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    • 36. 发明授权
    • Low cost encryption transponder
    • 低成本加密转发器
    • US5970148A
    • 1999-10-19
    • US850423
    • 1997-05-02
    • Herbert Meier
    • Herbert Meier
    • H04L9/32H04L9/06G01S13/74H04L9/00
    • H04L9/3247H04L9/3271H04L2209/046
    • Novel means of achieving increased security while still obtaining a low cost, manufacturable device are disclosed and claimed. The first mode of operation is the learn mode which provides means for initial checkout with no security. In the learn mode of operation, the interrogator and transponder may be switched to a predetermined error detection algorithm, i.e. CCITT(Start Mask, CCITT Mask), and certain information is programmed into the transponder memory. During programming, all the bits received from the interrogator are shifted through the preintialized CRC generator. In addition, once the transponder response is sent back to the interrogator, the response is also shifted through a preinitialized CRC generator within the interrogator(which could be a software implementation). Because neither the Cypher Key nor the Function Key are directly readable once programmed, an encryption must be performed to verify the proper Cypher Key and Function Key were programmed into the transponder's memory. In the second and encryption mode of operation, after a special Command/Address is transmitted, a Random Number (which may vary in length but which has a minimum length) is transmitted from the interrogator to the transponder which in turn generates the Signature by shifting the Random Number through the CRC Encryption Generator (initialized with the Cypher and Function Key). The Signature along with data, status and address are transmitted back to the interrogator which in the meantime has predetermined the awaited Signature using the same Cypher and Function Key. If the received Signature and calculated Signature are equal validation is positive and then the programmed data must be locked(especially the Cypher Key and Function Key) to protect them against reprogramming in the future.
    • 公开和要求保护的新颖的实现增加安全性的手段,同时仍然获得低成本,可制造的装置。 第一种操作模式是学习模式,其提供了无安全性的初始结帐手段。 在学习操作模式中,询问器和应答器可以切换到预定的错误检测算法,即CCITT(起始掩码,CCITT掩码),并且某些信息被编程到应答器存储器中。 在编程期间,从询问器接收的所有位都通过预先设计的CRC发生器移位。 另外,一旦应答器响应被发送回询问器,响应也通过询问器内的预初始化CRC发生器(其可以是软件实现)来移位。 由于Cypher键和功能键都不能直接读取,因此必须进行加密以验证正确的Cypher键和功能键是否被编程到应答器的存储器中。 在第二和加密操作模式中,在发送特殊的命令/地址之后,随机数(其长度可变化但具有最小长度)从询问器发送到转发器,转发器又通过移位来产生签名 通过CRC加密生成器(通过Cypher和功能键初始化)的随机数。 签名与数据,状态和地址一起传送回询问器,同时使用相同的Cypher和功能键预定了等待的Signature。 如果接收到的签名和计算签名相同,验证是肯定的,则编程的数据必须被锁定(特别是Cypher密钥和功能密钥),以保护它们在将来不会重新编程。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Protection against manipulation of batteryless read/write transponders
    • 防止无电池读写应答器的操作
    • US5430447A
    • 1995-07-04
    • US110454
    • 1993-08-23
    • Herbert Meier
    • Herbert Meier
    • G06K7/00G06K19/07G01S13/78H04L9/32
    • G06K7/0008G06K19/0723
    • A hardware and software solution for providing a tamper-proof, batteryless, remote transponder which will only be programmable by an authorized user is disclosed. This goal is achieved through the use of a hardware Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) generator which checks during a WRITE function of the data that is received from the Reading/Writing (R/W) unit and also generates several protection bits (Block Check Character; BCC) which are sent back during the response function (READ). Before the CRC generator checks the data during a WRITE function, however, it must be set to a predetermined start value called a Segment Code, and the Segment Code of the R/W unit must be the same as the Segment Code of the transponder in order for a Write (or a READ) to be performed. Additionally, programming of the Selective Address must be done within a predetermined time window (has a predetermined Time Code). If either the Selective Address or the BCC generated by the CRC generator is incorrect, the transponder will be discharged such that it will not respond. In addition, if the R/W unit detects that the Selective Address is being programmed at a time other than the predetermined Time Code, the reader makes the transponder inoperative in yet another way.
