学系统刻度多孔床段
公开(公告)号：US3919062A
公开(公告)日：1975-11-11
申请号：US46477574
申请日：1974-04-29
申请人： GRACE W R & CO
发明人： LUNDQUIST JR JOSEPH THEODORE , GINER JOSE D
IPC分类号： C02F1/461 , C25B9/16 , C25F5/00
CPC分类号： C02F1/46114 , C02F2001/46128 , C25B9/168
摘要： A process and apparatus for conducting electrochemical treatment in a reaction zone containing electrically conductive particles, such as carbon pellets. A plurality of beds within an electrolysis reaction chamber are separated by foraminous insulators which define bed sections of varying thickness. In the improved electrochemical cell, a porous bed of electrically conductive particles is disposed between primary electrodes to define a reaction zone and means is provided for flowing electrolyte through the bed substantially parallel to voltage gradient between the primary electrodes. The system provides insulating spacer means for separating the porous bed transverse to the direction of flow to provide ionically conducting fluid paths between sections of the bed while preventing ohmic conduction between bed sections. The spacers are disposed to define bed sections having graduated thickness where homogeneous treatment of the electrolyte is obtained. The system is useful for pollution control, electrochemical synthesis and metal recovery.
摘要翻译：一种用于在含有导电颗粒（例如碳颗粒）的反应区中进行电化学处理的方法和装置。电解反应室内的多个床由限定不同厚度的床部分的多孔绝缘体分离。

42. 发明授权

US3879225A Electrochemical cells comprising fluidized bed electrodes 失效
标题翻译：包括流化床电极的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US3879225A
公开(公告)日：1975-04-22
申请号：US35637673
申请日：1973-05-02
申请人： NAT RES DEV
发明人： BACKHURST JOHN RAYNER , GOODRIDGE FRANCIS , PLIMLEY RAYMOND ERNEST , FLEISCHMANN MARTIN
IPC分类号： C02F1/461 , C25B9/16 , H01M8/08 , H01M27/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/08 , C02F1/46114 , C25B9/162
摘要： An electrode arrangement for an electrochemical cell comprises an electrode chamber having one side wall which is at least in part a permeable or semi-permeable diaphragm and containing a bed of conducting or semi-conducting particles which in use of the cell are caused to be acted upon by an upwardly flowing liquid to form a fluidized bed of particles, the flow being substantially uniform over horizontal cross-sections of the electrode chamber, and in order to achieve substantially uniform upward flow of liquid a bottom portion is provided for said chamber which is tapered downwardly and a thin horizontal slot enters the side of the taper to enable said liquid to be passed to the electrode chamber and at the same time substantially to prevent the particles from passing out of the electrode chamber when the upward flow of the liquid ceases.
摘要翻译：用于电化学电池的电极装置包括具有一个侧壁的电极室，所述侧壁至少部分是可渗透或半透膜，并且包含导电或半导电颗粒床，在使用所述电池时使其起作用通过向上流动的液体形成颗粒的流化床，该流动在电极室的水平横截面上基本均匀，并且为了实现液体的基本均匀的向上流动，为所述室提供底部，其为向下锥形并且薄的水平狭槽进入锥体的侧面，以使所述液体能够通过电极室，并且同时基本上防止当液体的向上流动停止时颗粒从电极室流出。

43. 再颁专利

USRE28379E Electrochemical process of coating using a fluidized bed 失效
公开(公告)号：USRE28379E
公开(公告)日：1975-03-25
申请号：US38968573
申请日：1973-08-20
IPC分类号： C25B9/16 , C25B15/00 , C25D5/08 , C25D7/00 , G01R19/04 , G01R31/16 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/86
CPC分类号： H01M4/0404 , C25B9/16 , C25B9/162 , C25B15/00 , C25D5/08 , C25D7/00 , G01R19/04 , G01R31/16 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/0452 , H01M4/86
摘要： A METHOD OF PRODUCING PARTICLES HAVING THEREON A METAL SURFACE (OF SUBSTANTIALLY UNIFORM SHAPE) WHICH COMPRISES: (A) PROVIDING AN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL WHICH INCLUDES A CATHODIC CHAMBER CONTAINING A QUANTITY OF (SUBSTANTIALLY UNIFORM) ELECTROPLATABLE PARTICLES FORMING A STATIC BED AT THE BASE OF SAID CHAMBER, SAID BASE INCORPORATING MEANS FOR PRODUCING UNIFORM FLOW OF LIQUID ACROSS THE AREA OF SAID CHAMBER UPON UPWARD FLOW OF LIQUID ELECTROLYTE TO ENTER SAID CHAMBER AT (B) CAUSING LIQUID ELECTROLYTE TO ENTER SAID CHAMBER AT THE BASE THEREOF, (C) CAUSING SAID LIQUID ELECTROLYTE ENTERING SAID CHAMBER TO FLOW THROUGH SAID BASE MEANS AND FLOW UPWARDLY IN SAID CHAMBER IN A VERTICAL DIRECTION AT A VELOCITY THAT CAUSE SAID STATIC BED OF PARTICLES TO EXPAND TO A SUBSTANTIALLY UNIFORM DEPTH BY LEVITATION OF SAID PARTICLES SO THAT THE RESULTING FLUIDISED BED OCCUPIES A VOLUME (ABOUT 50%) GREATER THAN SAID STATIC BED. (D) ARRANGING FOR ELECTRODE MEANS TO CONTACT PARTICLES IN SAID FLUIDISED BED, AND (E) PASSING ELECTRIC CURRENT THROUGH SAID CELL VIA SAID ELECTRODE MEANS SO AS TO CATHODICALLY DEPOSIT METAL ON SAID PARTICLES.

