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41. 发明授权

US08350846B2 Updating ray traced acceleration data structures between frames based on changing perspective 有权
标题翻译：基于不断变化的视角，更新光线跟踪帧之间的加速度数据结构
公开(公告)号：US08350846B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US12361019
申请日：2009-01-28
申请人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer , Matthew Ray Tubbs
发明人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer , Matthew Ray Tubbs
IPC分类号： G06T15/00 , G06T15/50 , G06T15/60 , G06T1/00 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T17/005
摘要： A method, program product and system for conducting a ray tracing operation where the rendering compute requirement is reduced or otherwise adjusted in response to a changing vantage point. Aspects may update or reuse an acceleration data structure between frames in response to the changing vantage point. Tree and image construction quality may be adjusted in response to rapid changes in the camera perspective. Alternatively or additionally, tree building cycles may be skipped. All or some of the tree structure may be built in intervals, e.g., after a preset number of frames. More geometric image data may be added per leaf node in the tree in response to an increase in the rate of change. The quality of the rendering algorithm may additionally be reduced. A ray tracing algorithm may decrease the depth of recursion, and generate fewer cast and secondary rays. The ray tracer may further reduce the quality of soft shadows, resolution and global illumination samples, among other quality parameters. Alternatively, tree rebuilding may be skipped entirely in response to a high camera rate of change. Associated processes may create blur between frames to simulate motion blur.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行光线跟踪操作的方法，程序产品和系统，其中响应于不断变化的有利位置来减少或以其他方式调整渲染计算要求。响应于不断变化的有利位置，方面可以更新或重新使用帧之间的加速度数据结构。可以根据相机视角的快速变化来调整树木和图像施工质量。或者或另外，可以跳过建树循环。树结构的全部或一些可以以间隔内置，例如在预设数量的帧之后。响应于变化率的增加，可以在树中的每个叶节点添加更多的几何图像数据。还可以减少渲染算法的质量。光线跟踪算法可以减少递归深度，并产生更少的投射和二次光线。光线跟踪器可以进一步降低软阴影，分辨率和全局照明样本的质量以及其他质量参数。或者，可以根据高摄像机的变化率来完全地跳过树重建。相关过程可能会在帧之间产生模糊以模拟运动模糊。

42. 发明授权

US08330765B2 Rolling context data structure for maintaining state data in a multithreaded image processing pipeline 有权
标题翻译：用于在多线程图像处理流水线中维护状态数据的滚动上下文数据结构
公开(公告)号：US08330765B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-11
申请号：US12046573
申请日：2008-03-12
申请人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer
发明人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer
IPC分类号： G06F15/80 , G06F15/00 , G06T1/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： A multithreaded rendering software pipeline architecture utilizes a rolling context data structure to store multiple contexts that are associated with different image elements that are being processed in the software pipeline. Each context stores state data for a particular image element, and the association of each image element with a context is maintained as the image element is passed from stage to stage of the software pipeline, thus ensuring that the state used by the different stages of the software pipeline when processing the image element remains coherent irrespective of state changes made for other image elements being processed by the software pipeline. Multiple image elements may therefore be processed concurrently by the software pipeline, and often without regard for synchronization or serialization of state changes that affect only certain image elements.
摘要翻译：多线程渲染软件流水线架构利用滚动上下文数据结构来存储与在软件流水线中处理的不同图像元素相关联的多个上下文。每个上下文存储特定图像元素的状态数据，并且当图像元素从软件流水线的阶段传递到阶段时，维护每个图像元素与上下文的关联，从而确保由图像元素的不同阶段使用的状态处理图像元素时的软件流水线保持一致，而与由软件流水线处理的其他图像元素的状态变化无关。因此，多个图像元素可以由软件管线同时处理，并且通常不考虑仅影响某些图像元素的状态改变的同步或串行化。

