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41. 发明授权

US5662883A Microprecipitation of micro-nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agents 失效
标题翻译：微纳米颗粒药剂的微沉淀
公开(公告)号：US5662883A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-02
申请号：US370936
申请日：1995-01-10
申请人： Pranab Bagchi , Robert C. Stewart , Gregory L. McIntire , John R. Minter
发明人： Pranab Bagchi , Robert C. Stewart , Gregory L. McIntire , John R. Minter
IPC分类号： A61K9/14 , A61K49/04
CPC分类号： A61K49/0433 , A61K9/146 , Y10S977/775 , Y10S977/915 , Y10S977/927 , Y10S977/928
摘要： It has been known that administration of pharmaceutical agents (both diagnostic and therapeutic) with poor water solubility in the form of particles less than 400 nm in diameter produces agent formulation with increased bioavailibility. Bioavailability being proportional to the surface area, increases with reduction of particle size of the dispersed agent. We have discovered that chemical derivatization of certain photographic coupler molecules with chemical moiety that are capable of functioning as pharmaceutical agents (both diagnostic and therapeutic) is amenable to the preparation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersions via a process that comprises the dissolution of the said pharmaceutical agent in an alkaline solution and then neutralizing the said solution with an acid in the presence of a suitable surface-modifying, surface-active agent to form an ultra fine particle dispersion of the said pharmaceutical agent. The composition and process of this invention leads to particles of Z-average diameters as small as up to 10 nm as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. The composition and process schemes of this invention are suitable for large-scale manufacture of these micro-nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersions.
摘要翻译：已经知道直径小于400nm的颗粒形式的水溶性差的药物（诊断和治疗）的给药产生具有增加的生物利用度的药剂制剂。与表面积成比例的生物利用度随着分散剂的粒度的降低而增加。我们已经发现，具有能够用作药剂（诊断和治疗）的具有化学部分的某些照相成色剂分子的化学衍生化适用于通过包括所述药剂的溶解的方法制备纳米颗粒药剂分散体在碱性溶液中，然后在合适的表面改性表面活性剂存在下用酸中和所述溶液，以形成所述药剂的超细颗粒分散体。本发明的组合物和方法通过光子相关光谱法测得的Z平均直径小至10nm的颗粒。本发明的组合物和方法适用于大规模制造这些微纳米颗粒药剂分散体。

42. 发明授权

US5591568A High dye stability, high activity, low stain and low viscosity small particle yellow dispersion melt for color paper and other photographic systems 失效
标题翻译：高染料稳定性，高活性，低污染和低粘度小颗粒黄色分散体，用于彩色纸等摄影系统
公开(公告)号：US5591568A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US301745
申请日：1994-09-06
申请人： Pranab Bagchi , James L. Edwards , Danuta Gibson , Thomas A. Rosiek , Brian Thomas , Vincent J. Flow, III
发明人： Pranab Bagchi , James L. Edwards , Danuta Gibson , Thomas A. Rosiek , Brian Thomas , Vincent J. Flow, III
IPC分类号： G03C1/38 , G03C7/388
CPC分类号： G03C1/38 , G03C7/388 , G03C2200/20 , Y10S430/136 , Y10S516/03 , Y10S516/06
摘要： This invention provides composition and method to overcome the very high viscosity of prior small-particle dispersions when admixed with gelatin in aqueous solution for coating a photographic film element.The invention is generally accomplished by the utilization of a second surfactant in the melt formulated by the admixture of the small-particle dispersion and the gelatin solution. The surfactants of this invention, that is, utilized to control the rheology of such said melts, have the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein n=5 to 20 andx=1 to 4.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了组合物和方法，以克服在用于涂布照相胶片元件的水溶液中与明胶混合时先前的小颗粒分散体的非常高的粘度。本发明通常通过在通过小颗粒分散体和明胶溶液的混合物配制的熔体中利用第二表面活性剂来实现。本发明的表面活性剂，即用于控制所述熔体的流变性，具有以下通用结构：图像（SI-1）<图像>

