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    • 26. 发明授权
    • Extrudable polyvinyl alcohol compositions containing modified starches
    • 含有改性淀粉的可挤出的聚乙烯醇组合物
    • US5362778A
    • 1994-11-08
    • US17932
    • 1993-02-16
    • Amir FamiliJames F. NangeroniFinn L. Marten
    • Amir FamiliJames F. NangeroniFinn L. Marten
    • C08K5/00C08L3/00C08L3/04C08L29/04C08L89/00B29C65/00D01F6/14
    • C08L3/00C08L29/04C08L3/04
    • An extrudable polyvinyl alcohol composition useful for packaging and molding applications is prepared by melt blending polyvinyl alcohol and thermoplastic modified starch to provide a product which has reduced water sensitivity, improved modulus and reduced elongation at high relative humidity.A method for extruding the polyvinyl alcohol composition comprises:adding sufficient energy to the polyvinyl alcohol composition to both melt it and essentially eliminate the polyvinyl alcohol crystallinity in the melt, andsimultaneously removing energy from the melt at a rate sufficient to avoid decomposition of the polyvinyl alcohol.The thermoplastic modified starch may be added to the polyvinyl alcohol before or during the melting of the polyvinyl alcohol and elimination of its crystallinity, or the starch may be blended with the thus treated polyvinyl alcohol and then melt extruding the polyvinyl alcohol/starch blend.
    • 通过熔融共混聚乙烯醇和热塑性改性淀粉制备可用于包装和模塑应用的可挤出聚乙烯醇组合物,以提供在高相对湿度下具有降低的水敏感性,改进的模量和降低的伸长率的产品。 用于挤出聚乙烯醇组合物的方法包括:向聚乙烯醇组合物中加入足够的能量以使其熔融并基本上消除熔融物中的聚乙烯醇结晶度,同时以足以避免聚乙烯醇分解的速率从熔体中除去能量 醇。 热塑性改性淀粉可以在聚乙烯醇熔融之前或期间加入到聚乙烯醇中并消除其结晶度,或者淀粉可以与如此处理的聚乙烯醇共混,然后熔融挤出聚乙烯醇/淀粉共混物。
    • 27. 发明授权
    • Nonwoven web of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers
    • 聚(乙烯醇)纤维的无纺网
    • US5342335A
    • 1994-08-30
    • US172018
    • 1993-12-22
    • Hannong Rhim
    • Hannong Rhim
    • A61F13/53A61F13/15A61F13/20A61F13/49D01F6/14D04H1/42D04H1/56D04H3/03D04H3/16
    • D04H3/16D01D5/04D01D5/14D01F6/14D04H1/56
    • A nonwoven web of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers which is prepared by a method comprising the steps of (1) preparing an aqueous polymer solution of a defined poly(vinyl alcohol); (2) extruding the resulting polymer solution under defined conditions through a die having a plurality of orifices to form a plurality of threadlines; (3) attenuating the resulting threadlines with a defined primary gaseous source to form fibers under conditions of controlled macro scale turbulence and under conditions sufficient to permit the viscosity of each threadline, as it leaves a die orifice and for a distance of no more than about 8 cm, to incrementally increase with increasing distance from the die, while substantially maintaining uniformity of viscosity in the radial direction, at a rate which is sufficient to provide fibers having the desired attenuation and mean fiber diameter without significant fiber breakage; (4) drying the attenuated threadlines with a defined secondary gaseous source; and (5) depositing the resulting fibers randomly on a moving foraminous surface to form a substantially uniform web, the moving foraminous surface being from about 10 to about 100 cm from the opening from which the last gaseous source to contact the threadlines emerges, which fibers have a mean fiber diameter in the range of from about 0.1 to about 30 .mu.m and are substantially free of shot, with the attenuating and drying steps being carried out under conditions of controlled macro scale turbulence.
    • 一种聚(乙烯醇)纤维的非织造纤维网,其通过包括以下步骤的方法制备:(1)制备定义的聚(乙烯醇)的聚合物水溶液; (2)在限定的条件下通过具有多个孔口的模头挤出所得的聚合物溶液以形成多根线; (3)用限定的主要气体源使得到的丝线衰减,以在受控的大规模湍流的条件下和在足以允许每个丝线的粘度的条件下形成纤维,因为它离开模口并且距离不超过约 8厘米,随着与模具的距离的增加而逐渐增加,同时基本上保持径向粘度的均匀性,其速率足以提供具有期望的衰减和平均纤维直径的纤维而没有显着的纤维断裂; (4)用限定的二次气源干燥衰减的丝线; 和(5)将所得纤维随机地沉积在移动的多孔表面上以形成基本上均匀的网状物,所述移动的多孔表面距离最后气态源接触丝线的开口出现约10至约100cm,哪个纤维 平均纤维直径在约0.1至约30μm的范围内,并且基本上没有喷射,衰减和干燥步骤在受控的大规模湍流的条件下进行。