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31. 发明授权

US4703496A Automatic x-ray image brightness control 失效
标题翻译：自动X射线图像亮度控制
公开(公告)号：US4703496A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-27
申请号：US8089
申请日：1987-01-22
申请人： Thomas V. Meccariello , Gary F. Relihan
发明人： Thomas V. Meccariello , Gary F. Relihan
IPC分类号： H05G1/64 , A61B6/00 , G01N23/04 , H04N5/32 , H04N7/18 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60
摘要： A voltage signal proportional to the brightness of an x-ray image is derived. In a mA loop the ratio of a reference voltage to brightness is determined. If the brightness ratio does not equal 1 it causes the x-ray tube current controller to adjust current (mA) to eliminate the error. A command proportionate to the ratio is stored until the next image frame. In a kV loop a ratio of the last mA command and a set limit for mA is taken. This error ratio is multiplied by the brightness ratio to provide a kV control ratio indicative of how much of the brightness error the kV loop is obliged to correct. The kV control ratio is corrected for nonlinearity between kV change and brightness change and the resulting command is used to adjust the kV applied to the x-ray tube anode. In a video gain control loop a ratio is taken between the stored last brightness ratio or mA command and maximum mA command limit and the brightness change resulting from the last kV control command is ratioed to the maximum brightness factor limit. The result of multiplying the last two mentioned ratios and the brightness ratio is the new video gain (VG) control signal. The VG signal is used to adjust the f-stop of the video camera and the electronic gain to change brightness.
摘要翻译：导出与X射线图像的亮度成比例的电压信号。在mA环路中，确定参考电压与亮度的比值。如果亮度比不等于1，则X射线管电流控制器调节电流（mA）以消除误差。与比例成比例的命令被存储直到下一个图像帧。在一个kV环路中，采用最后的mA指令和mA的设定极限的比例。该误差比乘以亮度比，以提供kV控制比，其指示kV环必须校正多少亮度误差。对kV变化和亮度变化之间的非线性校正了kV控制比，并且所得到的命令用于调整施加到x射线管阳极的kV。在视频增益控制环路中，存储的最后一个亮度比或mA指令与最大mA指令极限之间取一个比例，并且由最后一个kV控制指令得到的亮度变化与最大亮度因子限制相比。乘以最后两个比例和亮度比的结果是新的视频增益（VG）控制信号。 VG信号用于调整摄像机的f-stop和电子增益以改变亮度。

32. 发明授权

US4520494A X-ray diagnostic apparatus 失效
标题翻译： X光诊断仪
公开(公告)号：US4520494A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US502117
申请日：1983-06-08
申请人： Masataka Arita , Mitsuyoshi Matsubara
发明人： Masataka Arita , Mitsuyoshi Matsubara
IPC分类号： H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , H05G1/46 , G03B41/16 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/30
CPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34
摘要： A falling load type X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprises a low voltage power source, AC-DC converting means connected to the low voltage power source so as to apply a rectified low DC voltage, chopping means connected to the AC-DC converting means and chopping said DC voltage into a low AC voltage, high voltage applying means for transforming said low AC voltage into a high AC voltage, said high AC voltage being applied as a tube voltage to an X-ray tube from which X-rays are irradiated toward an object to be examined, means for controlling a filament heating power of the X-ray tube, programming means for supplying a control signal to said filament heating control means so as to reduce the emission current of said X-ray tube during the irradiation, and chopper control means for controlling the chopping ratio of said chopping means by evaluating said rectified DC voltage with a preset tube voltage generated in said programming means, said programming means compensating said tube voltage by receiving said control signal in such a manner that said tube voltage is maintained substantially constant during the irradiation by varying said preset tube voltage so as to control the chopping ratio based upon the reduction of the filament heating power for the X-ray tube.
摘要翻译：跌落型X射线诊断装置包括低压电源，连接到低压电源的AC-DC转换装置，以施加整流的低DC电压，连接到AC-DC转换装置的斩波装置和斩波将所述直流电压转换为低交流电压，将所述低交流电压变换为高交流电压的高电压施加装置，将所述高交流电压作为管电压施加到从其照射X射线的X射线管被检查对象，用于控制X射线管的灯丝加热功率的装置，用于向所述灯丝加热控制装置提供控制信号以减少照射期间所述X射线管的发射电流的编程装置，以及斩波控制装置，用于通过用在所述编程装置中产生的预设管电压评估所述整流DC电压来控制所述斩波装置的斩波比，所述编程装置补偿所述管电压通过接收所述控制信号，使得通过改变所述预设管电压，在照射期间所述管电压保持基本上恒定，以便基于X射线管的灯丝加热功率的减小来控制斩波比。