43. 发明授权

US5543283A Attachment of gelatin-grafted plymer particles to pre-precipitated silver halide grains 失效
标题翻译：将明胶接枝的聚合物颗粒附着到预沉淀的卤化银颗粒上
公开(公告)号：US5543283A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-06
申请号：US346727
申请日：1994-11-30
申请人： Mark A. Whitson , John D. Lewis , Tienteh Chen , Thomas J. Dannhauser , Pranab Bagchi
发明人： Mark A. Whitson , John D. Lewis , Tienteh Chen , Thomas J. Dannhauser , Pranab Bagchi
IPC分类号： G03C1/015 , G03C1/005 , G03C1/035 , G03C1/04 , G03C1/047 , G03C1/30 , G03C1/42 , G03C1/43 , G03C7/388
CPC分类号： G03C1/047 , G03C1/005 , G03C1/30 , G03C7/388 , G03C7/3882 , G03C2001/0471 , Y10S430/151
摘要： The invention describes silver halide packet emulsion grains or crystals that are conventionally precipitated using gelatin of a given isoelectric pH, surrounded by a layer of gelatin-grafted-polymer particles wherein the grafted gelatin has a different isoelectric pH and the said gelatin-grafted-polymer particles are optionally chemically bonded to the gelatin surrounding the silver halide microcrystals. Such packet emulsions can form the basis for a mixed-packet color photographic system.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了卤化银包乳液颗粒或晶体，其通常用给定等电pH的明胶沉淀，被明胶接枝聚合物颗粒层包围，其中接枝明胶具有不同的等电位pH，并且所述明胶接枝聚合物颗粒任选化学键合到卤化银微晶周围的明胶上。这种包乳液可以形成混合包彩色摄影系统的基础。

44. 发明授权

US5395748A Ballasted optical brighteners 失效
标题翻译：镇流荧光增白剂
公开(公告)号：US5395748A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US164091
申请日：1993-12-08
申请人： Anthony Adin , Pranab Bagchi
发明人： Anthony Adin , Pranab Bagchi
IPC分类号： C09B57/00 , D06L3/12 , G03C1/047 , G03C1/815
CPC分类号： G03C1/8155 , D06L3/12 , D06L3/1214 , G03C1/047 , Y10S430/134
摘要： An inexpensive, ballasted optical brightener for use in photographic elements is prepared by reacting an optical brightener of the formula ##STR1## where M is a cation; X is a group capable of undergoing nucleophilic displacement; and Z is ##STR2## or --O--R.sub.3, where each of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen atom, or an aromatic group which can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups unreactive towards X; and R3 is an aromatic group which can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups unreactive towards Xwith a water soluble polymer, such as gelatin. The resulting ballasted optical brightener is stable in aqueous photographic compositions.
摘要翻译：用于照相元件的廉价的镇流荧光增白剂通过使式（IMA）的光学增白剂（其中M是阳离子）反应来制备; X是能够进行亲核取代的基团; 或者是R 1和R 2为氢原子的Z为<或>，或者可以是未取代的或被一个或多个对X不反应的基团取代的芳基; 并且R 3是可以是未被取代的或被一个或多个与X一起反应的基团与水溶性聚合物如明胶取代的芳族基团。所得到的镇流荧光增白剂在水性照相组合物中是稳定的。

