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41. 发明授权

US09157872B1 X-ray multiband emission and conversion 有权
标题翻译： X射线多频发射和转换
公开(公告)号：US09157872B1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-13
申请号：US14210809
申请日：2014-03-14
申请人： Lockheed Martin Corporation
发明人： David R. Twede
IPC分类号： H05G2/00 , G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01N23/04 , A61B6/4233 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/482 , G01T1/1606 , G01T1/20 , G02B13/16 , G02F2/00 , H01J2237/244 , H01J2237/2555 , H01J2237/28 , H01L27/146 , H01L27/14663 , H01L27/14676 , H04N5/32
摘要： A system for emitting X-ray energy is disclosed. An X-ray emitter emits photons in a first X-ray band toward a first photon conversion layer. The first photon conversion layer receives the photons in the first X-ray band and converts the photons in the first X-ray band to photons in a plurality of different second predetermined X-ray bands. The first photon conversion layer emits the photons in the plurality of different second predetermined X-ray bands in a downstream direction toward a second photon conversion layer.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于发射X射线能量的系统。 X射线发射器向第一光子转换层发射第一X射线带中的光子。第一光子转换层接收第一X射线带中的光子并将第一X射线带中的光子转换成多个不同的第二预定X射线带中的光子。第一光子转换层向下游方向朝向第二光子转换层发射多个不同的第二预定X射线带中的光子。

42. 发明申请

US20150285922A1 Silicon Photomultiplier Based TOF-PET Detector 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于硅光电倍增管的TOF-PET检测器
公开(公告)号：US20150285922A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-08
申请号：US14244312
申请日：2014-04-03
申请人： Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc.
发明人： Robert A. Mintzer , James Christopher Arnott , Mehmet Aykac , Johannes Breuer , Sanghee Cho , Peter Hansen , Maciej P. Kapusta , James L. Corbeil , Nan Zhang
IPC分类号： G01T1/208 , G01T1/29 , A61B6/00 , G01R33/48 , A61B6/03 , G01T1/161 , G01T1/16
CPC分类号： G01T1/208 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/4233 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/4258 , A61B6/4417 , G01R33/481 , G01T1/1606 , G01T1/1647 , G01T1/2018 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A scintillation block detector employs an array of optically air coupled scintillation pixels, the array being wrapped in reflector material and optically coupled to an array of silicon photomultiplier light sensors with common-cathode signal timing pickoff and individual anode signal position and energy determination. The design features afford an optimized combination of photopeak energy event sensitivity and timing, while reducing electronic circuit complexity and power requirements, and easing necessary fabrication methods. Four of these small blocks, or “miniblocks,” can be combined as optically and electrically separated quadrants of a larger single detector in order to recover detection efficiency that would otherwise be lost due to scattering between them. Events are validated for total energy by summing the contributions from the four quadrants, while the trigger is generated from either the timing signal of the quadrant with the highest energy deposition, the first timing signal derived from the four quadrant time-pickoff signals, or a statistically optimum combination of the individual quadrant event times, so as to maintain good timing for scatter events. This further reduces the number of electronic channels required per unit detector area while avoiding the timing degradation characteristic of excessively large SiPM arrays.
摘要翻译：闪烁块检测器采用光学空气耦合的闪烁像素阵列，该阵列被包裹在反射器材料中并且光耦合到具有共阴极信号定时拾取和单独的阳极信号位置和能量确定的硅光电倍增管光传感器阵列。该设计特点提供了光峰能量事件灵敏度和时序的优化组合，同时降低了电子电路的复杂性和功率需求，并且减轻了必要的制造方法。这些小块中的四个或“小块”可以组合成较大的单个检测器的光学和电分离的象限，以便恢复否则由于它们之间的散射而损失的检测效率。事件通过对来自四个象限的贡献进行求和来验证总能量，而触发是从具有最高能量沉积的象限的定时信号，从四象限时间检测信号得到的第一定时信号或统计最佳组合的单个象限事件时间，以保持良好的分散事件时序。这进一步减少了每单位检测器面积所需的电子通道的数量，同时避免了过大的SiPM阵列的定时劣化特性。

43. 发明申请

US20150034834A1 Radiation Detector Based on Charged Self-Assembled Monolayers on Nanowire Devices 有权
标题翻译：基于放电自组装单层纳米线器件的辐射探测器
公开(公告)号：US20150034834A1
公开(公告)日：2015-02-05
申请号：US13955740
申请日：2013-07-31
申请人： International Business Machines Corporation
发明人： Ali Afzali-Ardakani , Jose M. Lobez Comeras
IPC分类号： G01T1/16 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/18 , G01T1/24 , H01L27/144
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606 , H01L31/035227 , H01L31/085 , Y10S977/954
摘要： Radiation detectors having nanowires with charged, radiation-labile coatings configured to change the electrical properties of nanowires are provided. In one aspect, a radiation detection device is provided. The radiation detector device includes at least one nanowire having a radiation-labile coating with charged moieties on a surface thereof, wherein the radiation-labile coating is configured to degrade upon exposure to radiation such that the charged moieties are cleaved from the radiation-labile coating upon exposure to radiation and thereby affect a transconductance of the nanowire.
摘要翻译：提供了具有纳米线的辐射检测器，其具有被配置成改变纳米线的电性能的带电的辐射不稳定涂层。一方面，提供了一种放射线检测装置。辐射检测器装置包括至少一个纳米线，其具有在其表面上具有带电部分的辐射不稳定涂层，其中辐射不稳定涂层被配置为在暴露于辐射时降解，使得带电部分从辐射不稳定涂层一旦暴露于辐射，从而影响纳米线的跨导。

