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41. 发明授权

US08708966B2 Microneedle devices and methods of manufacture and use thereof 有权
标题翻译：微针装置及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US08708966B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US12853082
申请日：2010-08-09
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz , Devin V. McAllister , Florent Paul Marcel Cros
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz , Devin V. McAllister , Florent Paul Marcel Cros
IPC分类号： A61M5/00
CPC分类号： B81C1/00111 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150282 , A61B5/150984 , A61B17/205 , A61B2010/008 , A61K9/0021 , A61M37/0015 , A61M2037/003 , A61M2037/0053 , A61N1/303 , B33Y80/00 , B81B2201/055
摘要： Microneedle devices are provided for transport of molecules across tissue barriers and for use as microflameholders. In a preferred embodiment for transport across tissue, the microneedles are formed of a biodegradable polymer. Methods of making these devices, which can include hollow and/or porous microneedles, are also provided. A preferred method for making a microneedle includes forming a micromold having sidewalls which define the outer surface of the microneedle, electroplating the sidewalls to form the hollow microneedle, and then removing the micromold from the microneedle. In a preferred method of use, the microneedle device is used to deliver material into or across a biological barrier from chambers in connection with at least one of the microneedles. The device preferably further includes a means for controlling the flow of material through the microneedles. Representative examples of these means include the use of permeable membranes, fracturable impermeable membranes, valves, and pumps.
摘要翻译：提供微针装置用于跨组织屏障传输分子并用作微火焰保持器。在用于跨组织输送的优选实施方案中，微针由可生物降解的聚合物形成。还提供制造这些装置的方法，其可以包括中空和/或多孔微针。用于制造微针的优选方法包括形成具有限定微针的外表面的侧壁的显微镜，电镀侧壁以形成中空微针，然后从微针中去除微镜。在优选的使用方法中，微针装置用于将材料输送到生物屏障中，或者与至少一个微针相连接的室内输送生物屏障。该装置优选地还包括用于控制通过微针的材料流动的装置。这些方法的代表性实例包括使用可渗透膜，可破裂的不渗透膜，阀和泵。

42. 发明申请

US20100120626A1 APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT NETWORK ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY AND CELLULAR ANALYSIS 有权
标题翻译：高通量网络电生理与细胞分析的装置与方法
公开(公告)号：US20100120626A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-13
申请号：US12615778
申请日：2009-11-10
申请人： James Ross , Edgar A. Brown , Swaminathan Rajaraman , Mark G. Allen , Bruce Wheeler
发明人： James Ross , Edgar A. Brown , Swaminathan Rajaraman , Mark G. Allen , Bruce Wheeler
IPC分类号： C40B30/00 , B32B37/00 , C40B60/12 , C12N13/00
CPC分类号： C12N13/00 , B32B2535/00 , C12M1/42 , G01N33/4836 , G01N33/48728 , G01N33/48735 , Y10T156/10
摘要： Provided herein are apparatus and methods relating to the development of instrumentation for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis. More specifically, provided herein are multiwell microelectrode arrays (MEAs) and methods for the development of such an apparatus in an inexpensive fashion with a flexible, ANSI/SBS-compliant (American National Standards Institute/Society for Biomolecular Screening) format. Microelectrode arrays are a grid of tightly spaced microelectrodes useful for stimulating and sensing electrically active cells, networks and tissue. The techniques described herein relate to the use of microfabrication in combination with certain large-area processes that have been employed to achieve multiwell MEAs in ANSI/SBS-compliant culture well formats, which are also transparent for inverted/backside microscopy compatibility. These multiwell MEAs can be used to investigate two and three-dimensional networks of electrically active cells and tissue such as cardiac, neural, and muscular in a high throughput fashion. Also being ANSI/SBS-compliant, they are compatible with machinery and robotics developed for the pharmaceutical industry for drug screening applications.
摘要翻译：本文提供了与开发用于高通量网络电生理学和细胞分析的仪器相关的装置和方法。更具体地，本文提供了多孔微电极阵列（MEA）和用于以便宜的方式开发这种装置的方法，其具有柔性的符合ANSI / SBS（美国国家标准学会/生物分子筛选学会）的格式。微电极阵列是用于刺激和感测电活性细胞，网络和组织的紧密间隔的微电极的网格。本文所述的技术涉及使用微加工与已经用于实现符合ANSI / SBS的培养孔格式的多孔MEA的某些大面积方法的组合，其对于倒置/背面显微镜兼容性也是透明的。这些多孔MEA可用于以高通量方式研究电活性细胞和组织如心脏，神经和肌肉的两维和三维网络。同样符合ANSI / SBS标准，它们与制药行业开发用于药物筛选应用的机械和机器人兼容。

