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31. 发明授权

US07382407B2 High intrascene dynamic range NTSC and PAL imager 有权
标题翻译：高内嵌动态范围NTSC和PAL成像器
公开(公告)号：US07382407B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-03
申请号：US10230205
申请日：2002-08-29
申请人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Igor Subbotin , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Gary E. Slayton
发明人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Igor Subbotin , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Gary E. Slayton
IPC分类号： H04N5/335
CPC分类号： H04N5/2355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/35554 , H04N5/3575 , H04N5/378
摘要： The invention provides a new method and apparatus for NTSC and PAL image sensors which employs fusion of adjacent row pixel charge samples to generate image data for a row. A variety of fusion schemes are possible for fusing the pixel signals from the adjacent rows. The rows of pixels are scanned so that each scan takes an odd row signal sample and, in some cases, an adjacent even row signal sample when specified conditions are met. One sampled row of the two adjacent rows integrate an image with a first integration period while the other adjacent row integrates an image with a second integration period.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于NTSC和PAL图像传感器的新方法和装置，其使用相邻行像素电荷样本的融合来生成行的图像数据。各种融合方案可以用于融合来自相邻行的像素信号。扫描像素行，使得当满足特定条件时，每个扫描采取奇数行信号采样，并且在一些情况下，采用相邻偶数行信号采样。两个相邻行的一个采样行将第一积分周期的图像整合，而另一个相邻行将图像与第二积分周期相集成。

32. 发明申请

US20080049125A1 Method, apparatus and system providing adjustment of pixel defect map 有权
标题翻译：提供像素缺陷图的调整的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US20080049125A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-28
申请号：US11509712
申请日：2006-08-25
申请人： Igor Subbotin
发明人： Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N5/217
CPC分类号： H04N5/367 , H04N5/3675
摘要： A method, apparatus and system that allows for the identification of defective pixels, for example, defective pixel clusters, in an imager device. The method, apparatus and system determine, during use of the imager device, that a pixel defect, e.g., cluster defect, exists and accurately maps the location of the defective pixel. By analyzing more than one frame of an image, the method increases the accuracy of the defect mapping, which is used to improve the quality of the resulting image data.
摘要翻译：一种允许在成像器装置中识别缺陷像素，例如缺陷像素簇的方法，装置和系统。该方法，装置和系统在使用成像器装置期间确定像素缺陷（例如，簇缺陷）存在并准确地映射缺陷像素的位置。通过分析图像的多个帧，该方法提高了缺陷映射的精度，用于提高生成的图像数据的质量。

33. 发明授权

US07317480B1 Imaging apparatus providing black level compensation of a successive approximation A/D converter 有权
标题翻译：成像装置提供逐次逼近A / D转换器的黑电平补偿
公开(公告)号：US07317480B1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-08
申请号：US10000660
申请日：2001-10-30
申请人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Zeynep Toros , Igor Subbotin
发明人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Zeynep Toros , Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N5/217 , H04N9/64 , H03M1/12
CPC分类号： H03M1/1019 , H03M1/1215 , H03M1/46 , H04N5/361 , H04N5/374 , H04N9/045
摘要： Image sensor with a successive approximation A/D converter that automatically compensates for black level and provides a signal indicative of the difference between the reset level and the signal level. Black level for each of a plurality of color pixels may be obtained. This may be obtained from, for example, an image sensor with intentionally darkened pixels. Levels from these pixels are sampled, and an average of these pixels is used to form a black level for similarly-colored pixels. That black level is stored, and used to drive a D/A converter. Another D/A converter forms the actual conversion, and is compared to a reference. The reference is selected such that the output signal is automatically compensated for black level, and also corresponds to the difference between signal and reset.
摘要翻译：具有逐次逼近A / D转换器的图像传感器，其自动补偿黑电平并提供指示复位电平和信号电平之间的差异的信号。可以获得多个彩色像素中的每一个的黑色电平。这可以从例如具有有意变暗的像素的图像传感器获得。对这些像素的电平进行采样，并且使用这些像素的平均来形成用于类似彩色像素的黑色电平。存储黑色电平，并用于驱动D / A转换器。另一个D / A转换器形成实际转换，并与参考进行比较。选择参考，使得输出信号自动补偿黑电平，并且也对应于信号和复位之间的差异。

34. 发明授权

US07245320B2 Method and apparatus for automatic gain and exposure control for maintaining target image brightness in video imager systems 有权
标题翻译：用于自动增益和曝光控制的方法和装置，用于维持视频成像系统中的目标图像亮度
公开(公告)号：US07245320B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-17
申请号：US10160089
申请日：2002-06-04
申请人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
发明人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N5/235 , H04N5/238 , G03B13/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/2357 , H04N5/2353 , H04N5/243
摘要： In an image processing system, the imager gain and the exposure time are adjusted based on a predefined stepping sequence using a stepping table designed to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio in the image. This is achieved by providing a stepping sequence with each step having the largest suitable integration time (exposure) and an appropriate amplifier and digital gain setting, while achieving an equal relative percentage change in image brightness between adjacent sequence steps. The size of the executed AE steps is proportional to the distance between a current image luminance and the target luminance. This is achieved by the capability to skip one or more steps in the stepping sequence, if appropriate, for each relevant executed step, with the number of skipped steps, if any, being proportional to the magnitude of the deviation from the target brightness.
摘要翻译：在图像处理系统中，使用设计成使图像中的信噪比最大化的步进表，基于预定的步进序列来调整成像器增益和曝光时间。这通过提供具有最大合适积分时间（曝光）和适当的放大器和数字增益设置的每个步骤的步进序列来实现，同时在相邻序列步骤之间实现图像亮度相等的相对百分比变化。执行的AE步骤的大小与当前图像亮度和目标亮度之间的距离成比例。这是通过对于每个相关的执行步骤（如果适用的话）跳过步进序列中的一个或多个步骤的能力来实现的，并且跳过的步骤的数目（如果有的话）与与目标亮度的偏差的大小成比例。

