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41. 发明授权

US08131134B2 Digital media universal elementary stream 有权
标题翻译：数字媒体通用基本流
公开(公告)号：US08131134B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-06
申请号：US10966443
申请日：2004-10-15
申请人： Sudheer Sirivara , James D. Johnston , Naveen Thumpudi , Wei-ge Chen , Sergey Smirnov , Chris Messer
发明人： Sudheer Sirivara , James D. Johnston , Naveen Thumpudi , Wei-ge Chen , Sergey Smirnov , Chris Messer
IPC分类号： H04N5/92 , H04N5/93
CPC分类号： G10L19/167
摘要： Described techniques and tools include techniques and tools for mapping digital media data (e.g., audio, video, still images, and/or text, among others) in a given format to a transport or file container format useful for encoding the data on optical disks such as digital video disks (DVDs). A digital media universal elementary stream can be used to map digital media streams (e.g., an audio stream, video stream or an image) into any arbitrary transport or file container, including optical disk formats, and other transports, such as broadcast streams, wireless transmissions, etc. The information to decode any given frame of the digital media in the stream can be carried in each coded frame. A digital media universal elementary stream includes stream components called chunks. An implementation of a digital media universal elementary stream arranges data for a media stream in frames, the frames having one or more chunks.
摘要翻译：描述的技术和工具包括用于将给定格式的数字媒体数据（例如，音频，视频，静止图像和/或文本等）映射到用于对光盘上的数据进行编码有用的传输或文件容器格式的技术和工具例如数字视频盘（DVD）。数字媒体通用基本流可用于将数字媒体流（例如，音频流，视频流或图像）映射到任何任意的传输或文件容器中，包括光盘格式和其他传输，例如广播流，无线传输等。用于解码流中数字媒体的任何给定帧的信息可以在每个编码帧中传送。数字媒体通用基本流包括称为块的流组件。数字媒体通用基本流的实现将帧中的媒体流的数据排列，帧具有一个或多个块。

42. 发明授权

US08103008B2 Loudness-based compensation for background noise 有权
标题翻译：基于响度的背景噪声补偿
公开(公告)号：US08103008B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US11740776
申请日：2007-04-26
申请人： James D. Johnston
发明人： James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： H03G3/20 , H03G9/00
CPC分类号： H03G9/025 , H03G9/005 , H04S7/00
摘要： Loudness-based compensation systems and techniques are described which provide audio compensation in noisy environments. Loudness approximations are determined for an audio block both by itself and in the presence of background noise. These approximations utilize compression of audio intensity within frequency bands in order to better reflect listeners' hearing perception. From these loudness approximations, a gain is determined for the audio block and then applied in such a manner that the effect is not jarring to listeners.
摘要翻译：描述了基于响度的补偿系统和技术，其在噪声环境中提供音频补偿。对于音频块本身和存在背景噪声都确定了响度近似。这些近似利用频带内的音频强度的压缩，以便更好地反映听众的听觉感知。根据这些响度近似，确定音频块的增益，然后以这样的方式应用，使得效果对听众不刺耳。

43. 发明申请

US20090136066A1 STEREO IMAGE WIDENING 有权
标题翻译：立体图像增强
公开(公告)号：US20090136066A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-28
申请号：US11945789
申请日：2007-11-27
申请人： James D. Johnston
发明人： James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： H04R5/00
CPC分类号： H04S1/007 , H04S2420/01
摘要： A stereo image can be widened by converting a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, applying HRTF processing to the difference channel, and producing an output stereo audio signal. A stereo image can also be widened by receiving a stereo signal, converting the stereo signal into a sum-difference signal, applying HRTF processing to only the difference channel, upsampling the sum-difference signal, applying distortion, downsampling the sum-difference signal, and converting the sum-difference signal into a stereo signal. A system for widening a stereo image can comprise an input module configured to convert a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, an HRTF module configured to apply HRTF processing to only the difference channel, a distortion module configured to apply a first distortion to the sum channel and a second different distortion to the difference channel, and an output module configured to produce an output stereo audio signal.
摘要翻译：可以通过将立体声音频信号转换成和差音频信号，对差分信道应用HRTF处理，并产生输出立体声音频信号来扩大立体声图像。也可以通过接收立体声信号，将立体声信号转换为和差信号，仅将HRTF处理应用于差分信道，对和差信号进行上采样，应用失真，对和差信号进行下采样，并将和差信号转换成立体声信号。用于加宽立体声图像的系统可以包括被配置为将立体声音频信号转换为和差音频信号的输入模块，被配置为仅将差分信道应用HRTF处理的HRTF模块，被配置为应用第一失真并且对所述差信道施加第二不同失真，以及输出模块，被配置为产生输出立体声音频信号。