43. 发明授权

US08243073B2 Tree insertion depth adjustment based on view frustum and distance culling 有权
标题翻译：基于视锥截面和距离剔除的树插入深度调整
公开(公告)号：US08243073B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12361006
申请日：2009-01-28
申请人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer , Matthew Ray Tubbs
发明人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer , Matthew Ray Tubbs
IPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06T15/00 , G06T15/40 , G06T15/10 , G06T15/20 , G06T15/06
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T17/005
摘要： A method, program product and system for conducting a ray tracing operation where the rendering compute requirement is reduced by varying the size of bounding volumes into which image data is divided and/or by varying a number of primitives included within nodes of an acceleration data structure that correspond to the bounding volumes.
摘要翻译：一种用于进行光线跟踪操作的方法，程序产品和系统，其中通过改变分割图像数据的边界体积的大小和/或通过改变包括在加速度数据结构的节点内的原始数量来减少渲染计算要求对应于边界体积。

44. 发明申请

US20110063285A1 RENDERING OF STEREOSCOPIC IMAGES WITH MULTITHREADED RENDERING SOFTWARE PIPELINE 失效
标题翻译：多彩渲染软件管道呈现立体图像
公开(公告)号：US20110063285A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-17
申请号：US12558755
申请日：2009-09-14
申请人： Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer
发明人： Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Paul Emery Schardt , Robert Allen Shearer
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , H04N13/275
摘要： A circuit arrangement, program product and circuit arrangement render stereoscopic images in a multithreaded rendering software pipeline using first and second rendering channels respectively configured to render left and right views for the stereoscopic image. Separate transformations are applied to received vertex data to generate transformed vertex data for use by each of the first and second rendering channels in rendering the left and right views for the stereoscopic image.
摘要翻译：电路装置，程序产品和电路装置使用分别被配置为呈现立体图像的左视图和右视图的第一和第二渲染通道在多线程渲染软件流水线中呈现立体图像。将单独的变换应用于接收的顶点数据，以生成经变换的顶点数据，供第一和第二渲染通道中的每一个呈现用于立体图像的左视图和右视图。

45. 发明授权

US07836258B2 Dynamic data cache invalidate with data dependent expiration 有权
标题翻译：动态数据缓存无效，与数据相关的到期
公开(公告)号：US07836258B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US11559090
申请日：2006-11-13
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0875 , G06F12/0808 , G06F12/1045 , G06T1/60
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, a distributed time base signal may be coupled to a memory directory which provides address translation for data located within a memory cache. The memory directory may have attribute bits which indicate whether or not the memory entries have been accessed by the distributed time base signal. Furthermore, the memory directory may have attribute bits which indicate whether or not a memory directory entry should be considered invalid after an access to the memory entry by the distributed time base signal. If the memory directory entry has been accessed by the distributed time base signal and the memory directory entry should be considered invalid after the access by the time base signal, any attempted address translation using the memory directory entry may cause a cache miss. The cache miss may initiate the retrieval of valid data from memory.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，分布式时基信号可以耦合到为位于存储器高速缓存内的数据提供地址转换的存储器目录。存储器目录可以具有指示存储器条目是否已经被分布式时基信号访问的属性位。此外，存储器目录可以具有指示在通过分布式时基信号访问存储器条目之后存储目录条目是否应被视为无效的属性位。如果通过分布式时基信号访问存储器目录条目，并且在通过时基信号访问之后，存储器目录条目应被视为无效，则使用存储器目录条目的任何尝试的地址转换可能导致高速缓存未命中。高速缓存未命中可以启动从存储器检索有效数据。

