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    • 42. 发明授权
    • Method and apparauts for symbol decoding
    • 方法和符号解码
    • US5905742A
    • 1999-05-18
    • US579349
    • 1995-12-27
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuRavinder David KoilpillaiJohn B. Anderson
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuRavinder David KoilpillaiJohn B. Anderson
    • H03M13/23H03M13/41H04L1/00H04L25/03G06F11/10
    • H04L1/0071H03M13/41H03M13/6502H04L1/0009H04L25/03216
    • A low complexity, high performance trellis decoder adapts the complexity of the trellis decoding process based on a current condition of the communications system. A trellis structure of nodes and branches is developed to decode the sequence of symbols received over a communications channel. Each set of nodes in the trellis represents the possible values of a received symbol at one time instant. Each branch defines a specific transition between nodes at different time instants, and each branch has an associated branch metric or weight. A linkage of branches between the nodes and the trellis defines a path through the trellis that represents one possible symbol sequence, and an accumulated metric/weight is generated for each possible path through the trellis. A variable number M survivor paths through the trellis is determined based on their accumulated path metric/weights. The value of the variable M depends on the current condition of the communications system. Once the value of M is adapted to the current condition, the sequence of received symbols is decoded using M survivor paths through the trellis.
    • 低复杂度的高性能网格解码器基于通信系统的当前状况来适应网格解码过程的复杂性。 开发节点和分支的网格结构来解码通过通信信道接收的符号序列。 网格中的每组节点在一个时刻表示接收到的符号的可能值。 每个分支定义不同时刻的节点之间的特定转换,并且每个分支具有关联的分支度量或权重。 节点和网格之间的分支的链接定义了通过网格的路径,其表示一个可能的符号序列,并且通过网格为每个可能的路径生成累积的度量/权重。 根据其累积的路径度量/权重来确定通过网格的可变数M个幸存者路径。 变量M的值取决于通信系统的当前状态。 一旦M的值适合于当前条件,则使用经过网格的M个幸存路径来解码接收符号的序列。
    • 43. 发明授权
    • Automatic simulcast alignment
    • 自动联播对齐
    • US5353307A
    • 1994-10-04
    • US95367
    • 1993-07-20
    • Howard L. LesterSandeep Chennakeshu
    • Howard L. LesterSandeep Chennakeshu
    • H04H20/67H04L7/02H04L25/03H03H7/30H03H7/40
    • H04H20/67H04L25/03057H04L2025/03656
    • A digital simulcast transmission is automatically aligned, at a simulcast receiver (22) that simultaneously receives a plurality of RF signals from a plurality of transmitters, each of the RF signals being modulated to convey identical digitally encoded information. An equalizer (24) adaptively equalizes the plurality of received RF signals to substantially correct for a misalignment in time between the received signals. The misalignment in time is due in part to a non-simultaneous transmission of the identical digitally encoded information from the plurality of transmitters. Equalizer embodiments include a Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) and an equalizer based on a Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimator (MLSE). Embodiments of the DFE are an Order Recursive Lattice-DFE and a Fast Kalman DFE.
    • 在同时从多个发射机接收多个RF信号的同时接收机(22),数字联播传输被自动对准,每个RF信号被调制以传送相同的数字编码信息。 均衡器(24)自适应地均衡多个接收到的RF信号,以基本上校正接收信号之间的时间偏移。 在时间上的偏移部分是由于来自多个发射机的相同数字编码信息的非同时传输。 均衡器实施例包括基于最大似然序列估计器(MLSE)的判决反馈均衡器(DFE)和均衡器。 DFE的实施例是订单递归晶格-DFE和快速卡尔曼DFE。
    • 44. 发明授权
    • Digital discriminator for pulse shaped .pi./4 shifted differentially
encoded quadrature phase shift keying
    • 用于脉冲形pi / 4移位差分编码正交相移键控的数字鉴频器
    • US5202901A
    • 1993-04-13
    • US703517
    • 1991-05-21
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuGary J. Saulnier
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuGary J. Saulnier
    • H04L27/233
    • H04L27/2338
    • A digital radio receiver for synchronization of radiowave transmissions for digital and analog FM signals in TDMA systems such as cellular telephones uses a tangent type discriminator that minimizes the bit error rate. The digital discriminator employs A/D converter circuit that samples a received intermediate frequency (IF) signal, a sorter circuit that produces a predetermined number of samples to be used in the decoding, a sample and phase adjustment circuit that allows for a carrier phase adjustment and sample timing adjustment, a divider circuit that eliminates the need for a conventional limiter by causing a ratio of amplitudes to be processed instead of absolute signal amplitudes, an inverse tangent circuit that creates a decoded phase angle from the ratio, a delay circuit and a summer circuit that create a differential signal, a modulo-2.pi. correction circuit that corrects for wrap-around errors about the real axis, an integrate and dump filter for summing up all phase angles pertaining to a single symbol, and a four-phase decoder circuit to decode the signal into a pair of bits. An adjustment circuit minimizes phase error between a reference sequence of symbols and the decoded symbols by simultaneously adjusting the sample timing and carrier phase adjustments. The digital discriminator also can decode conventional analog FM radio broadcasts by deactivating the IDF, the adjustment circuit, and SPA circuit, and bypassing the four-phase decoder.