44. 发明授权

US08642960B2 Detection of neutrinos 有权
标题翻译：检测中微子
公开(公告)号：US08642960B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-04
申请号：US13563969
申请日：2012-08-01
申请人： Ephraim Fischbach , Jere Jenkins
发明人： Ephraim Fischbach , Jere Jenkins
IPC分类号： G01T1/00 , G01T1/178 , G08B17/12
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606 , G01T1/20 , G01T7/00
摘要： A flux detection apparatus can include a radioactive sample having a decay rate capable of changing in response to interaction with a first particle or a field, and a detector associated with the radioactive sample. The detector is responsive to a second particle or radiation formed by decay of the radioactive sample. The rate of decay of the radioactive sample can be correlated to flux of the first particle or the field. Detection of the first particle or the field can provide an early warning for an impending solar event.
摘要翻译：通量检测装置可以包括具有响应于与第一颗粒或场的相互作用而变化的衰减速率的放射性样品和与放射性样品相关联的检测器。检测器响应于放射性样品衰变形成的第二颗粒或辐射。放射性样品的衰变速率可以与第一颗粒或场的通量相关。第一颗粒或场的检测可为即将发生的太阳事件提供预警。

45. 发明授权

US08519335B2 Detection of solar events 有权
标题翻译：检测太阳事件
公开(公告)号：US08519335B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-27
申请号：US12235393
申请日：2008-09-22
申请人： Ephraim Fischbach , Jere Jenkins
发明人： Ephraim Fischbach , Jere Jenkins
IPC分类号： G01T1/00 , G01T1/178 , G08B17/12 , G01J5/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606 , G01T1/20 , G01T7/00
摘要： A flux detection apparatus can include a radioactive sample having a decay rate capable of changing in response to interaction with a first particle or a field, and a detector associated with the radioactive sample. The detector is responsive to a second particle or radiation formed by decay of the radioactive sample. The rate of decay of the radioactive sample can be correlated to flux of the first particle or the field. Detection of the first particle or the field can provide an early warning for an impending solar event.
摘要翻译：通量检测装置可以包括具有响应于与第一颗粒或场的相互作用而变化的衰减速率的放射性样品和与放射性样品相关联的检测器。检测器响应于放射性样品衰变形成的第二颗粒或辐射。放射性样品的衰变速率可以与第一颗粒或场的通量相关。第一颗粒或场的检测可为即将发生的太阳事件提供预警。

46. 发明授权

US07910888B2 X-ray analyzer 有权
标题翻译： X射线分析仪
公开(公告)号：US07910888B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US12343364
申请日：2008-12-23
申请人： Keiichi Tanaka , Akikazu Odawara , Satoshi Nakayama , Sumio Iijima , Shunji Bandow
发明人： Keiichi Tanaka , Akikazu Odawara , Satoshi Nakayama , Sumio Iijima , Shunji Bandow
IPC分类号： H01L27/18
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606
摘要： Provided is an X-ray analyzer capable of significantly suppressing an influence of an external magnetic field on a transition edge sensor (TES). The X-ray analyzer includes: a TES (7) for detecting energy of a received X-ray as a temperature change and outputting the temperature change as a current signal; a superconducting magnetic shield (8) which contains the TES (7) and enters a superconducting state; and a room temperature magnetic shield (9) which covers the superconducting magnetic shield (8) and performs external magnetic field shielding until the superconducting magnetic shield (8) enters the superconducting state, in which the superconducting magnetic shield (8) and the room temperature magnetic shield (9) are concentrically arranged to have a cylindrical shape.
摘要翻译：提供能够显着抑制外部磁场对过渡边缘传感器（TES）的影响的X射线分析装置。 X射线分析仪包括：TES（7），用于检测接收到的X射线的能量作为温度变化，并输出温度变化作为电流信号; 包含TES（7）并进入超导状态的超导磁屏蔽（8）; 和覆盖超导磁屏蔽（8）的室温磁屏蔽（9），并执行外部磁场屏蔽，直到超导磁屏蔽（8）进入超导状态，其中超导磁屏蔽（8）和室温磁屏蔽（9）同心地布置成具有圆柱形形状。

