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31. 发明授权

US07573916B1 Multi-function high-speed network interface 有权
标题翻译：多功能高速网络接口
公开(公告)号：US07573916B1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-11
申请号：US10804349
申请日：2004-03-17
申请人： Andreas V. Bechtolsheim , Howard M. Frazier , Thomas J. Edsall
发明人： Andreas V. Bechtolsheim , Howard M. Frazier , Thomas J. Edsall
IPC分类号： H04J3/02 , H04L12/56 , H04L12/66 , H04Q11/00
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/4633
摘要： A high speed communications interface divides data into a plurality of lanes, each lane encoded with clocking information, serialized, and sent to an interface. During cycles when there is no available data to send, IDLE_EVEN and IDLE_ODD cells are sent on alternating cycles. Data is transmitted by sending a header which spans all lanes and includes a START symbol. The final data transaction includes a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which operates over the entire header and data. The packet is terminated by an END symbol, which is sent after the final data, and the remainder of the lanes are padded with IDLE_EVEN, IDLE_ODD, IDLE_EVEN_BUSY, or IDLE_ODD_BUSY cycles. The interface has a variable clock rate.
摘要翻译：高速通信接口将数据划分为多个通道，每个通道用时钟信息编码，串行化并发送到接口。在没有可用数据发送的周期期间，IDLE_EVEN和IDLE_ODD单元是以交替周期发送的。通过发送跨越所有通道的头部并包括START符号来发送数据。最终数据事务包括在整个报头和数据上操作的帧校验序列（FCS）。数据包由END符号终止，该符号在最终数据之后发送，剩余的通道以IDLE_EVEN，IDLE_ODD，IDLE_EVEN_BUSY或IDLE_ODD_BUSY循环填充。该接口具有可变的时钟速率。

32. 发明授权

US07200145B1 Private VLANs 有权
标题翻译：私有VLAN
公开(公告)号：US07200145B1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-03
申请号：US10840212
申请日：2004-05-05
申请人： Thomas J. Edsall , Marco Foschiano , Michael Fine , Thomas Nosella
发明人： Thomas J. Edsall , Marco Foschiano , Michael Fine , Thomas Nosella
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/467
摘要： The invention uses a layer 2 switch (L2 switch), or bridge, to separate user's message traffic by use of Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) defined within the switch. Three new types of ports are defined, “promiscuous” ports “isolated” ports, and “community” ports. Three types of VLANs internal to the switch are defined, “primary” VLANs, “isolated” VLANs and “community” VLANs. The promiscuous ports are connected to layer 3 or layer 4 devices. Isolated ports and community ports are connected to individual user's servers, etc., and maintain traffic for each user separate from other users. The primary VLAN connects to all promiscuous ports, to all isolated ports, and to all community ports. The primary VLAN is a one way connection from promiscuous ports to isolated or community ports. An isolated VLAN connects to all promiscuous ports and to all isolated ports. The isolated VLAN is a one way connection from an isolated port to the promiscuous ports. A community VLAN is defined as connecting to a group of community ports, and also connecting to all of the promiscuous ports. The group of community ports is referred to as a “community” of community ports. A community VLAN is a one way connection from a community of ports to the promiscuous ports, but allows a packet received by one community port to be transmitted out of the switch, through the other community ports connected to that community VLAN.
摘要翻译：本发明使用第2层交换机（L2交换机）或桥接器来通过使用在交换机内定义的虚拟局域网（VLAN）来分离用户的消息业务。定义了三种新类型的端口，“混杂”端口“隔离”端口和“社区”端口。交换机内部的三种VLAN定义为“主”VLAN，“隔离”VLAN和“社区”VLAN。混杂端口连接到第3层或第4层设备。隔离的端口和社区端口连接到个人用户的服务器等，并保持每个用户与其他用户分开的流量。主VLAN连接到所有混杂端口，所有隔离端口和所有社区端口。主VLAN是从混杂端口到隔离或社区端口的单向连接。隔离VLAN连接到所有混杂端口和所有隔离端口。隔离VLAN是从隔离端口到混杂端口的单向连接。社区VLAN被定义为连接到一组社区端口，并且还连接到所有混杂端口。社区港口群体被称为社区港口的“社区”。社区VLAN是从端口群组到混杂端口的单向连接，但允许通过连接到该社区VLAN的其他社区端口将一个社区端口接收的数据包从交换机传输出去。