43. 发明申请

US20100048744A1 Particle Based Molding 有权
标题翻译：基于粒子的成型
公开(公告)号：US20100048744A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-25
申请号：US12299092
申请日：2007-04-30
申请人： Jung-hwan Park , Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz
发明人： Jung-hwan Park , Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz
IPC分类号： C08J9/35 , B29C35/08 , B29C35/02
CPC分类号： B29C35/0261 , A61M37/0015 , B29C35/0805 , B29C67/205 , B29C2035/0827 , B29K2105/251 , B29K2995/006 , B29L2031/7544
摘要： Various apparatuses, arrangements, and methods are provided for creating various structures including microstructures. In one embodiment, a method for creating a microstructure is provided comprising packing a plurality of particles into a micromold, and then applying energy to the particles in the micromold. As a result of the application of energy, a microstructure is formed in the micromold out of the particles. Thereafter, the microstructure is removed from the micromold.
摘要翻译：提供各种装置，布置和方法来产生包括微结构的各种结构。在一个实施例中，提供了一种用于产生微结构的方法，包括将多个颗粒包裹在微胶片中，然后将能量施加到微镜中的颗粒。作为施加能量的结果，在微粒中形成微结构。此后，将微观结构从微型金属中除去。

44. 发明授权

US07409117B2 Dynamic laser power control for gas species monitoring 失效
标题翻译：用于气体种类监测的动态激光功率控制
公开(公告)号：US07409117B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US11045513
申请日：2005-01-31
申请人： William A. Von Drasek , Shawn D. Wehe , Mark G. Allen
发明人： William A. Von Drasek , Shawn D. Wehe , Mark G. Allen
IPC分类号： G01N21/35
CPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N2201/12
摘要： A gas species monitoring system includes a laser, a fiber amplifier configured to receive an input signal from the laser and generate an amplified signal, and a variable optical attenuation system configured to receive at least a portion of the amplified signal and generate an attenuated signal for delivery to a measurement point, where the measurement point includes a gaseous fluid. The system further includes a detector configured to receive and process a signal from the measurement point so as to obtain a measured signal that correlates with the presence of a gas species within the gaseous fluid at the measurement point, and a processor in communication with at least the variable optical attenuation system and the detector. The processor controls the variable optical attenuation system based upon the measured signal.
摘要翻译：气体种类监测系统包括激光器，被配置为从激光器接收输入信号并产生放大信号的光纤放大器，以及可变光衰减系统，被配置为接收放大信号的至少一部分并产生衰减信号输送到测量点，其中测量点包括气态流体。该系统还包括检测器，其被配置为接收并处理来自测量点的信号，以便获得与测量点处的气态流体内的气体种类的存在相关的测量信号，以及至少与可变光衰减系统和检测器。处理器基于测量信号控制可变光衰减系统。

45. 发明授权

US07344499B1 Microneedle device for extraction and sensing of bodily fluids 有权
标题翻译：用于提取和检测体液的微针装置
公开(公告)号：US07344499B1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-18
申请号：US09453109
申请日：1999-12-02
申请人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Inder-Jeet Gujral
发明人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Inder-Jeet Gujral
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/150984 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150221 , A61B5/150229 , A61B5/150282 , A61B5/150358 , A61B5/418 , A61M37/0015 , B33Y80/00
摘要： Microneedle devices are provided for controlled sampling of biological fluids in a minimally-invasive, painless, and convenient manner. The microneedle devices permit in vivo sensing or withdrawal of biological fluids from the body, particularly from or through the skin or other tissue barriers, with minimal or no damage, pain, or irritation to the tissue. The microneedle device includes one or more microneedles, preferably in a three-dimensional array, a substrate to which the microneedles are connected, and at least one collection chamber and/or sensor in communication with the microneedles. Preferred embodiments further include a means for inducing biological fluid to be drawn through the microneedles and into the collection chamber for analysis. In a preferred embodiment, this induction is accomplished by use of a pressure gradient, which can be created for example by selectively increasing the interior volume of the collection chamber, which includes an elastic or movable portion engaged to a rigid base. Preferred biological fluids for withdrawal and/or sensing include blood, lymph, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid. Examples of analytes in the biological fluid to be measured include glucose, cholesterol, bilirubin, creatine, metabolic enzymes, hemoglobin, heparin, clotting factors, uric acid, carcinoembryonic antigen or other tumor antigens, reproductive hormones, oxygen, pH, alcohol, tobacco metabolites, and illegal drugs.
摘要翻译：微针装置用于以微创，无痛和方便的方式对生物流体进行受控采样。微针装置允许生物流体从体内，特别是从皮肤或通过皮肤或其他组织屏障体内检测或撤回，对组织进行最少或没有损伤，疼痛或刺激。微针装置包括一个或多个微针，优选地在三维阵列中，连接有微针的基底以及与微针连通的至少一个收集室和/或传感器。优选实施例还包括用于诱导生物流体被牵引通过微针并进入收集室进行分析的装置。在优选实施例中，该感应通过使用压力梯度来实现，该压力梯度可以例如通过选择性地增加收集室的内部容积而产生，其包括接合到刚性基座的弹性或可动部分。用于抽出和/或感测的优选生物流体包括血液，淋巴，间质液和细胞内液。要测量的生物流体中的分析物的实例包括葡萄糖，胆固醇，胆红素，肌酸，代谢酶，血红蛋白，肝素，凝血因子，尿酸，癌胚抗原或其他肿瘤抗原，生殖激素，氧，pH，酒精，烟草代谢物和非法毒品。