35. 发明申请

US20070058056A1 Method and apparatus for real time identification and correction of pixel defects for image sensor arrays 有权
公开(公告)号：US20070058056A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-15
申请号：US11598804
申请日：2006-11-14
申请人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
发明人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N9/04
CPC分类号： H04N5/3675 , G06T5/005 , G06T5/20
摘要： An image processing system and method compares each pixel of an image obtained from an image sensor array with at least eight surrounding pixels of the same color in the filter array. If the signal of a given pixel is larger than the respective signals of all eight surrounding pixels of the same color, then the value of that central pixel signal is substituted with the maximum signal value among the surrounding eight pixels of the same color. Similarly, if the signal of a given pixel is smaller than the respective signals of all eight surrounding pixels of the same color, then the value of that central pixel signal is substituted with the minimum signal value among the surrounding eight pixels of the same color.

36. 发明申请

US20070052817A1 Method and apparatus for managing integration time of imagers 有权
标题翻译：用于管理成像器的积分时间的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070052817A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-08
申请号：US11523094
申请日：2006-09-19
申请人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
发明人： Michael Kaplinsky , Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N9/73
CPC分类号： H04N5/2357 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/2353
摘要： The integration time for an imager is adjusted to be an integer multiple of the light intensity received by the imager to reduce or eliminate flickering.
摘要翻译：成像器的积分时间被调整为成像器接收的光强度的整数倍，以减少或消除闪烁。

37. 发明授权

US08243164B2 Method, apparatus, and system for selecting pixels for automatic white balance processing 有权
标题翻译：用于选择自动白平衡处理的像素的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US08243164B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12868473
申请日：2010-08-25
申请人： Igor Subbotin
发明人： Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N9/73 , H04N5/20
CPC分类号： H04N1/46
摘要： A method, apparatus, and system that use a white balance operation. A selecting process is applied to each pixel selected and considered for automatic white balance statistics to determine the distance from the selected pixel to a white curve defined in a white area corresponding to an image sensor.
摘要翻译：使用白平衡操作的方法，装置和系统。选择处理被应用于选择和考虑用于自动白平衡统计的每个像素，以确定从对应于图像传感器的白色区域中定义的所选像素到白色曲线的距离。

38. 发明申请

US20110149122A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS PROVIDING NOISE REDUCTION WHILE PRESERVING EDGES FOR IMAGERS 有权
标题翻译：在保存图像边缘时提供噪声减少的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20110149122A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-23
申请号：US13040648
申请日：2011-03-04
申请人： Igor Subbotin
发明人： Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N9/64
CPC分类号： H04N1/409 , G06T5/002 , G06T5/20 , G06T2207/10024
摘要： A method of reducing noise in an image including steps for obtaining a first value for a target pixel, obtaining a respective second value for each neighboring pixel surrounding the target pixel and having the same color as the target pixel, for each neighboring pixel, comparing a difference between said first value and said second value to a threshold value, and replacing the first value with an average value obtained from the first value and at all second values from the neighboring pixels which have an associated difference which is less than or equal to the threshold value based on a result of the comparing step.
摘要翻译：一种降低图像噪声的方法，包括获得目标像素的第一值的步骤，为每个相邻像素获得与目标像素相邻并具有与目标像素相同颜色的每个相邻像素的相应第二值，比较将所述第一值和所述第二值之间的差值设置为阈值，并且从具有小于或等于所述第一值的相邻像素的相邻像素的第一值和所有第二值获得的平均值替换第一值基于比较步骤的结果的阈值。

39. 发明授权

US07804525B2 Method, apparatus, and system for selecting pixels for automatic white balance processing 有权
标题翻译：用于选择自动白平衡处理的像素的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US07804525B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-28
申请号：US11508889
申请日：2006-08-24
申请人： Igor Subbotin
发明人： Igor Subbotin
IPC分类号： H04N9/73 , H04N5/20
CPC分类号： H04N1/46
摘要： A method, apparatus, and system that use a white balance operation. A selecting process is applied to each pixel selected and considered for automatic white balance statistics to determine the distance from the selected pixel to a white curve defined in a white area corresponding to an image sensor.
摘要翻译：使用白平衡操作的方法，装置和系统。选择处理被应用于选择和考虑用于自动白平衡统计的每个像素，以确定从对应于图像传感器的白色区域中定义的所选像素到白色曲线的距离。

40. 发明申请

US20080218621A1 High intrascene dynamic range NTSC and PAL imager 有权
公开(公告)号：US20080218621A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-11
申请号：US12081302
申请日：2008-04-14
申请人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Igor Subbotin , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Gary E. Slayton
发明人： Kwang-Bo Cho , Igor Subbotin , Michael Kaplinsky , Sandor L. Barna , Gary E. Slayton
IPC分类号： H04N5/335
CPC分类号： H04N5/2355 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/35554 , H04N5/3575 , H04N5/378
摘要： The invention provides a new method and apparatus for NTSC and PAL image sensors which employs fusion of adjacent row pixel charge samples to generate image data for a row. A variety of fusion schemes are possible for fusing the pixel signals from the adjacent rows. The rows of pixels are scanned so that each scan takes an odd row signal sample and, in some cases, an adjacent even row signal sample when specified conditions are met. One sampled row of the two adjacent rows integrate an image with a first integration period while the other adjacent row integrates an image with a second integration period.

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