44. 发明授权

US3573178A Method and electrolytic cell to produce alkyl lead compounds from grignard solution and lead 失效
标题翻译：方法和电解池从格兰格解决方案和铅生产烷基铅化合物
公开(公告)号：US3573178A
公开(公告)日：1971-03-30
申请号：US3573178D
申请日：1968-10-24
申请人： NALCO CHEMICAL CO
发明人： BLACKMAR GUY E
IPC分类号： C07F7/24 , C25B9/16 , B01K3/00 , C22D1/02
CPC分类号： C07F7/24 , C25B9/168
摘要： ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR PRODUCING ORGANO METALLIC COMPOUNDS BY ELECTROLYZING A LIQUID ELECTROLYTE IN THE PRESENCE OF A PARTICULATE CONSUMABLE METAL, WHEREIN THE CELL INCLUDES A VESSEL OF ELECTRICALLY CONDICTIVE MATERIAL, A PLURALITY OF CATHODE ASSEMBLIES MOUNTED WITHIN THE VESSEL IN A BED OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PARTICULATE CONSUMABLE MATERIAL, AND EACH CATHODE ASSEMBLY HAVING A CATHODE OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL INSULATIVELY MOUNTED WITH RESPECT TO THE VESSEL AND A SHEATH OF LIQUID-POROUS INSULATING MATERIAL ENCLOSING THE CATHODE, AND EACH CATHODE BEING INDIVIDUALLY FUSED.

45. 发明授权

US3527617A Electrolytic cyclone separator and cell 失效
标题翻译：电解循环分离器和细胞
公开(公告)号：US3527617A
公开(公告)日：1970-09-08
申请号：US3527617D
申请日：1968-03-20
申请人： SHELL OIL CO
发明人： PROBER RICHARD
IPC分类号： C02F1/00 , C02F1/38 , C02F1/461 , C25B1/00 , C25B9/16 , C25B15/00 , H01M8/08 , H01M27/00
CPC分类号： C25B15/00 , C02F1/38 , C02F1/46114 , C02F2301/024 , C02F2301/026 , C25B1/00 , C25B9/162 , H01M8/08

46. 发明授权

US10828618B1 Alkali source and/or sink using ion-conducting solid electrolyte and mixed ion-electron conductor electrode 有权
公开(公告)号：US10828618B1
公开(公告)日：2020-11-10
申请号：US15837346
申请日：2017-12-11
申请人： HRL Laboratories, LLC
发明人： Christopher S. Roper , Jason A. Graetz
IPC分类号： C25B15/02 , C25B15/08 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/16 , C25B9/18 , B01J19/08 , G04F5/14
摘要： Some variations provide an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atom source (e.g., vapor cell) with a solid ionic conductor and a mixed ion-electron conductor electrode. Mixed ion-electron conductor electrodes are used as efficient sources and/or as sinks for alkali metal or alkaline earth metal atoms, thus enabling electrical control over metal atom content in the vapor cell. Some variations provide a vapor-cell system comprising: a vapor-cell region configured to allow a vapor-cell optical path into a vapor-cell vapor phase; a first electrode containing an mixed ion-electron conductor that is conductive for an ion of at least one element selected from Rb, Cs, Na, K, or Sr; a second electrode electrically isolated from the first electrode; and an ion-conducting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The ion-conducting layer is ionically conductive for at least one ionic species selected from Rb+, Cs+, Na+, K+, or Sr2+.