46. 发明申请

US20090070398A1 Method and Apparatus for an Area Efficient Transcendental Estimate Algorithm 失效
标题翻译：用于区域有效超验估计算法的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20090070398A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-12
申请号：US11851658
申请日：2007-09-07
申请人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff , Matthew Ray Tubbs
发明人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff , Matthew Ray Tubbs
IPC分类号： G06F7/38
CPC分类号： G06F7/548
摘要： A method, computer-readable medium, and an apparatus for generating a transcendental value. The method includes receiving an input containing an input value and an opcode and determining whether the opcode corresponds to a trigonometric operation or a power-of-two operation. The method also includes calculating a fractional value and an integer value from the input value, generating the transcendental value based on the fractional value by adding at least a portion of the fractional value with at least one of a shifted fractional value produced by shifting the portion of the fractional value and a constant value, and providing the transcendental value in response to the request. In this fashion, the same circuit area may be used to carry out both trigonometric and power-of-two calculations, leading to greater circuit area savings and performance advantages while not sacrificing significant accuracy.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生超验值的方法，计算机可读介质和装置。该方法包括接收包含输入值和操作码的输入，并确定操作码是否对应于三角运算或二进制运算。该方法还包括从输入值计算分数值和整数值，通过将分数值的至少一部分与通过移动部分产生的移位分数值中的至少一个相加而基于分数值生成超越值的分数值和恒定值，并且响应于该请求提供超验值。以这种方式，可以使用相同的电路面积来执行三角和二次幂计算，导致更大的电路面积节省和性能优点，而不牺牲显着的精度。

47. 发明申请

US20090037694A1 Load Misaligned Vector with Permute and Mask Insert 失效
标题翻译：加载不对齐矢量与Permute和Mask插入
公开(公告)号：US20090037694A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-05
申请号：US11830920
申请日：2007-07-31
申请人： David Arnold Luick , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff
发明人： David Arnold Luick , Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff
IPC分类号： G06F9/315
CPC分类号： G06F9/30032 , G06F9/30018 , G06F9/30036 , G06F9/30043 , G06F9/30109 , G06F9/3816 , G06F9/3824
摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide logic within the store data path between a processor and a memory array. The logic may be configured to misalign vector data as it is stored to memory. By misaligning vector data as it is stored to memory, memory bandwidth may be maximized while processing bandwidth required to store vector data misaligned is minimized. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention provide logic within the load data path which allows vector data which is stored misaligned to be aligned as it is loaded into a vector register. By aligning misaligned vector data as it is loaded into a vector register, memory bandwidth may be maximized while processing bandwidth required to align misaligned vector data may be minimized.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供处理器和存储器阵列之间的存储数据路径内的逻辑。逻辑可以被配置为在向量数据存储到存储器时将其对准。通过在将矢量数据存储到存储器时将其对准，存储器带宽可以最大化，而存储向量数据不对齐所需的处理带宽最小化。此外，本发明的实施例提供了负载数据路径内的逻辑，其允许存储的未对准的矢量数据在被加载到向量寄存器中时被对准。通过在将其加载到向量寄存器中时对准未对齐的矢量数据，可以最大化存储器带宽，同时可以最小化对准未对齐矢量数据所需的处理带宽。

48. 发明申请

US20080263339A1 Method and Apparatus for Context Switching and Synchronization 失效
标题翻译：用于上下文切换和同步的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080263339A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11736936
申请日：2007-04-18
申请人： Jon K. Kriegel , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jon K. Kriegel , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06F9/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4812 , G06F9/461 , G06F9/463 , G06F9/5016 , G06F9/5027 , G06F12/0837 , G06F12/0842 , G06F12/1054 , G06F12/126 , G06F2209/481 , G06F2209/5018
摘要： A method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus for context switching between a first thread and a second thread. The method includes detecting an exception, wherein the exception is generated in response to receiving a packet of information directed to one of the first thread and the second thread, and in response to detecting the exception, invoking an exception handler. The exception handler is configured to execute one or more instructions removing access to at least a portion of a processor cache. The portion of the processor cache contains cached information for the first thread using a first address translation. Removing access to the portion of the processor cache prevents the second thread using a second address translation from accessing the cached information in the processor cache. The exception handler is also configured to branch to at least one of the first thread and the second thread.
摘要翻译：一种用于第一线程和第二线程之间的上下文切换的方法，计算机可读介质和装置。该方法包括检测异常，其中响应于接收到针对第一线程和第二线程之一的信息的分组而产生异常，并且响应于检测到该异常，调用异常处理程序。异常处理程序被配置为执行一个或多个指令，以移除对处理器高速缓存的至少一部分的访问。处理器缓存的部分包含使用第一个地址转换的第一个线程的缓存信息。去除对处理器高速缓存部分的访问阻止使用第二地址转换的第二线程访问处理器高速缓存中的缓存信息。异常处理程序还被配置为分支到第一线程和第二线程中的至少一个。