33. 发明授权

US07130272B1 Method and apparatus for performing high-speed traffic shaping 有权
标题翻译：用于执行高速流量整形的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07130272B1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US11074261
申请日：2005-03-07
申请人： Silvano Gai , Thomas J. Edsall
发明人： Silvano Gai , Thomas J. Edsall
IPC分类号： H04L12/26 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L47/22
摘要： A network traffic shaper for shapping transmission of network messages includes a system time generator for generating a system time, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for computing a transmission start time for each network message in response to the system time, and a retrieve time generator adapted to increment a retrieve time at a rate faster than the system time. As network messages are received, they are stored in a queue along with an associated transmission start time for each message. A forwarding trigger transmits a store network messages when its associated transmission start time matches the retrieve time. Alternately, a second transmission start time representing an excess bandwidth transmission start time may be computed for each network message. If excess bandwidth is detected, a message may be transmitted when its second transmission start time matches the retrieve time.
摘要翻译：用于对网络消息的传输进行整形的网络流量整形器包括用于产生系统时间的系统时间发生器，用于响应于系统时间计算每个网络消息的传输开始时间的算术逻辑单元（ALU），以及检索时间生成器适于以比系统时间更快的速率递增检索时间。当接收到网络消息时，它们与每个消息的相关传输开始时间一起存储在队列中。转发触发器在其相关联的传输开始时间与检索时间匹配时传送存储网络消息。或者，可以针对每个网络消息计算表示超带宽传输开始时间的第二传输开始时间。如果检测到超额带宽，则当其第二传输开始时间与检索时间匹配时可以发送消息。

34. 发明授权

US07106731B1 Router with class of service mapping 有权
标题翻译：路由器具有服务类映射
公开(公告)号：US07106731B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-12
申请号：US09616842
申请日：2000-07-14
申请人： Arthur Lin , Thomas J. Edsall , Tauseef Hashmi
发明人： Arthur Lin , Thomas J. Edsall , Tauseef Hashmi
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/30 , H04L45/302 , H04L45/60 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/2433 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/32
摘要： A router classifies packets assigned to X*Y classes of service into X classes of service supported by the router, each of the X classes of service having Y loss-priority levels. The router maintains a free queue that links available entries of a buffer in which packets are stored. A weighted average depth of the free queue is used to determine whether to retain a given packet. If the weighted average is above a maximum threshold, the packet is retained. If the weighted average is below a minimum threshold, the packet is discarded. If the weighted average is between the two thresholds, a probability of discard that is based on the X*Y classes of service is calculated and compared to a random value to determine whether the packet should be retained.
摘要翻译：路由器将分配给X * Y服务等级的分组分配给路由器支持的X类服务，每个X类服务具有Y丢失优先级。路由器维护一个空闲队列，链接存储数据包的缓冲区的可用条目。使用空闲队列的加权平均深度来确定是否保留给定的分组。如果加权平均值高于最大阈值，则保留该数据包。如果加权平均值低于最小阈值，则丢弃该数据包。如果加权平均值在两个阈值之间，则计算基于X * Y服务等级的丢弃概率，并将其与随机值进行比较，以确定是否应保留数据包。

35. 发明授权

US06735201B1 Efficient network multicast switching apparatus and methods 有权
公开(公告)号：US06735201B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US10238422
申请日：2002-09-10
申请人： Umesh Mahajan , Ramana Mellacheruvu , Thomas J. Edsall , Raymond Kloth
发明人： Umesh Mahajan , Ramana Mellacheruvu , Thomas J. Edsall , Raymond Kloth
IPC分类号： H04L1228
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/467
摘要： Efficient switched network multicasting techniques are provided. Incoming multicast packets are processed by a central forwarding engine (CFE) in a network switch to generate forwarding indices used to make forwarding decisions for the packets based upon whether the packets are special multicast control packets or data packets. Forwarding of the special multicast control packets is determined by the switch's network management processor (NMP), while data packets are forwarded based upon conventional bridge forwarding techniques.

