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    • 33. 发明授权
    • Digital video signal encoder and encoding method
    • 数字视频信号编码器和编码方法
    • US6005626A
    • 1999-12-21
    • US780780
    • 1997-01-09
    • Wei Ding
    • Wei Ding
    • H04N7/32H03M7/36H04N7/26H04N7/36H04N7/12H04N5/21H04N11/02H04N11/04
    • H04N19/82H04N19/51H04N19/61H04N19/80
    • Motion vectors and associated errors which are determined in the course of encoding a video signal are used to determine whether respective macroblocks of two or more frames represent the same subject matter albeit displaced by motion represented by the frames. The motion vector errors are compared to a predetermined motion threshold. If a particular motion vector error is less than the motion threshold, the macroblocks corresponding to the motion vector error are determined to represent substantially identical subject matter and the corresponding motion vector represents displacement of the subject matter between the frames due to motion of the subject matter. Accordingly, differences between the macroblocks corresponding to the motion vector error are determined to be due primarily to noise and not to differences in the subject. Therefore, a relatively heavy temporal filter is applied between the macroblocks. Conversely, if a particular motion vector error is not less than the motion threshold, the macroblocks corresponding to the motion vector error are determined to represent different subject matter and only a spatial filter is applied to either macroblock. The spatial filter is applied relatively lightly to reduce noise while minimizing signal loss, e.g., blurring, resulting from the filtering. The motion threshold is set according to the noise variance of the video signal which is being encoded. The noise variance of the video signal can be measured using the video signal acquisition equipment used to acquire the video signal, e.g., a video camera, or can be estimated from the video signal itself.
    • 使用在编码视频信号的过程中确定的运动矢量和相关错误来确定两个或更多个帧的相应宏块是否表示相同的主题,尽管由帧所代表的运动所取代。 将运动矢量误差与预定运动阈值进行比较。 如果特定运动矢量误差小于运动阈值,则确定与运动矢量误差相对应的宏块以表示基本上相同的主题,并且相应的运动矢量表示由于主题的运动而导致的帧之间的主体的位移 。 因此,对应于运动矢量误差的宏块之间的差异被确定为主要是由噪声引起的,而不是主体的差异。 因此,在宏块之间应用相对较重的时间滤波器。 相反,如果特定运动矢量误差不小于运动阈值,则确定与运动矢量误差相对应的宏块以表示不同的主题,并且仅将空间滤波器应用于任一宏块。 相对较轻地施加空间滤波器以减少噪声,同时最小化由滤波产生的信号损失,例如模糊。 运动阈值根据正被编码的视频信号的噪声方差来设定。 可以使用用于获取视频信号的视频信号采集设备(例如,摄像机)来测量视频信号的噪声方差,或者可以从视频信号本身估计。