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31. 发明申请

US20020092834A1 Apparatus for coating a substrate with a plasma arc torch 审中-公开
标题翻译：用等离子弧焊炬涂覆基板的设备
公开(公告)号：US20020092834A1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-18
申请号：US10027684
申请日：2001-12-20
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Steffen Nowotny , Roman Zieris , Tobias Neumann , Gerhard Eckart
IPC分类号： B23K010/00 , B23K026/14
CPC分类号： H05H1/42
摘要： The invention relates to an apparatus for coating a substrate with a plasma arc torch, and with such a plasma arc torch the powdery additive is to be heated, melted open and accelerated towards the surface with plasma gas generated in the plasma arc torch, and with an additional laser beam. In the plasma arc torch, an annular cathode is located or a plurality of individual cathodes are arranged about a longitudinal axis. Gas is supplied into a plasma space which is located between such an annular cathode or the plurality of cathodes, and such an annular anode. With the invention, coating is to be allowed to be formed with a higher speed and deposition rate, respectively, with respect to the conventional solution with the same and increased quality, respectively, and the directional independence for the formation of the coating is to be ensured. This object is substantially solved in that the laser beam is directed upon the surface to be coated through such an annular cathode or between a plurality of cathodes arranged about the longitudinal axis, and through the annular shaped anode coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis A.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用等离子弧焊炬涂覆基板的设备，并且通过这样的等离子弧焊炬，粉末状添加剂将被加热，熔化开放并且在等离子体电弧炬中产生等离子体气体而朝向表面加速，并且与一个额外的激光束。在等离子弧焊炬中，环形阴极被定位或者围绕纵向轴线布置多个单独的阴极。将气体供给到位于这样的环状阴极或多个阴极之间的等离子体空间中，以及这种环状阳极。通过本发明，可以分别以相同和提高质量的常规溶液分别以更高的速度和沉积速率形成涂层，并且用于形成涂层的方向独立性应为确保。基本上解决了这个目的，即激光束被引导通过这种环形阴极被涂覆的表面，或者围绕纵向轴线布置的多个阴极之间，以及相对于纵向轴线A同轴地穿过环形阳极。

32. 发明申请

US20020063053A1 Method of producing a thin-film system 失效
标题翻译：薄膜系统的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US20020063053A1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-30
申请号：US09962212
申请日：2001-09-26
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Torsten Winkler , Ralf Bluthner , Klaus Goedicke , Michael Junghahnel , Hans Buchberger , Manfred Muller , Arno Hebgen , Hans-Hermann Schneider
IPC分类号： C23C014/34 , B05D005/12 , H05H001/24
CPC分类号： C23C14/35 , C23C16/515
摘要： Production of a thin-film system containing at least one ultra-thin film, preferentially in the film thickness range from 1 to 10 nm, which is separated by plasma-aided chemical or physical vapor-phase deposition using magnetron discharges. The method is characterized in that in the course of deposition of the ultra-thin film the power output is introduced into the plasma in the form of a controlled number of power pulses and that the average power output during the pulse-on time is set higher by a factor of at least 3 than the averaged power output over the entire coating time during deposition of the ultra-thin film.
摘要翻译：制备含有至少一种超薄膜的薄膜系统，优选在1至10nm的膜厚度范围内，其通过使用磁控管放电的等离子体辅助化学或物理气相沉积分离。该方法的特征在于，在沉积超薄膜的过程中，功率输出以受控数量的功率脉冲的形式被引入等离子体，并且将脉冲接通时间期间的平均功率输出设置得更高比在超薄膜沉积期间的整个涂布时间的平均功率输出至少3倍。

33. 发明申请

US20020023503A1 Method of monitoring and controlling a screwing process 有权
标题翻译：监控和控制螺丝拧紧过程的方法
公开(公告)号：US20020023503A1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-28
申请号：US09940437
申请日：2001-08-29
申请人： Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Eckhardt Schneider , Rudiger Herzer
IPC分类号： F16B031/02
CPC分类号： G01N29/4436 , B25B23/14 , B25B23/1425 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/227 , G01N2291/02827 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/2626 , G01N2291/269 , G01N2291/2691
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for monitoring and, if need be, controlling a screwing process in the creation of a screw connection using a screw, in which ultrasonic pulses are repeatedly coupled into the screw starting from the head of the screw using a pulse-echo method before and during the tightening process and the time it takes the ultrasonic pulses to traverse the length of the screw (propagation time) is measured. Before starting the tightening process, a dependency of the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse on the predetermined tension of the screw is calculated from the material-specific characteristic values of the screw utilizing the measured propagation time through the load-free screw. Comparison of a change in propagation time dependent on a screw parameter with a calculated change in propagation time dependent on the predetermined tension of the screw permits drawing conclusions about the control of the screwing process. Thus, in particular, significant deviations indicate poor adherence to the specifications or thread damage, whereas minor deviations can be utilized to control the screwing process.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于监测的方法，并且如果需要的话，在使用螺钉的螺杆连接的创建中控制螺丝拧紧过程，其中使用脉冲将超声波脉冲从螺杆的头部重新连接到螺钉中在紧固过程之前和期间以及超声波脉冲穿过螺杆长度所需的时间（传播时间）进行测量。在开始紧固过程之前，利用所测量的通过无负载螺杆的传播时间，从螺杆的材料特性值计算超声波脉冲的传播时间对螺杆的预定张力的依赖性。根据螺杆参数的传播时间的变化与根据螺杆的预定张力的计算的传播时间的变化的比较允许得出关于螺旋过程的控制的结论。因此，特别地，显着的偏差表示对规格或螺纹损伤的粘附性差，而可以利用较小的偏差来控制螺纹拧紧过程。

