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41. 发明授权

US07392720B2 Apparatus for the assessment of the condition of fruits and vegetables 失效
标题翻译：用于评估水果和蔬菜状况的仪器
公开(公告)号：US07392720B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US10507455
申请日：2003-03-12
申请人： Matthew Scott Howarth , Richard Allen
发明人： Matthew Scott Howarth , Richard Allen
IPC分类号： G01N33/02
CPC分类号： G01N3/48 , G01N33/025 , G01N2203/0482 , G01N2203/0623
摘要： Apparatus for assessing the condition of fruit or vegetables comprises a transducer (22) which is brought into contact with the surface of fruit or vegetable (12) in a tapping motion. The transducer (22), where it contacts the fruit or vegetable's surface is generally curved in shape to ensure accuracy of measurement over a relatively wide range of angles of impact with the fruit or vegetable (12). The transducer (22) can be delivered to and away from the fruit or vegetable surface by an air controlled bellows arrangement.
摘要翻译：用于评估水果或蔬菜状况的装置包括在水果或蔬菜（12）的表面上以攻丝运动接触的换能器（22）。与水果或蔬菜表面接触的传感器（22）通常是弯曲的形状，以确保在与水果或蔬菜（12）的相对较宽的冲击角度范围内的测量精度。传感器（22）可以通过空气控制的波纹管布置被输送到或离开水果或蔬菜表面。

42. 发明申请

US20080101657A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCE (FRUIT, VEGETABLES) USING SPATIALLY STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION 有权
标题翻译：使用空间结构照明进行生产（水果，蔬菜）的定性和定量分析的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080101657A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-01
申请号：US11927396
申请日：2007-10-29
申请人： Anthony J. Durkin , David Cuccia , Frederic Bevilacqua , Bruce J. Tromberg
发明人： Anthony J. Durkin , David Cuccia , Frederic Bevilacqua , Bruce J. Tromberg
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/4412 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/10 , G01J3/32 , G01N21/4795 , G01N21/6456 , G01N21/6486 , G01N21/94 , G01N33/025 , G01N2021/1787 , G01N2021/6421
摘要： A method and an apparatus for noninvasively and quantitatively determining spatially resolved absorption and reduced scattering coefficients over a wide field-of-view of a food object, including fruit or produce, uses spatial-frequency-domain imaging (SFDI). A single modulated imaging platform is employed. It includes a broadband light source, a digital micromirror optically coupled to the light source to control a modulated light pattern directed onto the food object at a plurality of selected spatial frequencies, a multispectral camera for taking a spectral image of a reflected modulated light pattern from the food object, a spectrally variable filter optically coupled between the food object and the multispectral camera to select a discrete number of wavelengths for image capture, and a computer coupled to the digital micromirror, camera and variable filter to enable acquisition of the reflected modulated light pattern at the selected spatial frequencies.
摘要翻译：使用空间 - 频域成像（SFDI），在食品物体（包括果实或产品）的宽视野范围内非侵入和定量地测定空间分辨吸收和降低的散射系数的方法和装置。采用单一调制成像平台。其包括宽带光源，光学耦合到光源的数字微镜，以以多个选定的空间频率来控制指向食物的调制光图案;多光谱相机，用于从反射调制光图案中获取反射调制光图案的光谱图像，食品对象，光学耦合在食物和多光谱相机之间的光谱可变滤光器，用于选择用于图像捕获的离散数量的波长，以及耦合到数字微镜，照相机和可变滤波器的计算机，以使得能够获取反射的调制光图案在所选择的空间频率。

