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31. 发明申请

US20090131905A1 Microneedle devices and methods of manufacture and use thereof 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20090131905A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US12150945
申请日：2008-05-01
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz , Devin V. McAllister , Florent Paul Marcel Cros
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Mark R. Prausnitz , Devin V. McAllister , Florent Paul Marcel Cros
IPC分类号： A61M5/32 , A61N1/32 , B29C45/00 , G03F7/20 , B22D23/00
CPC分类号： B81C1/00111 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150282 , A61B5/150984 , A61B17/205 , A61B2010/008 , A61K9/0021 , A61M37/0015 , A61M2037/003 , A61M2037/0053 , A61N1/303 , B33Y80/00 , B81B2201/055
摘要： Microneedle devices are provided for transport of therapeutic and biological molecules across tissue barriers and for use as microflameholders. In a preferred embodiment for transport across tissue, the microneedles are formed of a biodegradable polymer. Methods of making these devices, which can include hollow and/or porous microneedles, are also provided. A preferred method for making a microneedle includes forming a micromold having sidewalls which define the outer surface of the microneedle, electroplating the sidewalls to form the hollow microneedle, and then removing the micromold from the microneedle. In a preferred method of use, the microneedle device is used to deliver fluid material into or across a biological barrier from one or more chambers in fluid connection with at least one of the microneedles. The device preferably further includes a means for controlling the flow of material through the microneedles. Representative examples of these means include the use of permeable membranes, fracturable impermeable membranes, valves, and pumps.

32. 发明授权

US07226439B2 Microneedle drug delivery device 有权
标题翻译：微针药物输送装置
公开(公告)号：US07226439B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-05
申请号：US10454973
申请日：2003-06-04
申请人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Inder-Jeet Gujral
发明人： Mark R. Prausnitz , Mark G. Allen , Inder-Jeet Gujral
IPC分类号： A61M31/00
CPC分类号： A61M37/0015 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150969 , A61B5/150984 , A61B17/205 , A61B2090/0814 , A61M5/422 , A61M2037/0023 , A61M2037/003 , B33Y80/00
摘要： Simple microneedle devices for delivery of drugs across or into biological tissue are provided, which permit drug delivery at clinically relevant rates across or into skin or other tissue barriers, with minimal or no damage, pain, or irritation to the tissue. The devices include a substrate to which a plurality of hollow microneedles are attached or integrated, and at least one reservoir, containing the drug, selectably in communication with the microneedles, wherein the volume or amount of drug to be delivered can be selectively altered. The reservoir can be formed of a deformable, preferably elastic, material. The device typically includes a means, such as a plunger, for compressing the reservoir to drive the drug from the reservoir through the microneedles. In one embodiment, the reservoir is a syringe or pump connected to the substrate.
摘要翻译：提供用于在生物组织中或在生物组织中递送药物的简单微针装置，其允许以临床相关的速率穿过或进入皮肤或其它组织屏障的药物递送，对组织进行最小的或没有损伤，疼痛或刺激。所述装置包括多个中空微针连接或整合到其上的基底，以及容纳药物的至少一个储存器，可选择地与微针连通，其中可以选择性地改变要递送的药物的体积或量。储存器可以由可变形的，优选弹性的材料形成。该装置通常包括用于压缩储存器以通过微针从储存器驱动药物的装置，例如柱塞。在一个实施例中，储存器是连接到基板的注射器或泵。