47. 发明申请

US20200040466A1 ELECTROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF GRAPHENE SHEETS FROM COKE OR COAL 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20200040466A1
公开(公告)日：2020-02-06
申请号：US16596244
申请日：2019-10-08
申请人： Global Graphene Group, Inc.
发明人： Aruna Zhamu , Bor Z. Jang
IPC分类号： C25B1/00 , C25D3/00 , C25B9/16 , C01B32/19 , C25B11/14
摘要： A method of producing graphene sheets from coke or coal powder, comprising: (a) forming an intercalated coke or coal compound by electrochemical intercalation conducted in an intercalation reactor, which contains (i) a liquid solution electrolyte comprising an intercalating agent; (ii) a working electrode that contains the powder in ionic contact with the liquid electrolyte, wherein the coke or coal powder is selected from petroleum coke, coal-derived coke, meso-phase coke, synthetic coke, leonardite, lignite coal, or natural coal mineral powder; and (iii) a counter electrode in ionic contact with the electrolyte, and wherein a current is imposed upon the working electrode and the counter electrode for effecting electrochemical intercalation of the intercalating agent into the powder; and (b) exfoliating and separating graphene planes from the intercalated coke or coal compound using an ultrasonication, thermal shock exposure, mechanical shearing treatment, or a combination thereof to produce isolated graphene sheets.

48. 发明授权

US10472723B2 Method of preventing reverse current flow through an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer 有权
公开(公告)号：US10472723B2
公开(公告)日：2019-11-12
申请号：US14590166
申请日：2015-01-06
申请人： thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers (Japan) Ltd.
发明人： Kazuyuki Arai , Yoshinari Take , Terumi Hashimoto , Takaaki Matsuo , Toshikazu Hayashida
IPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B9/16 , C25B15/00 , C25D17/00 , C25C1/00 , C25B15/02 , C25B15/08 , C25B1/04 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/08
摘要： Provided is a method of preventing reverse current flow through an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer, which method is capable of preventing a reverse current from being generated after stopping operation of the ion exchange membrane electrolyzer.A method of preventing reverse current flow through an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer 100, the ion exchange membrane electrolyzer 100 having an anode chamber 107 housing an anode, a cathode chamber 110 housing a cathode, an anode solution-supplying manifold 121 to feed anode solution to the anode chamber 107, and a cathode solution-supplying manifold 124 to feed cathode solution to the cathode chamber 110. After stopping operation of the ion exchange membrane electrolyzer 100, injected is a low electrical conductivity material with an electrical conductivity lower than that of the anode solution or the cathode solution to at least one of an anode solution-supplying pipe 127 which supplies the anode solution to the anode solution-supplying manifold 121 from an anode solution tank 123 and a cathode solution-supplying pipe 128 which supplies the cathode solution to the cathode solution-supplying manifold 124 from a cathode solution tank 123.

49. 发明授权

US10435797B2 Electrochemical production of graphene sheets from coke or coal 有权
公开(公告)号：US10435797B2
公开(公告)日：2019-10-08
申请号：US15193090
申请日：2016-06-26
申请人： Nanotek Instruments, Inc.
发明人： Aruna Zhamu , Bor Z. Jang
IPC分类号： C25B3/00 , C25B1/00 , C25D3/00 , C25B11/14 , C25B9/16 , C01B32/19
摘要： A method of producing graphene sheets from coke or coal powder, comprising: (a) forming an intercalated coke or coal compound by electrochemical intercalation conducted in an intercalation reactor, which contains (i) a liquid solution electrolyte comprising an intercalating agent; (ii) a working electrode that contains the powder in ionic contact with the liquid electrolyte, wherein the coke or coal powder is selected from petroleum coke, coal-derived coke, meso-phase coke, synthetic coke, leonardite, lignite coal, or natural coal mineral powder; and (iii) a counter electrode in ionic contact with the electrolyte, and wherein a current is imposed upon the working electrode and the counter electrode for effecting electrochemical intercalation of the intercalating agent into the powder; and (b) exfoliating and separating graphene planes from the intercalated coke or coal compound using an ultrasonication, thermal shock exposure, mechanical shearing treatment, or a combination thereof to produce isolated graphene sheets.

50. 发明授权

US10246785B2 Use of fluidized-bed electrode reactors for alane production 有权
公开(公告)号：US10246785B2
公开(公告)日：2019-04-02
申请号：US14986921
申请日：2016-01-04
申请人： Ardica Technologies, Inc.
发明人： Steven Crouch-Baker , Mark A. Petrie , David Stout , Francis Tanzella
IPC分类号： C25B9/16 , C25B11/02 , C25B11/04 , C25B13/00 , C25B1/00 , C01B6/06 , C25B15/08
摘要： Fluidized-bed reactors for producing alane are provided herein. An exemplary process includes inducing an electrical potential difference in an electrolyte solution to produce an anolyte solution that includes an alane adduct, wherein an electrical potential difference is generated between anode aluminum particles and a cathode, the electrolyte solution including an alkali metal hydride dissolved in a solvent, the anode aluminum particles and cathode being separated by a diaphragm.

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