34. 发明申请

US20010027927A1 Method and device for the detection of not easily volatized substances 有权
标题翻译：用于检测不易挥发物质的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20010027927A1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-11
申请号：US09824704
申请日：2001-04-04
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Michael Krausa , Klaus Schorb , Stefan Krebs , Frank Becker
IPC分类号： G01N027/26
CPC分类号： G01N33/0057 , G01N27/4045
摘要： A method for the detection of not easily volatized substances in particular of nitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene, or derivatives of nitrotoluene as well as chemical warfare substances such as Clark, Lewisite, Lost, Sarin, Soman, Tabun or the like in soil, liquid and gases, wherein an electrode configuration, comprising at least a working electrode and an opposing electrode, is brought into contact with a substance under examination via an electrolyte and a voltage is applied to the working electrode whose value is increased and decreased at least once with substantially equal beginning and end values within a predetermined time period, wherein the current strength is determined during this at least one measurement cycle in dependence on the applied voltage, is distinguished in that a plurality of measurement cycles are scanned, and differences of current values of sequential measurement cycles are determined and, in the event of the occurrence of a cathode current maximum, the associated voltage value is determined, held constant and the current strength extracted. A device is thereby utilized with which the electrolyte is in the form of a thin layer applied to the end of the sensor element coming in contact with the substance under investigation, the sensor element comprising at least a working and an opposing electrode.
摘要翻译：在土壤，液体中检测不易挥发的物质，特别是硝基甲苯，三硝基甲苯，硝基甲苯或硝基甲苯的衍生物以及诸如Clark，Lewisite，Lost，Sarin，Soman，Tabun等的化学物质的挥发物质的方法。气体，其中至少包括工作电极和相对电极的电极配置通过电解质与被检查物质接触，并且将电压施加到工作电极上，该电极的值基本上增加至少减少一次在预定时间段内具有相同的起始值和结束值，其中根据所施加的电压在该至少一个测量周期期间确定电流强度，其特征在于扫描多个测量周期，以及顺序的当前值的差异确定测量周期，并且在发生阴极电流最大的情况下，确定相关电压值，保持恒定，并提取电流强度。因此利用这样一种装置，其中电解质呈薄膜形式，施加到与所研究的物质接触的传感器元件的端部，传感器元件至少包括工作电极和相对电极。

35. 发明授权

US11588070B2 Method for producing a photovoltaic solar cell, photovoltaic solar cell and photovoltaic module 有权
公开(公告)号：US11588070B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-21
申请号：US16979327
申请日：2019-03-08
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V.
发明人： Jan Nekarda , Andreas Brand , Martin Graf , Angela De Rose , Achim Kraft
IPC分类号： H01L31/18 , H01L31/05
摘要： A method for producing a photovoltaic solar cell, including the method steps: A. providing at least one solar cell precursor having at least one base and at least one emitter; B. providing a metal film on a back side of the solar cell precursor, so that the metal film is electrically conductively connected to the base or the emitter, the metal film being formed as an integral component of the back side contact and the solar cell being terminated on the back side. The at least one cell connection region on at least one side of the metal film overhangs the edge of the solar cell precursor by at least 1 mm, preferably by at least 3 mm.