33. 发明授权

US06975500B2 Capacitor having improved electrodes 有权
标题翻译：电容器具有改进的电极
公开(公告)号：US06975500B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US10476867
申请日：2002-05-09
申请人： Andrew T. Hunt , Mark G. Allen , David Kiesling
发明人： Andrew T. Hunt , Mark G. Allen , David Kiesling
IPC分类号： H01G4/012 , H01G4/255 , H01G7/06 , H01L21/02 , H01L23/522 , H01L27/08 , H01G4/228
CPC分类号： H01G4/012 , H01G4/255 , H01G7/06 , H01L23/5223 , H01L27/0805 , H01L28/55 , H01L28/82 , H01L28/86 , H01L2924/0002 , Y10T428/24917 , Y10T428/265 , Y10T428/31678 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Capacitor material for use in forming capacitors, is disclosed. More specifically, the invention is directed to capacitors formed from this material that have one or more discrete electrodes (314), each electrode (314) being exposed to at least two thicknesses of dielectric material (300). These electrodes (314) are surrounded by wider insulative material (312) such that the material can be cut, or patterned into capacitors having specific values. A single electrode can form a small value capacitor while still providing a larger conductive area for attaching the capacitor to associated circuitry. The thin dielectric (310) can be a tunable material so that the capacitance can be varied with voltage. The tunability can be increased by adding thin electrodes that interact with direct current.
摘要翻译：公开了用于形成电容器的电容器材料。更具体地，本发明涉及由具有一个或多个离散电极（314）的该材料形成的电容器，每个电极（314）暴露于至少两个电介质材料（300）的厚度。这些电极（314）被较宽的绝缘材料（312）包围，使得该材料可被切割或图案化成具有特定值的电容器。单个电极可以形成小值电容器，同时仍然提供用于将电容器附接到相关电路的较大导电区域。薄电介质（310）可以是可调谐材料，使得电容可以随电压而变化。通过添加与直流电相互作用的薄电极可以提高可调性。

34. 发明授权

US06377155B1 Microfabricated electromagnetic system and method for forming electromagnets in microfabricated devices 失效
标题翻译：微加工电磁系统及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06377155B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09660737
申请日：2000-09-13
申请人： Mark G. Allen , William P. Taylor , Jae Y. Park
发明人： Mark G. Allen , William P. Taylor , Jae Y. Park
IPC分类号： H01F500
CPC分类号： H01H50/005 , H01H2001/0042
摘要： An electromagnetic system for a variety of applications can be formed through microfabrication techniques. Each segment of a conductive coil associated with an electromagnet is planar making it easy to fabricate the coil through microfabrication techniques. Furthermore, a plurality of magnetic fluxes generated by the electromagnet are dispersed across multiple points in order to reduce problems associated with flux density saturation, and the coil is positioned close to the magnetic core of the electromagnet in order to reduce problems associated with leakage. Accordingly, a low-cost, more efficient electromagnetic system can be batch fabricated through microfabrications techniques.
摘要翻译：可以通过微细加工技术形成用于各种应用的电磁系统。与电磁铁相关联的导电线圈的每个部分是平面的，使得通过微细加工技术容易制造线圈。此外，由电磁体产生的多个磁通量分散在多个点上，以便减少与磁通密度饱和相关的问题，并且线圈被定位成靠近电磁体的磁芯，以便减少与泄漏有关的问题。因此，可以通过微加工技术批量制造低成本，更有效的电磁系统。

35. 发明授权

US06281560B1 Microfabricated electromagnetic system and method for forming electromagnets in microfabricated devices 失效
标题翻译：微加工电磁系统及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06281560B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09102124
申请日：1998-06-22
申请人： Mark G. Allen , William P. Taylor , Jae Y. Park
发明人： Mark G. Allen , William P. Taylor , Jae Y. Park
IPC分类号： H01L2714
CPC分类号： H01H50/005 , H01H2001/0042
摘要： An electromagnetic system for a variety of applications can be formed through microfabrication techniques. Each segment of a conductive coil associated with an electromagnet is planar making it easy to fabricate the coil through microfabrication techniques. Furthermore, a plurality of magnetic fluxes generated by the electromagnet are dispersed across multiple points in order to reduce problems associated with flux density saturation, and the coil is positioned close to the magnetic core of the electromagnet in order to reduce problems associated with leakage. Accordingly, a low-cost, more efficient electromagnetic system can be batch fabricated through microfabrications techniques.
摘要翻译：可以通过微细加工技术形成用于各种应用的电磁系统。与电磁铁相关联的导电线圈的每个部分是平面的，使得通过微细加工技术容易制造线圈。此外，由电磁体产生的多个磁通量分散在多个点上，以便减少与磁通密度饱和相关的问题，并且线圈被定位成靠近电磁体的磁芯，以便减少与泄漏有关的问题。因此，可以通过微加工技术批量制造低成本，更有效的电磁系统。