47. 发明申请

US20050184238A1 Superconducting X-ray detection apparatus and superconducting X-ray analyzer using the apparatus 有权
标题翻译：超导X射线检测仪和超导X射线分析仪采用该仪器
公开(公告)号：US20050184238A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-25
申请号：US11032801
申请日：2005-01-11
申请人： Akikazu Odawara , Satoshi Nakayama , Keiichi Tanaka
发明人： Akikazu Odawara , Satoshi Nakayama , Keiichi Tanaka
IPC分类号： G01N23/225 , G01T1/16 , G01T1/24 , G01T1/26 , H01L27/18 , H01L39/00 , H01L39/04
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606
摘要： A superconducting X-ray detection apparatus is provided; wherein a structure is made, where in an end portion of the superconducting X-ray detection apparatus, which comprises a superconducting X-ray detector, low-temperature first-stage amplifier and sensor holder, influence of disturbance noise on output from the detector is minimized, and connection of wiring can be easily made. In addition, a superconducting X-ray analyzer using the apparatus is provided. A stacked structure, in which the superconducting X-ray detector is mounted in a three dimension on the low-temperature first-stage amplifier, is made.
摘要翻译：提供超导X射线检测装置; 其特征在于，在超导型X射线检测装置的末端部分，包含超导X射线检测器，低温第一级放大器和传感器支架的结构中，扰动噪声对检测器的输出的影响是最小化，并且可以容易地进行布线的连接。此外，提供了使用该装置的超导X射线分析仪。制造了在低温第一级放大器上以三维安装超导X射线检测器的堆叠结构。

48. 发明申请

US20040027031A1 Neutrino light to photon light converting matrix 失效
标题翻译： Neutrino光对光子转换矩阵
公开(公告)号：US20040027031A1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-12
申请号：US10607402
申请日：2003-06-26
发明人： Robert W. Beckwith
IPC分类号： H01L041/08
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606 , H01L41/1132
摘要： Apparatus for viewing in neutrino light first uses microwaves to create neutrino force differentials on piezoelectric material. The force differentials are used by elements of a matrix to create pixels of a two dimensional picture for use in viewing of underground structures from a satellite. In another form pixels are formed on an LCD display for direct human viewing.
摘要翻译：用于在中微子光中观察的装置首先使用微波在压电材料上产生中微子力差。力微分由矩阵的元素用于创建用于从卫星观看地下结构的二维图像的像素。在另一种形式中，在LCD显示器上形成像素用于直接人观看。

49. 发明授权

US06528814B1 Cryogenic, high-resolution x-ray detector with high count rate capability 有权
标题翻译：具有高计数率能力的低分辨率高分辨率X射线检测器
公开(公告)号：US06528814B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09395590
申请日：1999-09-14
申请人： Matthias Frank , Carl A. Mears , Simon E. Labov , Larry J. Hiller , Andrew T. Barfknecht
发明人： Matthias Frank , Carl A. Mears , Simon E. Labov , Larry J. Hiller , Andrew T. Barfknecht
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606 , H01L39/10
摘要： A cryogenic, high-resolution X-ray detector with high count rate capability has been invented. The new X-ray detector is based on superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs), and operates without thermal stabilization at or below 500 mK. The X-ray detector exhibits good resolution (˜5-20 eV FWHM) for soft X-rays in the keV region, and is capable of counting at count rates of more than 20,000 counts per second (cps). Simple, FET-based charge amplifiers, current amplifiers, or conventional spectroscopy shaping amplifiers can provide the electronic readout of this X-ray detector.
摘要翻译：已经发明了具有高计数率能力的低温，高分辨率X射线检测器。新的X射线检测器基于超导隧道结（STJ），在500 mK以下不进行热稳定运行。对于keV区域的软X射线，X射线检测器显示出良好的分辨率（〜5-20 eV FWHM），并且能够以每秒20,000个计数（cps）的计数速率进行计数。简单的基于FET的电荷放大器，电流放大器或常规光谱整形放大器可以提供该X射线检测器的电子读数。

50. 发明授权

US5641961A Application of electrothermal feedback for high resolution cryogenic particle detection using a transition edge sensor 失效
标题翻译：使用过渡边缘传感器应用电热反馈进行高分辨率低温颗粒检测
公开(公告)号：US5641961A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US579740
申请日：1995-12-28
申请人： Kent D. Irwin , Blas Cabrera
发明人： Kent D. Irwin , Blas Cabrera
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , G01T1/24 , G01T1/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/035 , G01T1/1606
摘要： A novel type of superconducting transition edge sensor is described. The sensor comprises a primary heat sink maintained at a constant temperature and a resistive means, such as a superconducting film, in thermal contact with the primary heat sink. The temperature of the primary heat sink is kept well below the transition temperature of the superconducting film. The film is voltage biased, so that its temperature is maintained within its superconducting transition through electrothermal feedback: at equilibrium, the Joule heating of the film is equal to the heat loss from the film to the substrate. The energy deposited in the film by a particle incident on the sensor is measured by the reduction in Joule heating.
摘要翻译：描述了一种新型的超导过渡边缘传感器。传感器包括保持在恒定温度的主要散热器和与主散热器热接触的诸如超导薄膜的电阻装置。主散热器的温度保持在远低于超导膜的转变温度。该膜是电压偏置的，使得其温度通过电热反馈保持在其超导转变中：在平衡时，膜的焦耳加热等于从膜到衬底的热损失。通过焦耳加热的减少来测量通过入射在传感器上的颗粒沉积在膜中的能量。

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