49. 发明申请

US20080180441A1 Stochastic Culling of Rays with Increased Depth of Recursion 有权
标题翻译：随机递减光栅深度递减
公开(公告)号：US20080180441A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US11627464
申请日：2007-01-26
申请人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
发明人： Jeffrey Douglas Brown , Russell Dean Hoover , Eric Oliver Mejdrich
IPC分类号： G06T15/10
CPC分类号： G06T15/40 , G06T15/06
摘要： According to embodiments of the invention, rays may be stochastically culled before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene. Stochastically culling rays may reduce the number of rays which need to be traced by the image processing system. Furthermore, by stochastically culling rays before they are issued into the three-dimensional scene, minor imperfections may be added to the final rendered image, thereby improving the realism of the rendered image. Therefore, stochastic culling of rays may improve the performance of the image processing system by reducing workload imposed on the image processing system and improving the realism of the images rendered by the image processing system. According to another embodiment of the invention, the realism of images rendered by the image processing system may also be improved by stochastically adding secondary rays after ray-primitive intersections have occurred.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的实施例，射线可以在它们被发放到三维场景之前被随机地淘汰。随机剔除光线可能减少图像处理系统需要追踪的光线数量。此外，通过在将它们发布到三维场景之前随机剔除光线，可以将最小的缺陷添加到最终渲染图像，从而改善渲染图像的真实性。因此，通过减少图像处理系统的工作量，提高图像处理系统所呈现的图像的真实性，可以提高图像处理系统的性能。根据本发明的另一个实施例，图像处理系统呈现的图像的真实性也可以通过在发生光线原始交点之后随机添加二次光线来改善。

50. 发明申请

US20080122854A1 Operand Multiplexor Control Modifier Instruction in a Fine Grain Multithreaded Vector Microprocessor 失效
标题翻译：精细多线程向量微处理器中的操作数多路复用器控制修改器指令
公开(公告)号：US20080122854A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11564072
申请日：2006-11-28
申请人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff , Matthew Ray Tubbs
发明人： Eric Oliver Mejdrich , Adam James Muff , Matthew Ray Tubbs
IPC分类号： G06T1/00
CPC分类号： G06T1/20
摘要： The present invention is generally related to the field of image processing, and more specifically to an instruction set for processing images. Vector processing may involve rearranging vector operands in one or more source registers prior to performing vector operations. Typically, rearranging of operands in source registers is done by issuing a plurality of permute instructions that require excessive usage of temporary registers. Furthermore, the permute instructions may cause dependencies between instructions executing in a pipeline, thereby adversely affecting performance. Embodiments of the invention provide a level of muxing between a register file and a vector unit that allow for rearrangement of vector operands in source registers prior to providing the operands to the vector unit, thereby obviating the need for permute instructions.
摘要翻译：本发明通常涉及图像处理领域，更具体地涉及用于处理图像的指令集。矢量处理可以包括在执行向量操作之前在一个或多个源寄存器中重新排列向量操作数。通常，通过发出需要临时寄存器过度使用的多个置换指令来完成源寄存器中操作数的重新排列。此外，置换指令可能导致在流水线中执行的指令之间的相关性，从而不利地影响性能。本发明的实施例提供了一种在寄存器文件和向量单元之间的复用水平，其允许在将操作数提供给向量单元之前重新排列源寄存器中的向量操作数，从而避免了对置换指令的需要。

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