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    • 32. 发明授权
    • Fast high-accuracy multi-dimensional pattern inspection
    • 快速高精度多维图案检查
    • US06850646B1
    • 2005-02-01
    • US10705295
    • 2003-11-10
    • William SilverAaron WallackAdam Wagman
    • William SilverAaron WallackAdam Wagman
    • G06T7/00G06K9/48
    • G06K9/6206G06T7/74
    • A method and apparatus are provided for identifying diffe rences between a stored pattern and a matching image subset, where variations in pattern position, orientation, and size do not give rise to false differences. The invention is also a system for analyzing an object image with respect to a model pattern so as to detect flaws in the object image. The system includes extracting pattern features from the model pattern; generating a vector-valued function using the pattern features to provide a pattern field; extracting image features from the object image; evaluating each image feature, using the pattern field and an n-dimensional transformation that associates image features with pattern features, so as to determine at least one associated feature characteristic; and using at least one feature characteristic to identify at least one flaw in the object image. The invention can find at least two distinct kinds of flaws: missing features, and extra features. The invention provides pattern inspection that is faster and more accurate than any known prior art method by using a stored pattern that represents an ideal example of the object to be found and inspected, and that can be translated, rotated, and scaled to arbitrary precision much faster than digital image re-sampling, and without pixel grid quantization errors. Furthermore, since the invention does not use digital image re-sampling, there are no pixel quantization errors to cause false differences between the pattern and image that can limit inspection performance.
    • 提供了一种用于识别存储的图案和匹配图像子集之间的差异的方法和装置,其中图案位置,取向和尺寸的变化不会引起错误的差异。 本发明还是一种用于分析相对于模型图案的对象图像以便检测对象图像中的缺陷的系统。 该系统包括从模型模式中提取模式特征; 使用所述模式特征生成向量值函数以提供模式字段; 从对象图像提取图像特征; 使用所述图案字段和将图像特征与图案特征相关联的n维变换来评估每个图像特征,以便确定至少一个相关联的特征特征; 以及使用至少一个特征特征来识别所述对象图像中的至少一个缺陷。 本发明可以发现至少两种不同种类的缺陷:缺失特征和额外特征。 本发明通过使用表示待发现和检查的对象的理想示例的存储模式,并且可以被转换,旋转和缩放到任意精度而提供比任何已知的现有技术方法更快更准确的模式检查 比数字图像重采样更快,并且没有像素网格量化误差。 此外,由于本发明不使用数字图像重新采样,因此不存在像素量化误差,导致图案和图像之间可能限制检查性能的误差。
    • 33. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for detection and sub-pixel location of edges in a digital image
    • 用于数字图像中边缘的检测和子像素位置的装置和方法
    • US06690842B1
    • 2004-02-10
    • US10114357
    • 2002-04-02
    • William SilverArman GarakaniAaron Wallack
    • William SilverArman GarakaniAaron Wallack
    • G06L932
    • G06T7/12G06T2207/10016
    • The invention provides a fast, computationally inexpensive, and highly accurate method and apparatus for edge detection in a digital image, even for edges that are not substantially parallel to the axes of the pixel grid, by exploiting computationally inexpensive estimates of gradient magnitude and direction. In particular, the method includes the steps of: estimating gradient magnitude and direction at a plurality of regularly-spaced pixel points in the image so as to provide a plurality of estimates of gradient magnitude and direction, each such estimate being associated with a respective gradient point of a regularly-spaced gradient grid; using gradient direction associated with each gradient point to select a respective set of neighboring gradient points; comparing gradient magnitude associated with each gradient point with each gradient magnitude of the respective set of neighboring gradient magnitudes so as to determine which of the gradient magnitudes is a local maximum in approximately the gradient direction; and using the local maximum of gradient magnitude and a set of neighboring gradient magnitudes to determine an interpolated edge position along a one-dimensional gradient magnitude profile. Another aspect of the invention for providing two-dimensional edge position interpolation further includes the step of determining a plane position line normal to the gradient direction of a gradient point associated with the local maximum of gradient magnitude, the plane position line also passing through the interpolated edge position, along which plane position line at least one two-dimensional interpolated position of the edge can be determined.
    • 本发明通过利用计算上便宜的梯度和方向的估计,为数字图像中的边缘检测提供了一种快速的,计算上便宜的且高度准确的方法和装置,即使对于基本上不平行于像素网格的轴的边缘也是如此。 特别地,该方法包括以下步骤:估计图像中的多个规则间隔的像素点处的梯度幅度和方向,以便提供梯度幅度和方向的多个估计,每个这样的估计与相应梯度相关联 一个规则间隔的梯度网格点; 使用与每个梯度点相关联的梯度方向来选择相应的相邻梯度点集合; 将与每个梯度点相关联的梯度幅度与各个相邻梯度幅度集合的每个梯度幅度进行比较,以便确定大致梯度方向上的哪个梯度幅度是局部最大值; 并且使用梯度幅度的局部最大值和一组相邻梯度幅度来确定沿着一维梯度幅度轮廓的内插边缘位置。 用于提供二维边缘位置插值的本发明的另一方面还包括以下步骤:确定与梯度大小的局部最大值相关联的梯度点的梯度方向垂直的平面位置线,该平面位置线也经过内插 边缘位置,沿着该位置线可以确定边缘的至少一个二维插值位置。
    • 36. 发明授权
    • Rack module
    • 机架模块
    • US4522306A
    • 1985-06-11
    • US471231
    • 1983-03-02
    • William Silver
    • William Silver
    • A47F1/08A47F7/00
    • A47F1/08
    • A rack module for storing a stack of cigarette packs for individual manual dispensing includes a box shaped open front body member having complementary dove tail couplings formed on its top and bottom faces and pivot pins on its upper forward side borders. A visor member includes a face wall and upwardly rearwardly extending side hinge plates having on its upper borders transversely spaced pairs of laterally aligned hinge bores selectively engaging the pivot pins. Bosses on the body member side wall engage recesses in the hinge plates to releasably lock the visor member in its vertical closed position in transverse registry with the body member opening. A resiliently compressible pad with a pressure sensitive adhesive outer face is positioned on a body member vertical face.