36. 发明授权

US06735198B1 Method and apparatus for updating and synchronizing forwarding tables in a distributed network switch 有权
标题翻译：用于在分布式网络交换机中更新和同步转发表的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06735198B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09469062
申请日：1999-12-21
申请人： Thomas J. Edsall , Herman Levenson , Claudette Lucille Surma , Ajit Sanzgiri , Saravanakumar Rajendran , Rong-Lung Lue , Tuan Thanh Nguyen
发明人： Thomas J. Edsall , Herman Levenson , Claudette Lucille Surma , Ajit Sanzgiri , Saravanakumar Rajendran , Rong-Lung Lue , Tuan Thanh Nguyen
IPC分类号： H04L1228
CPC分类号： H04L45/54 , H04L49/3009 , H04L49/354 , H04L49/602
摘要： A mechanism and technique updates and synchronizes forwarding tables contained on line cards that are interconnected by a switch fabric of a distributed network switch. The network switch is preferably a L3 or L4 switch comprising a plurality of forwarding engines distributed among the line cards. Each forwarding engine has an associated forwarding table, which preferably includes a L2 portion and L3/L4 portions. The L2 portion of the table is used to execute forwarding decision operations for frames forwarded among ports of the line cards, whereas the L3/L4 portions of the table are used to execute shortcut and forwarding operations for frames routed among the ports. The mechanism comprises a media access control (MAC) notification (MN) frame for updating and synchronizing the location of a destination port stored in the L2 portions of the forwarding tables.
摘要翻译：机制和技术更新并同步包含在由分布式网络交换机的交换结构互连的线路卡上的转发表。网络交换机优选地是包括分配在线路卡之间的多个转发引擎的L3或L4交换机。每个转发引擎具有相关联的转发表，其优选地包括L2部分和L3 / L4部分。表的L2部分用于对线路卡端口之间转发的帧执行转发决策操作，而表的L3 / L4部分用于对端口之间路由的帧执行快捷和转发操作。该机制包括用于更新和同步存储在转发表的L2部分中的目的地端口的位置的媒体访问控制（MAC）通知（MN）帧。

37. 发明授权

US06675220B1 Techniques for the hardware implementation of random early detection mechanisms 有权
标题翻译：硬件实现随机早期检测机制的技术
公开(公告)号：US06675220B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09372480
申请日：1999-08-11
申请人： Davide Bergamasco , Thomas J. Edsall , Guglielmo M. Morandin , Keith McCloghrie
发明人： Davide Bergamasco , Thomas J. Edsall , Guglielmo M. Morandin , Keith McCloghrie
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L47/30 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/29 , H04L47/32
摘要： Techniques for managing queues of packets are provided. Once the average queue size crosses a minimum threshold, packets are dropped according to a probability. Once a packet is dropped, the minimum threshold is increased in order to decrease the likelihood that a subsequent packet will be dropped. As packets are accepted, the minimum threshold is decreased gradually to its original value so that the distribution of dropped packets is very uniform.
摘要翻译：提供了管理数据包队列的技术。一旦平均队列大小超过最小阈值，则根据概率丢弃数据包。一旦分组被丢弃，则增加最小阈值以便降低后续分组将被丢弃的可能性。随着数据包被接受，最小阈值逐渐降低到其原始值，使得丢弃的数据包的分布非常均匀。

38. 发明授权

US06457058B1 Network switch with hash table look up 有权
标题翻译：网络交换机与哈希表查找
公开(公告)号：US06457058B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-24
申请号：US09904431
申请日：2001-07-12
申请人： Daniel Ullum , Thomas J. Edsall , Soei-Shin Hang
发明人： Daniel Ullum , Thomas J. Edsall , Soei-Shin Hang
IPC分类号： G06F15173
CPC分类号： H04L12/467 , H04L12/4675 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/745
摘要： An improved look up mechanism for accessing a RAM to obtain forwarding information for data frames being transported among ports of a high-performance switch is provided. The look up mechanism includes a multi-page look up table and associated hashing technique. A media access control (MAC) address and a virtual local area network (VLAN) identifier are transformed with a hash function to obtain a hash key. The hash key is an address pointing to a particular entry in the look up table. A virtual first page is also derived from the hash key, which selects a particular physical page of the look up table to be initially accessed each time that MAC address/VLAN pair is used. The look up mechanism may also be used to access a short cut table containing Layer 3 short cut information. In either case, ultimately, the likelihood is increased that a match will be found on the first RAM access, thus maintaining high-speed switch performance.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于访问RAM以获得在高性能交换机的端口之间传输的数据帧的转发信息的改进的查找机制。查找机制包括多页查找表和相关联的散列技术。媒体访问控制（MAC）地址和虚拟局域网（VLAN）标识符通过散列函数进行变换以获得散列密钥。哈希密钥是指向查找表中特定条目的地址。还从散列密钥派生虚拟第一页，该密钥选择每次使用MAC地址/ VLAN对时最初访问的查找表的特定物理页。查找机制也可用于访问包含第3层快捷方式信息的快捷表。在这两种情况下，最终增加了在第一RAM访问中发现匹配的可能性，从而保持高速开关性能。

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