36. 发明授权

US06278379B1 System, method, and sensors for sensing physical properties 有权
标题翻译：用于感应物理特性的系统，方法和传感器
公开(公告)号：US06278379B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US09454748
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Jennifer M. English
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Jennifer M. English
IPC分类号： G08B2100
CPC分类号： G01L9/0075 , B60C23/0408 , G01D5/48
摘要： Several sensors are provided for determining one of a number of physical roperties including pressure, temperature, chemical species, and other physical conditions. In general, the sensors feature a resonant circuit with an inductor coil which is electromagnetically coupled to a transmitting antenna. When an excitation signal is applied to the antenna, a current is induced in the sensor circuit. This current oscillates at the resonant frequency of the sensor circuit. The resonant frequency and bandwidth of the sensor circuit is determined using an impedance analyzer, a transmitting and receiving antenna system, or a chirp interrogation system. The resonant frequency may further be determined using a simple analog circuit with a transmitter. The sensors are constructed so that either the resonant frequency or bandwidth of the sensor circuit, or both, are made to depend upon the physical properties such as pressure, temperature, presence of a chemical species, or other condition of a specific environment. The physical properties are calculated from the resonant frequency and bandwidth determined.
摘要翻译：提供了几个传感器用于确定包括压力，温度，化学物质和其他物理条件在内的许多物理性能中的一种。通常，传感器具有电感线圈的谐振电路，其电磁耦合到发射天线。当激励信号被施加到天线时，在传感器电路中感应出电流。该电流以传感器电路的谐振频率振荡。传感器电路的谐振频率和带宽由阻抗分析仪，发射和接收天线系统或啁啾询问系统确定。可以使用具有发射机的简单模拟电路进一步确定谐振频率。传感器被构造成使得传感器电路的谐振频率或带宽或两者都被制成取决于诸如压力，温度，化学物质的存在或特定环境的其他状况的物理性质。物理性质由谐振频率和带宽确定。