    • 公开了一种用于提供仅由授权用户可编程的防篡改无电池远程转发器的硬件和软件解决方案。 该目标通过使用硬件循环冗余校验(CRC)发生器实现,该发生器在从读/写(R / W)单元接收到的数据的写功能期间进行检查,并且还生成几个保护位(块检查字符 ; BCC),其在响应功能(READ)期间被发回。 然而,在CRC发生器在写功能期间检查数据之前,必须将其设置为预定的起始值,称为段代码,并且R / W单元的段代码必须与应答器的段代码相同 要执行写入(或READ)命令。 此外,选择地址的编程必须在预定的时间窗口内(具有预定的时间码)完成。 如果由CRC发生器生成的选择地址或BCC不正确,则应答器将被解除,使其不响应。 此外,如果R / W单元检测到选择地址正在与预定时间码以外的时间编程,则读卡器使得应答器以另一种方式不起作用。
    • 38. 发明授权
    • Circuit arrangement
    • 电路布置
    • US5196735A
    • 1993-03-23
    • US715318
    • 1991-06-14
    • Herbert MeierMartin Sellmeir
    • Herbert MeierMartin Sellmeir
    • H02J7/00
    • H02J7/00
    • A circuit arrangement is described with the aid of which a control signal can be indicated in dependence upon reaching a predetermined desired value voltage at an energy-storage element at the end of a charging cycle. In the course of said charging cycle the energy-storage element is charged by rectification of an HF carrier pulse. The circuit arrangement contains a signal-storage element (FF) which in the active state emits a control signal. Furthermore, an envelope detector circuit (DE, CE, RE, T2) is provided which furnishes a switching signal in dependence upon the termination of the HF carrier-oscillation pulse. A voltage comparator (R3, T3, R4, C2, R1, R2, OP) compares a voltage value dependent on the voltage value at the energy-storage element (CC) with a voltage value which is related to the voltage value at the energy-storage element (CC) in such a manner that in the presence of the desired voltage value at the energy-storage element (CC) the compared voltage values are equal. On identity of the compared voltage values the voltage comparator emits an activiating signal for the storage element (FF) which sets the latter to the active state. On receiving the control signal furnished by the envelope detector circuit a switching means (A1, A2, T1) applied to the voltage comparator the voltage at the energy-storage element (CC) as supply voltage while on receiving the control signal furnished by the signal-storage element (FF) it separates the voltage comparator from its supply voltage.
    • 描述了一种电路装置,借助于此可以根据在充电周期结束时在能量存储元件处达到预定的期望值电压来指示控制信号。 在所述充电循环的过程中,通过HF载波脉冲的整流来对能量存储元件进行充电。 电路装置包含一个信号存储元件(FF),它在激活状态下发出一个控制信号。 此外,提供了包围检测器电路(DE,CE,RE,T2),其根据HF载波振荡脉冲的终止提供切换信号。 电压比较器(R3,T3,R4,C2,R1,R2,OP)将取决于能量存储元件(CC)的电压值的电压值与与能量的电压值相关的电压值进行比较 (CC),使得在储能元件(CC)存在期望电压值的情况下,比较的电压值相等。 在比较的电压值的标识上,电压比较器发射存储元件(FF)的激活信号,其将后者设置为激活状态。 在接收到由包络检测器电路提供的控制信号时,在接收由信号提供的控制信号的同时,将施加到电压比较器的能量存储元件(CC)的电压作为电源电压施加的开关装置(A1,A2,T1) - 储存元件(FF)将电压比较器与其电源电压分开。