36. 发明授权

US11571524B2 Respiration-controlled application of aerosol in powder form during the artificial respiration or supported respiration of a patient 有权
公开(公告)号：US11571524B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-07
申请号：US16316992
申请日：2017-06-27
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. , MTF MediTech Franken GmbH
发明人： Gerhard Pohlmann , Felix Carl Wiegandt , Peter Iwatschenko
IPC分类号： A61M11/02 , A61M15/00 , A61M16/00 , A61M16/16 , A61M16/10 , A61M16/20 , A61M11/00 , A61M16/14
摘要： A system for respiration-controlled application of aerosol in powder form during artificial respiration or assisted respiration of a patient including an interface contacting the patient's respiratory tract, a unit for generating a respiratory gas flow, at least one inspiration line through gas flow is conducted to the interface, an aerosol generator, at least one aerosol line through which the generated aerosol is conducted from the aerosol generator to the interface, and a respiration sensor that detects the patient's respiration signal. A valve in the at least one aerosol line is controlled based on the detected respiratory signal. An intermediate store for generated aerosol in powder form is arranged between the valve and the aerosol generator. The gas flow has a first pressure that is higher than or equal to ambient pressure and the aerosol has a second pressure that is higher than or equal to the first pressure.

37. 发明申请

US20230023519A1 METHOD FOR MONITORING AND/OR CALIBRATING A DEVICE DESIGNED FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL X-RAY OPTICAL INSPECTION OF SEEDLINGS IN DIFFERENT GROWTH PHASES 有权
公开(公告)号：US20230023519A1
公开(公告)日：2023-01-26
申请号：US17813943
申请日：2022-07-21
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V , Strube D&S GmbH
发明人： Felix PORSCH , Antje WOLFF , Andreas GELZ , Yvonne GÖTZ , Marc NEUHOFF
IPC分类号： G01N23/046 , G01N33/00 , G01N23/18
摘要： A method for monitoring and/or calibrating a device designed for three-dimensional X-ray optical inspection of seedlings in different growth phases may optically or X-ray optically measure natural seedlings in three dimensions at predetermined times during their growth phase. The method may create a control program for a device which is designed for the three-dimensional printing of artificial seedlings as reference samples which are replicas of the natural seedlings in each case using the recorded measured values. The method may also produce artificial seedlings with a plastic using the device in accordance with the created control program. The artificial seedlings thus produced may be measured three-dimensionally by X-ray optics and the measured values thus acquired may be recorded in a control chart or an already created control chart is adapted, with which control chart monitoring and/or calibration of the device designed for the three-dimensional X-ray optical inspection of seedlings is performed.

38. 发明申请

US20220360793A1 MULTI-HYPOTHESIS PREDICTION 有权
公开(公告)号：US20220360793A1
公开(公告)日：2022-11-10
申请号：US17815200
申请日：2022-07-26
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Martin WINKEN , Christian BARTNIK , Philipp HELLE , Mischa SIEKMANN , Jonathan PFAFF , Detlev MARPE , Heiko SCHWARZ , Thomas WIEGAND
IPC分类号： H04N19/139 , H04N19/109 , H04N19/117 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/577 , H04N19/137 , H04N19/57
摘要： A video encoder for encoding a video into a data stream using motion compensated prediction for inter predicted blocks, comprising a hypothesis number control, configured to control a number of prediction hypotheses of the inter predicted blocks within a predetermined portion of the video to meet a predetermined criterion.

39. 发明申请

US20220264523A1 ENHANCED MULTI-CONNECTION OPERATIONS 有权
公开(公告)号：US20220264523A1
公开(公告)日：2022-08-18
申请号：US17667690
申请日：2022-02-09
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Thomas FEHRENBACH , Baris GÖKTEPE , Cornelius HELLGE , Thomas WIRTH , Thomas SCHIERL , Nithin SRINIVASAN
IPC分类号： H04W68/02
摘要： A user device, UE, for one or more wireless communication systems, includes one or more transceiver chains. The UE shares at least one transceiver chain with at least two connections to the one or more wireless communication systems. The UE is connected to one or more network entities, like a gNB or another UE, with the connections, and perform one or more operations on the connections at respective operation occasions. When the UE transmits or receives on a current one of the connections, it does not to transmit or receive on the other connections.

40. 发明授权

US11329292B2 Method to produce a composite semi-finished product 有权
公开(公告)号：US11329292B2
公开(公告)日：2022-05-10
申请号：US14905083
申请日：2014-07-04
申请人： Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
发明人： Lukas Kopietz , Thorsten Seipp , Sascha Berthold , Jens Burfeind , Damian Hintemann , Holger Wack
IPC分类号： H01M4/88 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/0239 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0273
摘要： A method to produce a composite semi-finished product, having a continuous phase including at least one thermoplastic plastic and a dispersed phase made from at least one electrically conductive filler. The at least one thermoplastic plastic in form of fine particles is mixed with the at least one filler in the form of fine particles. In each case, at least 90% by weight of the particles of the at least one thermoplastic plastic and of the at least one filler are smaller than 1 mm. The mixture of the at least one thermoplastic plastic and the at least one filler is heated to a temperature greater than the melting temperature of the at least one thermoplastic plastic. The heated material is cooled to a temperature below the solidification temperature of the at least one thermoplastic plastic.

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