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31. 发明授权

US4785247A Drill stem logging with electromagnetic waves and electrostatically-shielded and inductively-coupled transmitter and receiver elements 失效
标题翻译：钻杆采用电磁波测井和静电屏蔽和电感耦合发射器和接收器元件
公开(公告)号：US4785247A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US36170
申请日：1987-04-06
申请人： Richard A. Meador , Larry W. Thompson , William R. Grayson
发明人： Richard A. Meador , Larry W. Thompson , William R. Grayson
IPC分类号： E21B47/01 , G01V3/28 , G01V3/30
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , E21B47/011
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring formation parameters by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals by antennas disposed in recesses in a tubular housing member and including apparatus for reducing the coupling of electrical noise into the system resulting from conducting elements located adjacent the recesses and housing. More particularly, a method and apparatus employing electrostatic, but not magnetic, shielding of the low impedance antenna systems and inductive signal coupling to enhance the signal at the receiver is disclosed. This system is capable of measuring formation parameters in the presence of conducting bodies, e.g., the drill string, permitting incorporation of the apparatus in a measuring while drilling (MWD) logging system. In a particular embodiment, high frequency electromagnetic energy is used to measure formation resistivity. Small low impedance coils are arranged in the wall or around the outer circumferential surface of a steel drill collar and spaced from the surface a minimum distance to allow efficient propagation and reception. The low impedance receiver antennas are substantially electrostatically, but not magnetically, shielded and include inductive current coupling devices to further improve the signal. In a preferred embodiment, the coils are circularly configured about the collar and longitudinally spaced thereon to serve as transmitting and receiving elements which together with associated circuit components employ high frequency electromagnetic wave propagation techniques to measure formation parameters. The received signals are phase shifted and amplitude attenuated as they pass through the formation, and formation parameters are determined by detecting variations in travel time and attenuation between longitudinally spaced receivers.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过设置在管状壳体构件中的凹槽中的天线发送和接收电磁信号来测量地层参数的装置和方法，并且包括用于减少由位于邻近凹部和壳体的导电元件引起的电噪声耦合到系统中的装置。更具体地，公开了一种使用低阻抗天线系统的静电而不是磁屏蔽的方法和装置以及用于增强接收机处的信号的电感信号耦合。该系统能够在存在导电体（例如钻柱）的情况下测量地层参数，允许将装置并入钻井（MWD）测井系统中的测量中。在特定实施例中，使用高频电磁能量来测量地层电阻率。小的低阻抗线圈布置在钢轨钻铤的壁面或外周表面上，与表面隔开最小的距离以允许有效的传播和接收。低阻抗接收器天线基本上是静电的，但不是磁性的，屏蔽的，并且包括感应电流耦合器件以进一步改善信号。在优选实施例中，线圈围绕套环圆周地配置并纵向间隔开以用作发射和接收元件，与元件相关联的电路组件采用高频电磁波传播技术来测量地层参数。所接收的信号是相移的，并且在通过地层时振幅衰减，并且通过检测行进时间的变化和纵向间隔的接收器之间的衰减来确定形成参数。

32. 发明授权

US4130793A Dielectric well logging means and method utilizing the signals from a pair of receivers for providing clock pulses corresponding to earth formation dielectric constant 失效
标题翻译：介电测井装置和方法利用来自一对接收器的信号来提供对应于地层介电常数的时钟脉冲
公开(公告)号：US4130793A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-19
申请号：US755317
申请日：1976-12-29
申请人： James R. Bridges , Roland G. Riedesel, Jr. , Larry W. Thompson
发明人： James R. Bridges , Roland G. Riedesel, Jr. , Larry W. Thompson
IPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/18 , G01R25/00 , G01V3/10
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Electrical energy is induced into an earth formation by a transmitter in apparatus, adapted to be passed through a borehole traversing the earth formation. Clock pulses are also provided in the apparatus. At least two receivers provide signals corresponding to received electrical energy from the earth formation. A gating circuit provides groups of clock pulses in accordance with the signals from the receivers so that the number of clock pulses in each group corresponds to the dielectric constant of the earth formation.
摘要翻译：通过设备中的发射器将电能引入地层，适于通过穿过地层的井眼。在该装置中也提供时钟脉冲。至少两个接收器提供对应于来自地层的接收的电能的信号。门控电路根据来自接收器的信号提供一组时钟脉冲，使得每组中的时钟脉冲数量对应于地层的介电常数。

33. 发明授权

US4107597A Electromagnetic wave propagation well logging utilizing multiple phase shift measurement 失效
标题翻译：利用多相移测量的电磁波传播测井
公开(公告)号：US4107597A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-15
申请号：US749845
申请日：1976-12-13
申请人： Richard A. Meador , Larry L. Adams , Percy T. Cox , Larry W. Thompson , James A. Fuchs
发明人： Richard A. Meador , Larry L. Adams , Percy T. Cox , Larry W. Thompson , James A. Fuchs
IPC分类号： G01V3/30 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/12
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： The invention disclosed herein includes methods and apparatus for determining true formation resistivity, flushed zone resistivity and invasion diameter of the earth formation in the vicinity of a well borehole. A radio frequency electromagnetic field in the frequency range from 800 kilohertz to 4 megahertz is generated in a borehole and the electromagnetic field is detected at a plurality of longitudinally spaced locations. Measurements of the attenuation and propagation velocity of the electromagnetic wave at the longitudinally spaced receivers may then be interpreted according to predetermined relationships in terms of the formation resistivity, flushed zone resistivity and invasion diameter surrounding the borehole.
摘要翻译：本文公开的发明包括用于确定井眼附近的地层的真实地层电阻率，冲刷区电阻率和侵入直径的方法和装置。在钻孔中产生频率范围从800千赫兹到4兆赫兹的射频电磁场，并且在多个纵向间隔位置检测电磁场。然后可以根据围绕钻孔的地层电阻率，冲刷区电阻率和入侵直径根据预定的关系来解释在纵向间隔的接收器处的电磁波的衰减和传播速度的测量。

34. 发明授权

US3993944A Movable oil measurement combining dual radio frequency induction and dual induction laterolog measurements 失效
标题翻译：可移动油测量结合双射频感应和双感应测量
公开(公告)号：US3993944A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-23
申请号：US643421
申请日：1975-12-22
申请人： Richard A. Meador , Percy T. Cox , Larry W. Thompson
发明人： Richard A. Meador , Percy T. Cox , Larry W. Thompson
IPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/10
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： An exemplary embodiment of the invention includes method for measuring the dielectric constant and resistivity of the invaded zone and the virgin formation in a fluid filled well bore hole. Dual induction laterolog measurements are employed to determined R.sub.t and R.sub.xo. Dual spaced radio frequency dielectric induction log measurements are employed to determine .epsilon..sub.t and .epsilon..sub.xo. By combining these measurements, a movable oil plot may be obtained in highly resistive formations.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例包括用于测量流体填充的井眼孔中的入侵区域和原始地层的介电常数和电阻率的方法。采用双重感应测量来确定Rt和Rxo。采用双重间隔的射频介电感应对数测量来确定ε和εx。通过组合这些测量，可以在高电阻地层中获得可移动的油图。

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