46. 发明授权

US07242569B2 Tunable capacitors using fluid dielectrics 有权
标题翻译：使用流体电介质的可调电容器
公开(公告)号：US07242569B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-10
申请号：US11452592
申请日：2006-06-15
申请人： Andrew T. Hunt , Mark G. Allen
发明人： Andrew T. Hunt , Mark G. Allen
IPC分类号： H01G7/00
CPC分类号： H01G5/0132 , H01G5/013
摘要： Capacitors 10, 20, 40, 50, 70, 80) having a fluid dielectric material that is transported or undergoes a phase change are disclosed. The dielectric medium change results in a change in the total dielectric constant of the material between the electrodes (12, 14, 72, 74, 81, 82), thus changing the capacitance of the capacitors. Transporting or phase changing the dielectric fluids into and out of a the electric field of the capacitor, changes the effective dielectric constant and the capacitance of the capacitor.
摘要翻译：公开了具有被输送或经历相变的流体介电材料的电容器10,20,40,50,70,80,80）。电介质的变化导致电极（12,14,72,74,81,82）之间的材料的总介电常数的变化，从而改变电容器的电容。将电介质流体输送或相位改变为电容器的电场，从而改变电容器的有效介电常数和电容。

47. 发明授权

US06544811B2 Micromachined device having electrically isolated components and a method for making the same 失效
标题翻译：具有电隔离部件的微加工装置及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06544811B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-08
申请号：US09766521
申请日：2001-01-19
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Charles C. Chung
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Charles C. Chung
IPC分类号： H01L2100
CPC分类号： H01L21/761 , B81B3/0086 , B81B2201/033 , Y10S257/93
摘要： A micromachined structure having electrically isolated components is formed by thermomigrating a dopant through a substrate to form a doped region within the substrate. The doped region separates two portions of the substrate. The dopant is selected such that the doped region electrically isolates the two portions of the substrate from each other via junction isolation.
摘要翻译：具有电隔离组分的微加工结构通过通过衬底热掺杂掺杂剂形成，以在衬底内形成掺杂区域。掺杂区域分离衬底的两部分。选择掺杂剂使得掺杂区域通过结隔离将衬底的两个部分彼此电隔离。

48. 发明授权

US06503231B1 Microneedle device for transport of molecules across tissue 失效
标题翻译：用于分子穿过组织的微针装置
公开(公告)号：US06503231B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-07
申请号：US09095221
申请日：1998-06-10
申请人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Devin V. McAllister , Sebastien Henry
发明人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Devin V. McAllister , Sebastien Henry
IPC分类号： A61M532
CPC分类号： B81C1/00111 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150282 , A61B5/150984 , A61B17/205 , A61B2010/008 , A61K9/0021 , A61M37/0015 , A61M2037/003 , A61M2037/0053 , A61N1/303 , B33Y80/00 , B81B2201/055
摘要： Microneedle devices for transport of therapeutic and diagnostic materials and/or energy across tissue barriers, and methods for manufacturing the devices, are provided. The microneedles are hollow and/or porous and have diameters between about 10 nm and 1 mm. The microneedle devices permit drug delivery (or removal or sensing of body fluids) at clinically relevant rates across skin or other tissue barriers, without damage, pain, or irritation to the tissue. Microfabrication techniques are used to cost-effectively produce arrays of microneedles from metals, silicon, silicon dioxide, ceramic, and polymeric materials. Methods are provided for making porous or hollow microneedles.
摘要翻译：提供了用于在组织屏障上传送治疗和诊断材料和/或能量的微针装置，以及用于制造装置的方法。微针是中空的和/或多孔的并且具有在约10nm和1mm之间的直径。微针装置允许在皮肤或其他组织屏障上的临床相关速率的药物递送（或去除或感测体液），而不会对组织造成伤害，疼痛或刺激。微加工技术用于经济高效地从金属，硅，二氧化硅，陶瓷和聚合物材料制造微针阵列。提供用于制造多孔或中空微针的方法。