43. 发明申请

US20070081160A1 Spectrophotometer 有权
标题翻译：分光光度计
公开(公告)号：US20070081160A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-12
申请号：US10577243
申请日：2004-10-27
申请人： Takashi Otoi
发明人： Takashi Otoi
IPC分类号： G01J3/28
CPC分类号： G01N33/025 , G01J3/2803 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359
摘要： A spectrophotometer is provided whereby stable measurement can be performed with high processing rate and high accuracy, in online non-destructive examination of fruit or vegetables or the like using near infra-red light or the like, wherein there is no possibility of saturation of the data level or of the data level being too small and changes in rate of feeding can be dealt with by making use of for example the differences in density, in thickness of the skin, and in size of the fruit or vegetables, which are found even in the same type of fruit or vegetables. Light that has passed through the fruit or vegetables or the like is divided into different spectral components and received at two locations by a main light reception unit and a sample-use light reception unit. First of all, digital comparison operation of a digital value obtained from the sample-use light reception unit with a predetermined reference value is performed and, as a result of this comparison, the gain of a variable gain amplification circuit is set to an optimum value. Then, the signal from the main light reception unit is passed through the variable gain amplification circuit, a zero-point correction circuit and A/D converter, to obtain digital data to be read for obtaining suitable wavelength characteristic data.
摘要翻译：提供了一种分光光度计，可以在使用近红外光等的水果或蔬菜等的在线无损检测中以高处理率和高精度进行稳定的测量，其中不存在饱和的可能性数据级别或数据级别太小，进食速率的变化可以通过利用例如甚至发现的密度，皮肤厚度和水果或蔬菜的尺寸的差异来处理在同一类型的水果或蔬菜。已经通过水果或蔬菜等的光被分成不同的光谱分量，并且通过主光接收单元和样本用光接收单元在两个位置处被接收。首先，执行从采样用光接收单元获得的具有预定参考值的数字值的数字比较操作，并且作为该比较的结果，将可变增益放大电路的增益设置为最佳值。然后，将来自主光接收单元的信号通过可变增益放大电路，零点校正电路和A / D转换器，以获得要读取的数字数据，以获得合适的波长特性数据。

44. 发明申请

US20060127543A1 Non-invasive colorimetric ripeness indicator 审中-公开
标题翻译：非侵入性比色成熟指标
公开(公告)号：US20060127543A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-15
申请号：US11273654
申请日：2005-11-14
申请人： Robert Klein , Mark Riley , Dominic DeCianne , Navaporn Srinavakul
发明人： Robert Klein , Mark Riley , Dominic DeCianne , Navaporn Srinavakul
IPC分类号： A23L1/27
CPC分类号： G01N31/22 , G01N21/293 , G01N21/783 , G01N33/025
摘要： Apparatus and methods for detecting ethylene levels as an indicator of produce ripeness. An ethylene-permeable substrate having a calorimetric reagent disposed thereon is placed adjacent to an item of produce such that ethylene levels are detected and result in the reagent changing color.
摘要翻译：用于检测乙烯水平作为产量成熟度指标的装置和方法。将其上设置有量热试剂的乙烯可渗透底物放置在与产物相邻的位置，使得检测到乙烯水平并导致试剂变色。

45. 发明授权

US06998559B2 Detection system for sorting apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US06998559B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-14
申请号：US10296641
申请日：2001-05-28
申请人： Josse De Baerdemaeker , Peter Coucke , Leonardus Paulus Crezee
发明人： Josse De Baerdemaeker , Peter Coucke , Leonardus Paulus Crezee
IPC分类号： G01N3/40
CPC分类号： G01N3/405 , G01N33/025 , G01N2291/02827
摘要： The present invention relates to a system for determining characteristics of products of generally unequal size, e.g. apples, which are conveyed on product carriers, such as rollers of a conveying apparatus, and pass the system, the system comprising a detection device, arranged at some distance from the products, having a transmitter section and a receiver section, as well as a signal processing unit for processing signals to and from the system, including the signals of the receiver section for determining the characteristics, the system further comprising: a sensor which, prior to the passage of a product, scans the size of each passing product and produces a corresponding scanning signal, and a displacement device, for positioning, in accordance with each scanning signal, at least the receiver section of the detection device at a well-defined distance during the passage of each product. With such a system, in an advantageous manner, on-line, characteristics such as firmness and sugar content of fruits can be determined. These characteristics can be used real-time as a selection criterion during sorting of large amounts of fruits.

46. 发明申请

US20050158871A1 Method for discriminating organic agricultural products from conventional agricultural products by using nitrogen isotope index 有权
标题翻译：通过氮同位素指数区分有机农产品与传统农产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US20050158871A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-21
申请号：US10510749
申请日：2003-04-12
申请人： Hee Ro , Woo Choi
发明人： Hee Ro , Woo Choi
IPC分类号： A01G7/00 , G01N33/24 , G01N24/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/025 , G01N33/24 , Y10T436/15 , Y10T436/17 , Y10T436/172307 , Y10T436/173076 , Y10T436/176152 , Y10T436/24
摘要： The present invention provides a method for discriminating an organic farmland from a conventional farmland, comprising; (a) measuring an amount of nitrogen isotope in a soil sample of a farmland; (b) calculating a nitrogen isotope index according to the formula (1) using the resultant nitrogen isotope value and (c) determining whether the farmland belongs to an organic farmland or a conventional farmland. According to the present invention, it is possible to objectively discriminate an organic farmland from a conventional farmland or discriminate an organic crop from a conventional crop.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于区分有机耕地与常规耕地的方法，包括：（a）测量农田土壤样品中氮同位素的量; （b）使用得到的氮同位素值，根据公式（1）计算氮同位素指数;（c）确定农田是否属于有机农田或常规耕地。根据本发明，可以客观地区分有机耕地与常规农田，或者将有机作物与常规作物区分开来。