44. 发明授权

US5481614A Method and apparatus for coding audio signals based on perceptual model 失效
标题翻译：基于感知模型对音频信号进行编码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5481614A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US115500
申请日：1993-09-01
申请人： James D. Johnston
发明人： James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： G10L21/04 , G10L19/00 , G10L19/02 , G10L21/02 , H04B1/66 , H04H20/88 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/88 , H04B1/665
摘要： Coding of high quality stereophonic audio signals is accomplished in a perceptual filterbank coder which exploits the interchannel redundancies and psychoacoustic. Using perceptual principles, switching between a normal and short window of input samples improve output signal quality for certain input signals, particularly those having a rapid attack. Switching is also accomplished between coding of left and right channels and so-called sum and difference channels in response to particular signal conditions. A number of new perceptually based techniques, including improved threshold determinations, result in high quality
摘要翻译：高质量立体声音频信号的编码在感知滤波器组编码器中实现，其利用通道间冗余和心理声学。使用感知原理，输入样本的正常窗口和短窗口之间的切换可以提高某些输入信号的输出信号质量，特别是那些具有快速攻击的输入信号。还可以在左右声道的编码和响应于特定信号条件的所谓的和和差信道之间进行切换。一些新的基于感知的技术，包括改进的阈值确定，导致高质量

45. 发明授权

US5134475A Adaptive leak HDTV encoder 失效
标题翻译： ADAPTIVE LEAK HDTV编码器
公开(公告)号：US5134475A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US625522
申请日：1990-12-11
申请人： James D. Johnston , Scott C. Knauer , Kim N. Matthews , Arun N. Netravali , Eric D. Petajan , Robert J. Safranek , Peter H. Westerink
发明人： James D. Johnston , Scott C. Knauer , Kim N. Matthews , Arun N. Netravali , Eric D. Petajan , Robert J. Safranek , Peter H. Westerink
IPC分类号： H03M7/30 , H04N7/015 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/28 , H04N7/32 , H04N7/50 , H04N11/04
CPC分类号： H04N19/94 , H04N19/50 , H04N19/61
摘要： In a differential PCM encoder, the problem of error perpetuation is solved by leaking a changing, rather than a fixed, fraction of the input signal to the differential PCM. The fraction leaked is sensitive to the characteristics of the signal. In one embodiment the fraction leaked is fixed for a frame in accordance with a chosen characteristic of the frame signal. In another embodiment, the fraction leaked is set in accordance with one function when a chosen characteristic of the frame signal exceeds a given level, and follows another function when the chosen characteristic does not exceed the chosen level. In a still another embodiment, the fraction leaked is set to one of two levels, based on a chosen characteristic of the frame signal.

46. 发明授权

US4122991A Apparatus for assembling space structure 失效
标题翻译：装配空间结构的装置
公开(公告)号：US4122991A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US829316
申请日：1977-08-31
申请人： James D. Johnston , Richard H. Tuggle, Jr. , John L. Burch , Keith H. Clark
发明人： James D. Johnston , Richard H. Tuggle, Jr. , John L. Burch , Keith H. Clark
IPC分类号： B64G4/00 , B64G9/00
CPC分类号： B64G4/00
摘要： An apparatus for producing a structure in outer space from rolls of prepunched ribbon or sheet material that are transported from the earth to the apparatus located in outer space. The apparatus spins the space structure similar to a spider spinning a web utilizing the prepunched ribbon material. The prepunched ribbon material is fed through the apparatus and is shaped into a predetermined channel-shaped configuration. Trusses are punched out of the ribbon and are bent downwardly and attached to a track which normally is a previously laid sheet of material. The size of the overall space structure may be increased by merely attaching an additional roll of sheet material to the apparatus.
摘要翻译：一种用于从预先穿孔的带状或片状材料的卷制造外部空间中的结构的设备，其从地球传送到位于外部空间的设备。该设备旋转空间结构，类似于使用预先打孔的带状材料的蜘蛛纺丝。预先穿过的带状材料通过该装置进给，并且成形为预定的通道形状。桁架从带子上冲出并向下弯曲，并连接到通常是预先铺设的材料的轨道上。通过仅仅将附加的片材卷附接到设备，可以增加整个空间结构的尺寸。

47. 发明授权

US4068763A Wrist joint assembly 失效
标题翻译： WRIST接头组装
公开(公告)号：US4068763A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-17
申请号：US708800
申请日：1976-07-26
申请人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher , Leendert Kersten , James D. Johnston
发明人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher , Leendert Kersten , James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： B25J15/00 , B25J17/02 , B25J3/00
CPC分类号： B25J9/0087 , B25J17/0275 , Y10T74/20552
摘要： A wrist joint assembly is provided for use with a mechanical manipulator arm for finely positioning an end-effector carried by the wrist joint on the terminal end of the manipulator arm wherein the wrist joint assembly is pivotable about a first axis to produce a yaw motion, a second axis to produce a pitch motion, and a third axis to produce a roll motion, wherein the three axes are mutually perpendicular and have a common point of origin. The wrist joint assembly includes a disk segment affixed to the terminal end of the manipulator arm and a first housing member rotatably carried on the disk segment about the first axis. A second housing member is rotatably carried on the first housing member and a third housing member is rotatably carried on the second housing member whereby the third housing member and the mechanical end-effector carried thereon are moved in the yaw, pitch, and roll motion. Drive means are provided for rotating each of the housings about their respective axis which includes a cluster of miniature motors having spur gears carried on the output drive shaft thereof which mesh with a center drive gear affixed on the housing to be rotated.

