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    • 33. 发明授权
    • Force transducer, particularly for ballistic pressure measuring
    • 力传感器,特别适用于弹道压力测量
    • US4379405A
    • 1983-04-12
    • US270842
    • 1981-06-05
    • Paul EngelerHans C. SondereggerPeter Wolfer
    • Paul EngelerHans C. SondereggerPeter Wolfer
    • F42B35/00G01L1/16G01L5/14G01L23/10
    • G01L5/14F42B35/00G01L1/16G01L23/10
    • A force transducer, particularly for the ballistic measuring of the combustion pressure in the cartridge case of a firearm, is disclosed which includes a force transmission element which rests with one of its front areas on the cartridge case. The force transmission element is surrounded on its exterior by an outer sleeve which also rests with its front area on the cartridge case. The front areas of the force transmission element and of the outer sleeve are exactly adapted to the curvature of the cartridge case by reaming after the transducer has been mounted in the firearm. With the combustion of the powder, the cartridge case expands and transmits its force to a sensor element via the force transmission element, with the sensor element being preferably in the form of at least one piezoelectric transversal quartz element which is held under pretension between the force transmission element and a basic receiver component. The spring rigidity of the force transmission element and the spring rigidity of the outer sleeve are matched in such a way that both parts yield essentially to the same extent to the pressures acting upon them in the axial direction of the transducer. The result is that the contact conditions of the cartridge case with the front area of the force transmission piston do not change appreciably after the expansion in comparison with the initial conditions so that a calibration curve of the force transducer which is independent of the installation can be supplied by the manufacturer.
    • 公开了一种力传感器,特别是用于弹药测量枪支的盒壳体中的燃烧压力,其包括一个力传递元件,该力传递元件与其在盒壳体上的一个前区域相连。 力传递元件在其外部由外套筒包围,外套筒也随着其在盒壳体上的前部区域而固定。 力传递元件和外套筒的前部区域在传感器已经安装在枪支中之后通过铰孔精确地适应盒壳体的曲率。 随着粉末的燃烧,盒壳体通过力传递元件膨胀并传递其力到传感器元件,传感器元件优选地为至少一个压电横向石英元件的形式,该压电横向石英元件保持在力 传输元件和基本接收器组件。 力传递元件的弹簧刚度和外套筒的弹簧刚度相匹配,使得两个部件基本上产生与在换能器的轴向上作用在它们上的压力相同的程度。 结果是,与初始条件相比,盒壳体与力传递活塞的前部区域的接触条件在膨胀之后没有明显改变,使得独立于安装的力传感器的校准曲线可以是 由制造商提供。
    • 34. 发明授权
    • Building for detonating explosives
    • 炸药爆炸大厦
    • US4357882A
    • 1982-11-09
    • US195212
    • 1980-10-07
    • Hans Hiorth
    • Hans Hiorth
    • E04H9/14E04B1/98F42B35/00F42D5/00F42D5/055G01N33/22E05G1/02E02D27/00
    • F42D5/045E04B1/98
    • A building structure for recurrent detonation of explosive charges of up to several hundreds of kilos with the aim to obtain effective sound dampening and economical use of materials.The building comprises a tube shaped steel structure (2) with two gable walls (4,4) inside the tube and which defines an explosion chamber (6) in the center portion thereof. One or preferably both of said two gable walls are apertured by a plurality of through-going openings. A webbed wall or the like (20) is situated at least in one end portion of the tube which together with respective adjacent gable wall (4) defines one, respectively two, gable chambers (16) which are filled with a mass of stones (18) or the like. The tube shaped steel structure is positioned horizontally and freely resting on a sand bed (36) or the like and is covered along its entire length with sand (38). The building is effective to obtain a sound dampened gas discharge and a pressure relief.
    • 一种建筑结构,可反复爆炸高达数百公斤的爆炸物,目的是获得有效的声音衰减和经济使用的材料。 该建筑物包括管状钢结构(2),其中管内有两个山墙(4,4),并在其中心部分限定了一个爆炸室(6)。 所述两个山墙中的一个或优选地两个由多个贯穿开口开孔。 网壁或类似物(20)至少位于管的一个端部中,其与相应的相邻壁板(4)一起分别限定一个分别为两个的山形腔室(16),其中填充有大量石头 18)等。 管状钢结构水平且自由地定位在沙床(36)等上,并且其整个长度用砂(38)覆盖。 该建筑物有效地获得声音遏制气体排放和压力释放。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Linear and angular velocity brake
    • 线性和角速度制动
    • US3628633A
    • 1971-12-21
    • US3628633D
    • 1970-02-25
    • US ARMY
    • MEEKS ALBERT D
    • F16D63/00F16F7/08F42B35/00F16F7/12
    • F16D63/00F16F7/08F42B35/00
    • A unidirectional braking device comprising a pliable member which is located partially in the path of a moving object for providing the retarding force to the object and a support member to substantially prevent the pliable member from yielding in the forward direction and to permit substantial yielding of the pliable member in the reverse direction. The pliable member comprises a material which is yieldable under the force created by the transmission of the object and braking is accomplished by means of friction between the pliable member and the object. In order to achieve directionality of braking, a nonyielding support member is located to the forward side of the pliable member and is coextensive with the pliable member but recessed from the path of the object. A more gradual braking effect can be achieved with the use of a plurality of pliable members spaced apart by support members, the entire unit being rigidly held together. Each of the support members are coextensive with the pliable members at the forward side of each of the pliable members. A space is provided at the reverse side between each of the support members and the pliable members to permit the pliable members to yield in the reverse direction. This space comprises a recess located at each of the support members. Angular and linear retarding forces to spinning cylindrical projectiles may be achieved by the use of a cylindrical brake.