47. 发明申请

US20030201209A1 Detection system for sorting apparatus 失效
标题翻译：分拣装置检测系统
公开(公告)号：US20030201209A1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-30
申请号：US10296641
申请日：2003-06-03
发明人： Josse De Baerdemaeker , Peter Coucke , Leonardus Paulus Crezee
IPC分类号： B07C005/00
CPC分类号： G01N3/405 , G01N33/025 , G01N2291/02827
摘要： The present invention relates to a system for determining characteristics of products of generally unequal size, e.g. apples, which are conveyed on product carriers, such as rollers of a conveying apparatus, and pass the system, the system comprising a detection device, arranged at some distance from the products, having a transmitter section and a receiver section, as well as a signal processing unit for processing signals to and from the system, including the signals of the receiver section for determining the characteristics, the system further comprising: a sensor which, prior to the passage of a product, scans the size of each passing product and produces a corresponding scanning signal, and a displacement device, for positioning, in accordance with each scanning signal, at least the receiver section of the detection device at a well-defined distance during the passage of each product. With such a system, in an advantageous manner, on-line, characteristics such as firmness and sugar content of fruits can be determined. These characteristics can be used real-time as a selection criterion during sorting of large amounts of fruits.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于确定通常不相等尺寸的产品特性的系统，例如，苹果，其在诸如输送设备的辊子的产品载体上传送并且通过该系统，该系统包括设置在离产品一定距离处的检测装置，具有发射器部分和接收器部分，以及信号处理单元，用于处理来自系统的信号，包括用于确定特性的接收器部分的信号，系统还包括：传感器，其在产品通过之前扫描每个经过的产品的尺寸并产生相应的扫描信号和位移装置，用于根据每个扫描信号至少在检测装置的接收器部分在每个产品通过期间以明确的距离定位。利用这样的系统，可以有利地确定在线，果实的坚实性和糖含量等特征。这些特征可以在大量水果分选时作为选择标准实时使用。

48. 发明授权

US06553814B2 Method and device for determining the hardness/elasticity and/or other properties of vegetables or fruit 失效
标题翻译：用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度/弹性和/或其他性质的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06553814B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-29
申请号：US09727298
申请日：2000-11-29
申请人： Jacob Hendrik de Greef
发明人： Jacob Hendrik de Greef
IPC分类号： G01N3302
CPC分类号： G01N3/40 , B65G2201/02 , G01N33/025 , G01N2203/0623
摘要： The present invention comprises a method for determining the hardness of a vegetable or fruit, wherein the vegetable or fruit is rotated, wherein an impactor element is carried close to the surface of a fruit or vegetable, wherein during rotation of the fruit an impactor element is brought into contact with the fruit or the vegetable a number of times, wherein the impact of the respective impactor element is measured in order to determine the hardness of the vegetable or fruit over at least a portion of the surface thereof. The present invention also comprises a device for determining the hardness of a vegetable or fruit. The present invention further provides a method for determining a property of a vegetable or fruit.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度的方法，其中旋转蔬菜或水果，其中冲击器元件靠近水果或蔬菜的表面携带，其中在水果旋转期间，冲击器元件是与水果或蔬菜接触多次，其中测量各个冲击器元件的冲击以确定其表面的至少一部分上的蔬菜或水果的硬度。本发明还包括用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度的装置。本发明还提供了一种用于确定蔬菜或水果的性质的方法。