37. 发明授权

US5894990A Synthetic jet actuator and applications thereof 失效
标题翻译：合成射流致动器及其应用
公开(公告)号：US5894990A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US947815
申请日：1997-10-09
申请人： Ari Glezer , Mark G. Allen , David J. Coe , Barton L. Smith , Mark A. Trautman , John W. Wiltse
发明人： Ari Glezer , Mark G. Allen , David J. Coe , Barton L. Smith , Mark A. Trautman , John W. Wiltse
IPC分类号： B64C21/08 , B64G1/26 , B64G1/40 , F01D5/14 , F02K1/28 , F15C1/14 , F15C5/00 , F15D1/08 , F15D1/12 , F16K99/00 , F23R3/24 , H01L23/433 , H05K7/20 , B05B17/06
CPC分类号： F21V29/70 , B64C21/08 , B64G1/26 , B64G1/40 , B64G1/401 , F01D5/148 , F02K1/28 , F15C1/14 , F15C5/00 , F15D1/009 , F15D1/08 , F15D1/12 , F16K99/0001 , F16K99/0007 , F16K99/0048 , F21V29/40 , F21V29/63 , F21V29/677 , F21V29/83 , F23R3/24 , H01L23/4336 , H05K7/20172 , B64C2230/02 , B64C2230/04 , B64C2230/06 , B64C2230/14 , B64C2230/16 , B64C2230/18 , F16K2099/0094 , F16K2099/0098 , F16K99/0034 , F28F13/02 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/3011 , Y02T50/166 , Y02T50/673
摘要： A synthetic jet actuator, which can be micromachined if desired, generates a synthetic jet stream characterized by a series of successive vortices that can be used for effectively entraining adjacent fluid. The synthetic jet actuator can be used to bend, or vector, a jet stream from another jet actuator. Further, because the synthetic jet actuator exhibits zero net mass flux, the synthetic jet actuator can be used within a bounded volume. In structure, the synthetic jet actuator comprises a housing defining an internal chamber and having an orifice. A flexible metallized diaphragm forms a wall of the housing and can change the volume of the chamber when moved. An electrode is disposed adjacent to and spaced from the diaphragm, and an electrical bias is imposed between the metallized diaphragm and the electrode by a control system to force movement of the diaphragm. As the diaphragm moves, the volume in the internal chamber changes and vortices are ejected from the chamber through the orifice.
摘要翻译：如果需要，可以进行微加工的合成射流致动器产生合成射流，其特征在于一系列连续旋涡，其可用于有效夹带相邻流体。合成射流致动器可用于弯曲或矢量来自另一射流致动器的喷射流。此外，由于合成射流致动器具有零的净质量通量，所以合成射流致动器可以在有界体积内使用。在结构上，合成射流致动器包括限定内部腔并具有孔口的壳体。柔性金属化膜片形成壳体的壁，并且可以在移动时改变腔室的体积。电极被设置成与隔膜相邻并与隔膜隔开，并且通过控制系统施加在金属化隔膜和电极之间的电偏压以迫使隔膜的移动。当隔膜移动时，内腔中的体积变化，并且涡流从腔室通过孔排出。

38. 发明授权

US5847631A Magnetic relay system and method capable of microfabrication production 失效
标题翻译：具有微加工生产能力的磁继电器系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5847631A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US723300
申请日：1996-09-30
申请人： William P. Taylor , Mark G. Allen
发明人： William P. Taylor , Mark G. Allen
IPC分类号： H01H51/22 , B81B5/00 , H01H50/00
CPC分类号： H01H50/005 , H01H2001/0042 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： A magnetic relay system is implemented to act as a relay driven by a magnetic flux yet capable of production through micromachining. The magnetic relay system has an electromagnet, a movable plate, and conductive contacts. The contacts are connected to the circuits of outside electrical systems that are to be controlled by the switching of the relay system. The plate is movable allowing it to engage both contacts and allow current flow between the contacts or to disengage both contacts and prevent current flow between the contacts. The electromagnet provides a sufficient magnetic flux at desired times to move the movable plate and thereby controls whether the movable plate is engaged with the contacts. The electromagnet, movable plate, and the conductive contacts may be formed on a substrate capable of construction using microfabrication techniques.
摘要翻译：磁继电器系统被实现为作为由磁通量驱动并且能够通过微机械加工生产的继电器。磁继电器系统具有电磁铁，可动板和导电触头。触点连接到将由继电器系统的切换控制的外部电气系统的电路。板是可移动的，允许其接合两个触点并且允许电流在触点之间流动或者使两个触点脱离并防止触点之间的电流流动。电磁铁在期望的时间提供足够的磁通量以移动可移动板，从而控制可动板是否与触点接合。电磁体，可动板和导电触点可以形成在能够使用微细加工技术构造的基板上。