    • 用于存储用于单独手动分配的烟盒的一堆烟囱的支架模块包括:盒形开口前身体构件,其具有形成在其上表面和下表面上的互补鸽尾尾联接件和在其上前侧边缘上的枢销。 遮阳板构件包括面壁和向上向后延伸的侧铰链板,其在其上边界上横向间隔开成对的横向对齐的铰链孔,所述铰接孔选择性地接合枢轴销。 身体构件侧壁上的凸起接合铰链板中的凹槽,以可释放地将遮阳板构件锁定在与身体构件开口横向对准的垂直关闭位置。 具有压敏粘合剂外表面的弹性可压缩垫定位在主体构件垂直面上。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for human interface to a machine vision system
    • 用于人机接口的机器视觉系统的方法和装置
    • US08625880B2
    • 2014-01-07
    • US13109105
    • 2011-05-17
    • William SilverRobert ShillmanAaron Wallack
    • William SilverRobert ShillmanAaron Wallack
    • G06K9/00
    • G06F3/017
    • An apparatus and method are disclosed for setting up a vision system having a camera and a vision processor cooperative with the camera. The apparatus includes a gesture recognizer, a key recognizer, a breakout box having at least two signaling elements, and a setup control unit that is cooperative with the gesture recognizer, the key recognizer, and the breakout box. The combination of using a key and a gesture set as herein described is substantially superior, as compared with known user interfaces for setting up a vision system that has been previously been engineered, in terms of low-cost, convenience, ease-of-use, simplicity, and speed.
    • 公开了一种用于设置具有与照相机协作的照相机和视觉处理器的视觉系统的装置和方法。 该装置包括手势识别器,钥匙识别器,具有至少两个信号元件的接线盒,以及与手势识别器,钥匙识别器和接线盒协作的设置控制单元。 与用于建立先前已经被设计的视觉系统的已知用户界面相比,使用如本文所描述的按键和姿势组合的组合在低成本,便利性,易于使用方面相比是显着优越的 ,简单性和速度。
    • 39. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for human interface to a machine vision system
    • 用于人机接口的机器视觉系统的方法和装置
    • US07957554B1
    • 2011-06-07
    • US10335829
    • 2002-12-31
    • William SilverRobert ShillmanAaron Wallack
    • William SilverRobert ShillmanAaron Wallack
    • G06K9/00
    • G06F3/017
    • An apparatus and method are disclosed for setting up a vision system having a camera and a vision processor cooperative with the camera. The apparatus includes a gesture recognizer, a key recognizer, a breakout box having at least two signaling elements, and a setup control unit that is cooperative with the gesture recognizer, the key recognizer, and the breakout box. The combination of using a key and a gesture set as herein described is substantially superior, as compared with known user interfaces for setting up a vision system that has been previously been engineered, in terms of low-cost, convenience, ease-of-use, simplicity, and speed.
    • 公开了一种用于设置具有与照相机协作的照相机和视觉处理器的视觉系统的装置和方法。 该装置包括手势识别器,钥匙识别器,具有至少两个信号元件的接线盒,以及与手势识别器,钥匙识别器和接线盒协作的设置控制单元。 与用于建立先前已经被设计的视觉系统的已知用户界面相比,使用如本文所描述的按键和姿势组合的组合在低成本,便利性,易于使用方面相比是显着优越的 ,简单性和速度。
    • 40. 发明申请
    • System for configuring an optoelectronic sensor
    • 用于配置光电传感器的系统
    • US20080036873A1
    • 2008-02-14
    • US11769494
    • 2007-06-27
    • William Silver
    • William Silver
    • H04N5/228
    • G06T7/0006G01N2021/8909G06K9/4609G06T7/0002G06T7/0004G06T7/20G06T7/73G06T2207/30164
    • Disclosed are methods and apparatus for automatic optoelectronic detection and inspection of objects, based on capturing digital images of a two-dimensional field of view in which an object to be detected or inspected may be located, analyzing the images, and making and reporting decisions on the status of the object. Decisions are based on evidence obtained from a plurality of images for which the object is located in the field of view, generally corresponding to a plurality of viewing perspectives. Evidence that an object is located in the field of view is used for detection, and evidence that the object satisfies appropriate inspection criteria is used for inspection. Methods and apparatus are disclosed for capturing and analyzing images at high speed so that multiple viewing perspectives can be obtained for objects in continuous motion.
    • 公开了用于自动光电子检测和物体检查的方法和装置,其基于捕获二维视场的数字图像,其中可以定位待检测对象或检查对象,分析图像,以及对 对象的状态。 决策基于从对象位于视野中的多个图像获得的证据,通常对应于多个观看透视图。 对象位于视野中的证据用于检测,并且使用对象满足适当检查标准的证据进行检查。 公开了用于高速捕获和分析图像的方法和装置,使得可以获得连续运动中的对象的多个观看透视图。