49. 发明授权

US06512577B1 Apparatus and method for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum 失效
标题翻译：用于测量和关联水果与可见/近红外光谱的特征的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06512577B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09524329
申请日：2000-03-13
申请人： Richard M. Ozanich
发明人： Richard M. Ozanich
IPC分类号： G01J342
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0224 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/36 , G01J3/42 , G01J3/501 , G01J3/51 , G01J3/513 , G01J3/524 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359 , G01N33/025 , G01N2021/3155 , G01N2021/8466 , G01N2201/129 , Y10S250/91
摘要： This disclosure is of 1) the utilization of the spectrum from 250 nm to 1150 nm for measurement or prediction of one or more parameters, e.g., brix, firmness, acidity, density, pH, color and external and internal defects and disorders including, for example, surface and subsurface bruises, scarring, sun scald, punctures, in N—H, C—H and O—H samples including fruit; 2) an apparatus and method of detecting emitted light from samples exposed to the above spectrum in at least one spectrum range and, in the preferred embodiment, in at least two spectrum ranges of 250 to 499 nm and 500 nm to 1150 nm; 3) the use of the chlorophyl band, peaking at 680 nm, in combination with the spectrum from 700 nm and above to predict one or more of the above parameters; 4) the use of the visible pigment region, including xanthophyll, from approximately 250 nm to 499 nm and anthocyanin from approximately 500 to 550 nm, in combination with the chlorophyl band and the spectrum from 700 nm and above to predict the all of the above parameters.
摘要翻译：本公开是1）利用250nm至1150nm的光谱来测量或预测一个或多个参数，例如白利糖度，硬度，酸度，密度，pH，颜色以及外部和内部缺陷和障碍，包括对于例如，包括水果在内的NH，CH和OH样品中的表面和地下瘀伤，疤痕，晒伤，穿刺; 2）一种在至少一个光谱范围内检测暴露于上述光谱的样品的发射光的装置和方法，在优选实施例中，在250至499nm和500nm至1150nm的至少两个光谱范围内; 3）使用700nm以上的光谱，结合680nm的峰值峰值，预测一个或多个上述参数; 4）使用约250nm至499nm的可见颜料区域（包括叶黄素）和约500至550nm的花色素苷，与叶绿素谱带和700nm及以上的光谱结合使用，以预测上述全部参数。

50. 发明申请

US20020011567A1 Apparatus and method and techniques for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum 失效
标题翻译：用于测量和关联水果与可见/近红外光谱的特征的装置和方法和技术
公开(公告)号：US20020011567A1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-31
申请号：US09804613
申请日：2001-03-12
发明人： Richard M. Ozanich
IPC分类号： H01T019/04
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0224 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/36 , G01J3/42 , G01J3/501 , G01J3/51 , G01J3/513 , G01J3/524 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359 , G01N33/025 , G01N2021/3155 , G01N2021/8466 , G01N2201/129 , Y10S250/91
摘要： This disclosure is of 1) the utilization of the spectrum from 250 nm to 1150 nm for measurement or prediction of one or more parameters, e.g., brix, firmness, acidity, density, pH, color and external and internal defects and disorders including, for example, surface and subsurface bruises, scarring, sun scald, punctures, in NnullH, CnullH and OnullH samples including fruit; 2) an apparatus and method of detecting emitted light from samples exposed to the above spectrum in at least one spectrum range and, in the preferred embodiment, in at least two spectrum ranges of 250 to 499 nm and 500 nm to 1150 nm; 3) the use of the chlorophyl band, peaking at 680 nm, in combination with the spectrum from 700 nm and above to predict one or more of the above parameters; 4) the use of the visible pigment region, including xanthophyll, from approximately 250 nm to 499 nm and anthocyanin from approximately 500 to 550 nm, in combination with the chlorophyl band and the spectrum from 700 nm and above to predict the all of the above parameters.
摘要翻译：本公开是1）利用250nm至1150nm的光谱来测量或预测一个或多个参数，例如白利糖度，硬度，酸度，密度，pH，颜色以及外部和内部缺陷和障碍，包括对于例如，包括水果在内的NH，CH和OH样品中的表面和地下瘀伤，疤痕，晒伤，穿刺; 2）一种在至少一个光谱范围内检测暴露于上述光谱的样品的发射光的装置和方法，在优选实施例中，在250至499nm和500nm至1150nm的至少两个光谱范围内; 3）使用700nm以上的光谱，结合680nm的峰值峰值，预测一个或多个上述参数; 4）使用约250nm至499nm的可见颜料区域（包括叶黄素）和约500至550nm的花色素苷，与叶绿素谱带和700nm及以上的光谱结合使用，以预测上述全部参数。

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