45. 发明授权

US5182189A Increased photographic activity precipitated coupler dispersions prepared by coprecipitation with liquid carboxylic acids 失效
标题翻译：通过与液体羧酸共沉淀制备的增加的照相活性沉淀成色剂分散体
公开(公告)号：US5182189A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-26
申请号：US774905
申请日：1991-10-11
申请人： Pranab Bagchi , Steven J. Sargeant
发明人： Pranab Bagchi , Steven J. Sargeant
IPC分类号： G03C7/388
CPC分类号： G03C7/388
摘要： Base and auxiliary solvent solubilized precipitated dispersions of couplers and other photographic materials usually produce very small particle dispersions, and usually such dispersions are extremely highly reactive because of the smallness of the particle size. However, some relatively more hydrophobic couplers, even through they produce small particles when a dispersion if formed by the precipitation technique, lead to extremely unreactive dispersions. The method of this invention constitutes a single step coprecipitation technique where a base deprotonation compound, preferably a liquid carboxylic acid, is incorporated into the precipitated particles to produce photographically highly active coupler dispersions. The invention is performed by providing a first flow of an aqueous surfactant solution and a second flow comprising a basic solution of the coupler and the base deprotonable compound in a water miscible volatile auxiliary solvent and mixing the said first and second streams either simultaneously or immediately following thereof, neutralizing said streams with an acid solution. Such immediate neutralization protects any hydrolizable surfactants that may be utilized in the crude emulsion stream. In a preferred method, the first and the second stream may be brought together immediately prior to neutralization or directly into a mixer with addition of acid directly into the mixer to neutralize the dispersion to form a dispersion of fine particles.
摘要翻译：底物和辅助溶剂溶解的成色剂和其他照相材料的沉淀分散体通常产生非常小的颗粒分散体，并且通常这种分散体由于粒度小而极高的反应性。然而，一些相对较疏水的成色剂，即使当通过沉淀技术形成的分散体时，甚至通过它们产生小颗粒也会导致非常不反应的分散体。本发明的方法构成了单步共沉淀技术，其中将碱去质子化合物，优选液体羧酸引入沉淀的颗粒中以产生高度活跃的成像剂分散体。本发明通过提供表面活性剂水溶液的第一流和包含偶联剂和碱脱质子化合物的碱性溶液在水混溶性挥发性辅助溶剂中的第二流，并将所述第一和第二流同时或紧随其后用酸溶液中和所述物流。这种立即中和保护了可用于粗乳液流中的任何可水解的表面活性剂。在优选的方法中，第一和第二物流可以在中和之前立即聚集在一起，或者直接加入到混合器中，直接加入到混合器中以中和分散体以形成细颗粒的分散体。

46. 发明授权

US5066572A Control of pressure-fog with gelatin-grafted and case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer latex particles 失效
标题翻译：用胶凝剂和壳聚糖胶凝胶软胶聚合物乳液控制压力雾化
公开(公告)号：US5066572A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-19
申请号：US497456
申请日：1990-03-22
申请人： Kevin M. O'Connor , Richard P. Szajewski , Pranab Bagchi
发明人： Kevin M. O'Connor , Richard P. Szajewski , Pranab Bagchi
IPC分类号： G03C1/04 , G03C1/30
CPC分类号： G03C1/04 , G03C1/30 , Y10S430/151 , Y10S430/162
摘要： This invention describes a substantially less pressure sensitive photographic film comprising a support, at least one light sensitive silver halide element, and an overlaying element comprising gelatin-grafted or case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer particle composite element. The incorporation of such an overlaying composite particle cushioning layer does not compromise either the physical properties or physical integrity of the film unit. This invention is particularly suitable for highly pressure sensitive tabular grain emulsions.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了一种基本上较小的压敏感光照相胶片，其包含载体，至少一种光敏卤化银元件和包含明胶接枝或表面硬化的明胶接枝的软质聚合物颗粒复合元件的覆盖元件。这种覆盖复合颗粒缓冲层的结合不影响膜单元的物理性能或物理完整性。本发明特别适用于高压敏片状颗粒乳剂。