33. 发明授权

US4454606A Reconfigurable x-ray AEC compensation 失效
标题翻译：可重构x射线AEC补偿
公开(公告)号：US4454606A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US497098
申请日：1983-05-23
申请人： Gary F. Relihan
发明人： Gary F. Relihan
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/44
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , A61B6/583 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/46
摘要： An automatic x-ray exposure time control wherein compensation curves representative of plots and reference signal voltages versus integrated x-ray dose signals can be reconfigured to account for the variable effects on x-ray film density resulting from the specific image receptor, collimator field area, x-ray intensity sensor and density factor used in any x-ray exposure technique over a range of operator-selected x-ray tube kilovoltage (kV) and current (mA). Data for a relatively small number of basic compensation curves are obtained and stored in ROMs. These curves are plots of exposure times versus integrated x-ray dose signals which resulted in producing a constant predetermined and desired film density for whatever amount of x-ray attenuating material is in the x-ray beam. Each basic curve is obtained with the x-ray tube operating at a particular kV and mA. Gain factors are developed in accordance with the respective image receptor, x-ray sensor, collimator setting and density factor used during an actual patient exposure. A basic compensation curve is called up in response to the user selecting a tube kV and mA. The ordinates of the basic curve are multiplied by the gain factors. The results are acted on by an algorithm that yields a corrected compensation curve and the data are put in a memory device in the form of binary representations of reference voltages versus exposure times. During an exposure the reference voltages are clocked out in time sequence and compared with the integrated dosage signal. When a comparison is made, the exposure is caused to terminate.
摘要翻译：自动X射线曝光时间控制，其中表示绘图和参考信号电压的相对于集成X射线剂量信号的补偿曲线可以被重新配置以解释由特定图像受体，准直器场区域产生的对x射线胶片密度的可变影响，x射线强度传感器和在任何x射线曝光技术中使用的密度因子在一系列操作者选择的x射线管千伏（kV）和电流（mA）之间。获得相对较少数量的基本补偿曲线的数据并将其存储在ROM中。这些曲线是暴露时间与集成x射线剂量信号的曲线图，其导致在x射线束中的任何量的X射线衰减材料产生恒定的预定和期望的膜密度。每个基本曲线都可以用x射线管在特定的kV和mA下工作。根据在实际患者暴露期间使用的各自的图像受体，x射线传感器，准直器设置和密度因子来开发增益因子。响应于用户选择管kV和mA，调用基本补偿曲线。基本曲线的纵坐标乘以增益因子。结果通过产生校正补偿曲线的算法来执行，并且以参考电压与曝光时间的二进制表示的形式将数据放入存储器件中。在曝光期间，参考电压按时间顺序输出，并与积分剂量信号进行比较。当进行比较时，曝光被终止。

34. 发明授权

US4309613A X-Ray diagnostic device for fluoroscopic examination and film exposure 失效
标题翻译：用于荧光检查和胶片曝光的X射线诊断装置
公开(公告)号：US4309613A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US94767
申请日：1979-11-14
申请人： Klaus Brunn , Eike Matura , Walter Polster , Herbert Schmitmann
发明人： Klaus Brunn , Eike Matura , Walter Polster , Herbert Schmitmann
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/30
CPC分类号： H05G1/46
摘要： An exemplary embodiment comprises an image intensifier television chain, a device for dose output regulation during fluoroscopy, a function generator for determining the exposure voltage from the fluoroscopic voltage, and an automatic exposure control which keeps the integral of the light output from image intensifier per exposure constant. A manual selector is present by which the exposure voltage can be set, e.g. at any whole number value between 50 kV and 125 kV independently of the automatic circuit for setting this voltage. The automatic exposure control is designed in such manner that, given the manual setting of the exposure voltage, the function generator changes the x-ray tube current given constant exposure time for patient thicknesses that lie below a lower value and, for patient thicknesses above this lower value, changes the exposure time given constant x-ray tube current.
摘要翻译：示例性实施例包括图像增强器电视链，用于荧光透视期间的剂量输出调节的装置，用于从荧光检测电压确定曝光电压的功能发生器，以及每次曝光保持图像增强器的光输出积分的自动曝光控制不变。存在可以设置曝光电压的手动选择器，例如。在50 kV至125 kV之间的任何整数值，与设置该电压的自动电路无关。自动曝光控制的设计方式是，在给定曝光电压的手动设定的情况下，函数发生器将给定恒定曝光时间的X射线管电流改变为低于较低值的患者厚度，并且对于高于该值的患者厚度更低的值，改变给定恒定X射线管电流的曝光时间。