49. 发明授权

US06457654B1 Micromachined synthetic jet actuators and applications thereof 失效
标题翻译：微加工合成射流致动器及其应用
公开(公告)号：US06457654B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US08969589
申请日：1997-11-13
申请人： Ari Glezer , Mark G. Allen
发明人： Ari Glezer , Mark G. Allen
IPC分类号： B05B1704
CPC分类号： B64C21/08 , B64C2230/04 , B64C2230/06 , B64C2230/14 , B64C2230/16 , B64C2230/18 , B64G1/26 , B64G1/40 , B64G1/401 , F01D5/148 , F02K1/28 , F15C1/14 , F15C5/00 , F15D1/009 , F15D1/08 , F15D1/12 , F16K99/0001 , F16K99/0007 , F16K99/0034 , F16K99/0048 , F16K2099/0094 , F16K2099/0098 , F21V29/677 , F21V29/70 , F21V29/83 , F23R3/24 , F28F13/02 , H01L23/4336 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/3011 , H05K7/20172 , Y02T50/166 , Y02T50/672 , Y02T50/673 , H01L2924/00
摘要： The present invention involves micromachined synthetic jet actuators, or “microjet” actuators. These fluidic control devices may be fabricated using standard silicon micromachining techniques and comprise an orifice situated atop an actuator cavity which is bounded at least partially by a flexible membrane. Alternatively, microjets may be formed in more robust substrates, such as metals or ceramics. Vibration of the membrane using either electrostatic or piezoelectric drives results in a turbulent air jet formed normal to the microjet orifice. The jet stream is synthesized by a train of vortex rings. Each vortex is formed by the motion of the diaphragm and is advanced away from the jet under self-induced velocity. Alternatively, the microjet actuator can comprise a “piston in cylinder” to take the functional place of the vibrating diaphragm. This can be accomplished by changing the aspect ratio of the actuator cavity to a deeper, more cylindrical shape. A piston-like actuator can then be realized by using a “bossed” diaphragm. An improvement to microjets is the use of modulators with the jet actuators. Modulators are generally devices to selectively cover and uncover the orifice of a synthetic jet actuator in order to prevent either flow into or out of the jet cavity. Such modulators are fabricated as either vertical drive, lateral drive or constricting modulators.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及微机加工的合成射流致动器或“微喷”致动器。这些流体控制装置可以使用标准硅微加工技术制造，并且包括位于致动器空腔顶部的孔口，致动器空腔至少部分地由柔性膜限定。或者，微孔可以形成在更坚固的基底中，例如金属或陶瓷。使用静电或压电驱动的膜的振动导致与微喷嘴孔垂直形成的湍流空气喷射。喷气流由一系列涡旋环合成。每个涡流由隔膜的运动形成，并在自身引发的速度下从射流前进。或者，微型喷墨致动器可以包括“活塞在气缸中”以占据振动膜片的功能位置。这可以通过将致动器腔的纵横比改变为更深，更圆柱形的形状来实现。然后可以通过使用“凸起的”隔膜来实现活塞式致动器。微喷射器的改进是使用具有喷射致动器的调制器。调制器通常是选择性地覆盖和揭开合成射流致动器的孔口的装置，以防止流入或流出喷射空腔。这样的调制器被制造为垂直驱动，侧向驱动或收缩调制器。

50. 发明授权

US06429652B1 System and method of providing a resonant micro-compass 失效
标题翻译：提供谐振微罗盘的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06429652B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09598621
申请日：2000-06-21
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Thierry C. Leichle
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Thierry C. Leichle
IPC分类号： G01R3302
CPC分类号： G01R33/02 , G01C17/28
摘要： A resonant micro-compass for detecting the Earth's magnetic field while requiring minimal power is disclosed Generally, the micro-compass comprises a resonant structure that is driven at its resonant frequency, which requires minimal power. The resonant frequency of the resonant structure is then measured and the resonant structure is caused to oscillate. A magnet is located on the resonant structure such that introduction of the Earth's magnetic field to the oscillating resonant structure causes a reaction by the magnet which, in turn, changes the resonant frequency of the resonant structure to shift. This shift of resonant frequency is then measured, thereby allowing the micro-compass to detect the direction of the magnetic field with extreme accuracy.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在需要最小功率的情况下检测地球磁场的共振微罗盘。通常，微罗盘包括以其谐振频率驱动的谐振结构，其需要最小的功率。然后测量谐振结构的谐振频率并使谐振结构振荡。磁体位于谐振结构上，使得将地球磁场引入振荡谐振结构引起磁体的反应，磁体又使谐振结构的谐振频率发生变化。然后测量谐振频率的偏移，从而允许微罗盘以极高的精度检测磁场的方向。

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