47. 发明授权

US5026632A Use of gelatin-grafted and case-hardened gelatin-grafted polymer particles for relief from pressure sensitivity of photographic products 失效
标题翻译：使用明胶接枝和表面硬化的明胶接枝聚合物颗粒，以缓解照相产品的压力敏感性
公开(公告)号：US5026632A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US497472
申请日：1990-03-22
申请人： Pranab Bagchi , William L. Gardner
发明人： Pranab Bagchi , William L. Gardner
IPC分类号： G03C1/047 , G03C1/053 , G03C1/30 , G03C1/95
CPC分类号： G03C1/047 , G03C1/053 , G03C1/95 , Y10S430/151 , Y10S430/162
摘要： It has been shown by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy that when additional hardener is added to below saturation gel-grafted polymer particles, the gel layer shrinks due to hardening, as there is no free gel left in solution. In films, such case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer particles can act as highly elastic stress absorbing fillers. This is because the dry case-hardened shell is expected to form a thin hard shell around the soft polymer particles. It is shown that gelatin-grafted soft polymer particles and case-hardened gelatin-grafted soft polymer particles, incorporated in the emulsion layers of pressure sensitive photographic products, produce coatings with highly reduced pressure sensitivity without any developability or delamination concerns. In this invention the case-hardened gelatin-grafted polymer particles are preferred over the simple gelatin-grafted material.
摘要翻译：通过光子相关光谱显示，当将额外的硬化剂加入到饱和的凝胶接枝聚合物颗粒中时，凝胶层由于硬化而收缩，因为溶液中不存在游离凝胶。在膜中，这种表面硬化的明胶接枝的软聚合物颗粒可以用作高弹性应力吸收填料。这是因为干燥壳体硬化壳体预期在软聚合物颗粒周围形成薄的硬壳。显示出掺入压敏照相产品的乳剂层中的明胶接枝的软聚合物颗粒和表面硬化的明胶接枝的软聚合物颗粒产生具有高度降低的压力敏感性的涂层，而没有任何显影性或分层问题。在本发明中，表面硬化的明胶接枝聚合物颗粒优于简单的明胶接枝材料。

48. 发明授权

US4970139A Methods of preparation of precipitated coupler dispersions with increased photographic activity 失效
公开(公告)号：US4970139A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-13
申请号：US416205
申请日：1989-10-02
申请人： Pranab Bagchi
发明人： Pranab Bagchi
IPC分类号： G03C7/388
CPC分类号： G03C7/388
摘要： Base and auxiliary solvent solubilized precipitated dispersions of couplers and other photographic materials usually produce very small particle dispersions, and usually such dispersions are extremely highly reactive because of the smallness of the particle size. However, some relatively more hydrophobic couplers, even though they produce small particles when a dispersion is formed by the precipitation technique, lead to extremely unreactive dispersions. The method of this invention constitutes a single step precipitation technique where a permanent high boiling water insoluble coupler solvent is incorporated into the precipitated particles to produce photographically highly active coupler dispersions. The invention is performed by providing a first flow of a crude emulsion of a high boiling water insoluble permanent coupler solvent in aqueous surfactant solution and a second flow comprising a basic solution of the coupler in a water miscible volatile auxiliary solvent and mixing the said first and second streams either simultaneously or immediately following thereof, neutralizing said streams with an acid solution. Such immediate neutralization protects any hydrolizable surfactants that may be utilized in the crude emulsion stream. In a preferred method, the first and the second stream may be brought together immediately prior to neutralization or directly into a mixer with addition of acid directly into the mixer to neutralize the dispersion to form a dispersion of fine particles.

49. 发明授权

US4920004A Gelatin-grafted polymer particles 失效
标题翻译：明胶接枝聚合物颗粒
公开(公告)号：US4920004A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US307393
申请日：1989-02-07
申请人： Pranab Bagchi
发明人： Pranab Bagchi
IPC分类号： C08J3/12 , G03C1/32 , G03C1/95
CPC分类号： G03C1/95 , Y10S430/151 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： There are disclosed polymer particles that are individually covered with gelatin that is covalently bonded thereto. The particles are useful in a variety of applications, such as photographic matting agents.

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