39. 发明授权

US5286335A Processes for lift-off and deposition of thin film materials 失效
标题翻译：薄膜材料剥离和沉积工艺
公开(公告)号：US5286335A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US865119
申请日：1992-04-08
申请人： Timothy J. Drabik , Nan M. Jokerst , Mark G. Allen , Martin A. Brooke
发明人： Timothy J. Drabik , Nan M. Jokerst , Mark G. Allen , Martin A. Brooke
IPC分类号： H01L21/20 , H01L21/306
CPC分类号： H01L24/96 , H01L2221/68368 , H01L2221/68381 , H01L2224/83894 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01014 , H01L2924/01015 , H01L2924/01027 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/01039 , H01L2924/01072 , H01L2924/01074 , H01L2924/01078 , H01L2924/01322 , H01L2924/10329 , H01L2924/10336 , H01L2924/12042 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/3011 , H01L2924/3025 , Y10S117/915 , Y10S148/10 , Y10S148/135
摘要： Novel processes permit integrating thin film semiconductor materials and devices using epitaxial lift off, alignment, and deposition onto a host substrate. One process involves the following steps. An epitaxial layer(s) is deposited on a sacrificial layer situated on a growth substrate. Device layers may be defined in the epitaxial layer. All exposed sides of the epitaxial layer is coated with a transparent carrier layer. The sacrificial layer is then etched away to release the combination of the epitaxial layer and the transparent carrier layer from the growth substrate. The epitaxial layer can then be aligned and selectively deposited onto a host substrate. Finally, the transparent carrier layer is removed, thereby leaving the epitaxial layer on the host substrate. An alternative process involves substantially the same methodology as the foregoing process except that the growth substrate is etched away before the sacrificial layer.
摘要翻译：新颖的工艺允许使用外延剥离，对准和沉积到主机衬底上的薄膜半导体材料和器件的集成。一个过程涉及以下步骤。外延层沉积在位于生长衬底上的牺牲层上。器件层可以在外延层中限定。外延层的所有暴露侧涂覆有透明载体层。然后蚀刻掉牺牲层以从生长衬底释放外延层和透明载体层的组合。然后可以将外延层对准并选择性地沉积到主机衬底上。最后，去除透明载体层，从而在主体衬底上留下外延层。替代方法涉及与前述方法基本相同的方法，除了在牺牲层之前蚀刻生长衬底。

40. 发明授权

US4899581A Method and apparatus for the quantitative measurement of adhesion of thin films 失效
标题翻译：用于定量测量薄膜粘附的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4899581A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-13
申请号：US351330
申请日：1989-05-04
申请人： Mark G. Allen , Stephen D. Senturia
发明人： Mark G. Allen , Stephen D. Senturia
IPC分类号： G01N3/00 , G01N3/02 , G01N19/04
CPC分类号： G01N19/04 , G01N2203/0091 , G01N2203/0298
摘要： A device for quantitatively measuring adherence of thin films provides a first substrate having an upper surface and a second substrate having a surface coplanar therewith. The second substrate is spaced on all sides from the first substrate by a cavity. The thin film is suspended over the cavity and adhered to the surfaces of the two substrates. A characteristic length of the area of the surface of the second substrate to which the film is adhered is made small relative to the characteristic length of the cavity. A pressure differential is applied across the thickness of the film such that the film debonds from the surface of the second substrate. Mechanical characteristics of the debonding of the film are observed and measured. The characteristics are thereafter related to provide a quantitative measurement of adherence of the thin film to the second substrate. A measurement of relative adherence between different films is obtained by testing a multilayered film structure. Other layers of various materials may be used to define a smaller area of adherence to which the film may be adhered.
摘要翻译：用于定量测量薄膜粘附性的装置提供具有上表面的第一基底和具有与其共面的表面的第二基底。第二基板通过空腔与第一基板的所有侧面间隔开。薄膜悬挂在空腔上并粘附到两个基板的表面上。相对于空腔的特征长度，薄膜附着的第二基板的表面的面积的特征长度变小。在膜的厚度上施加压差，使得膜从第二基板的表面剥离。观察并测量薄膜脱粘的机械特性。此后的特征涉及提供薄膜对第二基底的粘附的定量测量。通过测试多层膜结构获得不同膜之间的相对粘附度的测量。可以使用各种材料的其它层来限定薄膜附着的更小的粘附面积。

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