48. 发明申请

US20140350944A1 ENCODING AND REPRODUCTION OF THREE DIMENSIONAL AUDIO SOUNDTRACKS 有权
标题翻译：编码和复制三维音频声音
公开(公告)号：US20140350944A1
公开(公告)日：2014-11-27
申请号：US14026984
申请日：2012-03-15
申请人： Jean-Marc Jot , Zoran Fejzo , James D. Johnston
发明人： Jean-Marc Jot , Zoran Fejzo , James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： G10L19/008
CPC分类号： G10L19/008 , G10L19/173 , G10L19/20 , H04S3/004 , H04S3/008 , H04S2400/01 , H04S2400/03 , H04S2420/01
摘要： The present invention provides a novel end-to-end solution for creating, encoding, transmitting, decoding and reproducing spatial audio soundtracks. The provided soundtrack encoding format is compatible with legacy surround-sound encoding formats, so that soundtracks encoded in the new format may be decoded and reproduced on legacy playback equipment with no loss of quality compared to legacy formats.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于创建，编码，传输，解码和再现空间音频声轨的新型端到端解决方案。所提供的音轨编码格式与传统的环绕声编码格式兼容，使得以旧格式编码的音轨可以在传统播放设备上被解码和再现，与传统格式相比，没有质量损失。

49. 发明授权

US08861927B2 Digital media universal elementary stream 有权
标题翻译：数字媒体通用基本流
公开(公告)号：US08861927B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-14
申请号：US13360577
申请日：2012-01-27
申请人： Sudheer Sirivara , James D. Johnston , Naveen Thumpudi , Wei-Ge Chen , Serge Smirnov , Chris Messer
发明人： Sudheer Sirivara , James D. Johnston , Naveen Thumpudi , Wei-Ge Chen , Serge Smirnov , Chris Messer
IPC分类号： H04N9/80 , G10L19/16
CPC分类号： G10L19/167
摘要： Described techniques and tools include techniques and tools for mapping digital media data (e.g., audio, video, still images, and/or text, among others) in a given format to a transport or file container format useful for encoding the data on optical disks such as digital video disks (DVDs). A digital media universal elementary stream can be used to map digital media streams (e.g., an audio stream, video stream or an image) into any arbitrary transport or file container, including optical disk formats, and other transports, such as broadcast streams, wireless transmissions, etc. The information to decode any given frame of the digital media in the stream can be carried in each coded frame. A digital media universal elementary stream includes stream components called chunks. An implementation of a digital media universal elementary stream arranges data for a media stream in frames, the frames having one or more chunks.
摘要翻译：描述的技术和工具包括用于将给定格式的数字媒体数据（例如，音频，视频，静止图像和/或文本等）映射到用于对光盘上的数据进行编码有用的传输或文件容器格式的技术和工具例如数字视频盘（DVD）。数字媒体通用基本流可用于将数字媒体流（例如，音频流，视频流或图像）映射到任何任意的传输或文件容器中，包括光盘格式和其他传输，例如广播流，无线传输等。用于解码流中数字媒体的任何给定帧的信息可以在每个编码帧中传送。数字媒体通用基本流包括称为块的流组件。数字媒体通用基本流的实现将帧中的媒体流的数据排列，帧具有一个或多个块。

50. 发明授权

US08144902B2 Stereo image widening 有权
标题翻译：立体声图像扩大
公开(公告)号：US08144902B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US11945789
申请日：2007-11-27
申请人： James D. Johnston
发明人： James D. Johnston
IPC分类号： H04R5/02
CPC分类号： H04S1/007 , H04S2420/01
摘要： A stereo image can be widened by converting a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, applying HRTF processing to the difference channel, and producing an output stereo audio signal. A stereo image can also be widened by receiving a stereo signal, converting the stereo signal into a sum-difference signal, applying HRTF processing to only the difference channel, upsampling the sum-difference signal, applying distortion, downsampling the sum-difference signal, and converting the sum-difference signal into a stereo signal. A system for widening a stereo image can comprise an input module configured to convert a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, an HRTF module configured to apply HRTF processing to only the difference channel, a distortion module configured to apply a first distortion to the sum channel and a second different distortion to the difference channel, and an output module configured to produce an output stereo audio signal.
摘要翻译：可以通过将立体声音频信号转换成和差音频信号，对差分信道应用HRTF处理，并产生输出立体声音频信号来扩大立体声图像。也可以通过接收立体声信号，将立体声信号转换为和差信号，仅将HRTF处理应用于差分信道，对和差信号进行上采样，应用失真，对和差信号进行下采样，并将和差信号转换成立体声信号。用于加宽立体声图像的系统可以包括被配置为将立体声音频信号转换为和差音频信号的输入模块，被配置为仅将差分信道应用HRTF处理的HRTF模块，被配置为应用第一失真并且对所述差信道施加第二不同失真，以及输出模块，被配置为产生输出立体声音频信号。

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