    • 用于在诸如蜂窝电话的TDMA系统中用于数字和模拟FM信号的无线电波传输的同步的数字无线电接收机使用使误码率最小化的切线型鉴别器。 数字鉴频器采用对接收到的中频(IF)信号进行采样的A / D转换电路,产生要在解码中使用的预定数量样本的分选器电路,允许载波相位调整的采样和相位调整电路 和采样定时调整,分频器电路通过引起要被处理的幅度比而不是绝对信号幅度来消除对常规限幅器的需要,从该比值产生解码相位角的反正切电路,延迟电路和 创建差分信号的夏季电路,用于校正关于实轴的环绕误差的模2π校正电路,用于对与单个符号相关的所有相位角进行求和的积分和转储滤波器以及四相解码器 电路将信号解码成一对位。 调整电路通过同时调整采样定时和载波相位调整来最小化参考符号序列和解码符号之间的相位误差。 数字鉴频器还可以通过去激活IDF,调节电路和SPA电路以及绕过四相解码器来解码传统的模拟FM无线电广播。
    • 46. 发明授权
    • Mobile terminal having virus resistant security module architecture
    • 具有防病毒安全模块架构的移动终端
    • US07269846B2
    • 2007-09-11
    • US10231958
    • 2002-08-30
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuWilliam O. Camp, Jr.
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuWilliam O. Camp, Jr.
    • G06F17/00G06F7/04H04L12/58
    • H04W88/02H04L63/083H04L63/0861H04W12/06H04W12/08H04W12/12
    • Mobile terminal having virus resistant security module architecture. An embedded security module can control the presentation of information on a display by controlling access to display memory. In some embodiments, the security module is also provided with an interface to enable it to handle user input function as well. In this way, the presentation of transaction information and receipt of user input can be substantially isolated from the main, control microprocessor of the terminal for enhanced security, especially protection against resident viruses. In addition, the security module can copy display data into the authentication and/or authorization message that is returned by the terminal to the base station. The return of the display data provides an extra, secure confirmation of the transaction.
    • 具有防病毒安全模块架构的移动终端。 嵌入式安全模块可以通过控制显示存储器的访问来控制显示器上的信息显示。 在一些实施例中,安全模块还提供有使其能够处理用户输入功能的接口。 以这种方式,交易信息的呈现和用户输入的接收可以与终端的主控制微处理器基本上隔离,以增强安全性,特别是针对常驻病毒的保护。 此外,安全模块可以将显示数据复制到由终端返回给基站的认证和/或授权消息中。 显示数据的返回为交易提供了额外的安全确认。
    • 50. 发明授权
    • Communications system and methods employing selective recursive decording
    • 通信系统和方法采用选择性递归解码
    • US06192503B1
    • 2001-02-20
    • US08911149
    • 1997-08-14
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuAmer A. Hassan
    • Sandeep ChennakeshuAmer A. Hassan
    • H03M1303
    • H04L1/005H03M13/2975H04L1/0055H04L1/0066H04L1/007
    • A source sequence of symbols is communicated over a communications medium by encoding the source sequence according to respective first and second error correction codes to produce respective first and second encoded sequences of symbols. The first and second encoded sequences are processed to produce a communications signal, which is then communicated over the communications medium. The communicated communications signal is processed to produce first and second received sequences of symbols corresponding to the first and second encoded sequences, respectively. The first and second received sequences are selectively recursively decoded according to the associated error correction codes augmented by previous estimates of a symbol of the source sequence to repeatedly produce revised estimates of the symbol until an estimate satisfying a predetermined reliability criteria is obtained.
    • 通过在源通信介质上通过根据相应的第一和第二纠错码对源序列进行编码来传送符号的源序列,以产生相应的第一和第二编码符号序列。 处理第一和第二编码序列以产生通信信号,然后通信信号在通信介质上传送。 所传送的通信信号被处理以分别产生对应于第一和第二编码序列的第一和第二接收的符号序列。 根据由源序列的符号的先前估计增加的相关联的纠错码来选择性地递归地解码第一和第二接收序列,以重复产生符号的修正估计,直到获得满足预定可靠性标准的估计。