35. 发明授权

US4119856A X-ray diagnostic apparatus for producing series exposures 失效
标题翻译：用于产生系列曝光的X射线诊断装置
公开(公告)号：US4119856A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-10
申请号：US749038
申请日：1976-12-09
申请人： Kurt Franke
发明人： Kurt Franke
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/30
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/46
摘要： In conjunction with a known type of dose rate regulator adapted to reduce X-ray tube voltage when the exposure time set by the automatic exposure control drops below a lower time limit and to increase the voltage when the exposure time exceeds an upper time limit, manually operable switch means is provided having respective keys for selection of a preprogrammed shortest possible exposure time or a preprogrammed maximum exposure time and for simultaneously switching off the automatic exposure control and for actuating the dose rate regulator to form an automatic exposure means by transmitting thereto a reference value signal corresponding to optimum film darkening for the selected minimum or maximum exposure time.
摘要翻译：结合已知类型的剂量率调节器，其适用于当由自动曝光控制设定的曝光时间下降到低于时间限制时降低X射线管电压，并且当曝光时间超过上限时增加电压，手动提供了可操作的开关装置，其具有用于选择预编程的最短曝光时间或预编程的最大曝光时间的各个键，并且用于同时关闭自动曝光控制并且用于致动剂量率调节器以通过向其发送参考来形成自动曝光装置值信号对应于所选择的最小或最大曝光时间的最佳胶片变暗。

36. 发明授权

US4099057A X-ray diagnostics generator for X-ray photographs 失效
标题翻译： X射线摄影机的X射线诊断发生器
公开(公告)号：US4099057A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US785734
申请日：1977-04-08
申请人： Franz Schramm
发明人： Franz Schramm
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , G03B41/16
CPC分类号： H05G1/46
摘要： In the illustrated embodiment the mAs indicator has a rectangular window for exposing a printed mAs value in accordance with discrete settings of x-ray tube current and photographic exposure time. The x-ray tube current selection controls a mask with a stepped series of small apertures which successively register with different portions of the mAs indicator window. The exposure time selection may control the angular position of a cylinder which positions successive rows of mAs product values with the mAs indicator window, such that the particular mAs value which is visible through the aligned mask aperture will represent the product of the x-ray tube current setting and the exposure time setting. In the illustrative embodiment, the mask comprises a flat plate which is driven in response to angular movement of the x-ray tube current selector knob by means of a pin and slot opening. The cylinder is driven by means of the rotary exposure time selector knob by means of a simple cord drive.

37. 发明授权

US2506674A x-ray apparatus 失效
标题翻译： x射线装置
公开(公告)号：US2506674A
公开(公告)日：1950-05-09
申请号：US66472846
申请日：1946-04-25
申请人： HARTFORD NAT BANK & TRUST CO
发明人： MARIE LEDEBOER JOHAN , WILHELMUS VINGERHOETS ANTONIUS
IPC分类号： G05F1/34 , H05G1/46
CPC分类号： G05F1/34 , H05G1/46

38. 发明授权

US2365554A Apparatus for controlling the load on an x-ray tube 失效
标题翻译：用于控制X射线管上的负载的装置
公开(公告)号：US2365554A
公开(公告)日：1944-12-19
申请号：US50432043
申请日：1943-09-29
申请人： HARTFORD NAT BANK & TRUST CO
发明人： FREDERICK JEANS ARTHUR
IPC分类号： H05G1/46
CPC分类号： H05G1/46

39. 发明授权

US2339902A X-ray apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US2339902A
公开(公告)日：1944-01-25
申请号：US43517642
申请日：1942-03-18
申请人： AKERS HERBERT S , HUMPHRIES JAMES O
发明人： AKERS HERBERT S , HUMPHRIES JAMES O
IPC分类号： H05G1/46
CPC分类号： H05G1/46

40. 发明授权

US2136116A Integrating x-ray apparatus 失效
标题翻译：整合X光装置
公开(公告)号：US2136116A
公开(公告)日：1938-11-08
申请号：US70526734
申请日：1934-01-04
申请人： KELLEY KOETT MFG COMPANY
发明人： MOWRY WILLIAM W
IPC分类号： H05G1/46
CPC分类号： H05G1/46

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