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21. 发明申请

US20090056902A1 Method of forming a cast metal article 有权
标题翻译：铸造金属制品的成型方法
公开(公告)号：US20090056902A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US11899217
申请日：2007-09-05
申请人： Gerald C. Dodds , Jonathan Jarrabet , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Gerald C. Dodds , Jonathan Jarrabet , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C9/00
CPC分类号： B22C9/103 , B22C7/02 , B22C9/04
摘要： An unfired ceramic base core having a first coefficient of thermal expansion is provided. A core element having a second coefficient of thermal expansion is positioned in an opening formed in the unfired ceramic base core. The opening in the unfired ceramic base core is filled with a filler material having a third coefficient of thermal expansion. The third coefficient of thermal expansion is greater than the first coefficient of thermal expansion and less than the second coefficient of thermal expansion. The ceramic base core is fired without cracking the base core and without cracking the filler material. The ceramic base core contains silica and zircon and has a silica content of 70% or less and a zircon content of 30% or more. The core element may be formed of a ceramic material or a refractory metal.
摘要翻译：提供具有第一热膨胀系数的未焙烧陶瓷基底芯。具有第二热膨胀系数的芯元件位于未烧结的陶瓷基底芯中形成的开口中。在未焙烧的陶瓷基底芯中的开口填充有具有第三热膨胀系数的填充材料。第三热膨胀系数大于第一热膨胀系数，小于第二热膨胀系数。烧制陶瓷基芯不会使基体芯破裂，也不会使填料破裂。陶瓷基核包含二氧化硅和锆石，二氧化硅含量为70％以下，锆石含量为30％以上。芯元件可以由陶瓷材料或难熔金属形成。

22. 发明授权

US5409871A Ceramic material for use in casting reactive metals 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造活性金属的陶瓷材料
公开(公告)号：US5409871A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US146965
申请日：1993-11-02
申请人： Gerald C. Dodds , Ricky A. Alexander
发明人： Gerald C. Dodds , Ricky A. Alexander
IPC分类号： C04B35/117 , C04B35/638 , C04B35/10 , C04B35/44 , C04B35/505
CPC分类号： C04B35/638 , C04B35/117
摘要： An improved sintered ceramic core is used in a mold during the casting of a reactive metal. Prior to sintering, the core contains ceramic material which includes yttrium aluminate and alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3). It is preferred to have the ceramic material contain between 10% and 40% yttrium aluminate. Prior to sintering, the yttrium aluminate has a mean particle size of less than 20 microns and, preferably, less than 10 microns. Particularly advantageous results has been obtained by using yttrium aluminate having a mean particle size, prior to sintering, of approximately 3 microns. It is contemplated that the ceramic material will be utilized to form other articles, such as a mold, filter, or liner for a ladle, which are exposed to reactive metals during casting.
摘要翻译：在铸造活性金属期间，在模具中使用改进的烧结陶瓷芯。在烧结之前，芯包含包含铝酸钇和氧化铝（Al 2 O 3）的陶瓷材料。优选使陶瓷材料含有10％至40％的铝酸钇。在烧结之前，铝酸钇的平均粒度小于20微米，优选小于10微米。通过使用在烧结之前具有约3微米的平均粒度的铝酸钇已经获得了特别有利的结果。预期陶瓷材料将用于形成用于铸造的其它制品，例如用于钢包的模具，过滤器或衬套，其在铸造期间暴露于活性金属。

23. 发明授权

US5332537A Method and binder for use in powder molding 失效
标题翻译：用于粉末成型的方法和粘合剂
公开(公告)号：US5332537A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US991990
申请日：1992-12-17
申请人： Karl F. Hens , Donald M. Kupp , Ricky A. Alexander , Karl-Heinz Schofalvi
发明人： Karl F. Hens , Donald M. Kupp , Ricky A. Alexander , Karl-Heinz Schofalvi
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , B28B1/24 , B28B17/02 , C04B35/638 , C04B38/04
CPC分类号： C04B35/638 , B22F3/1025 , B28B1/24 , B28B17/026
摘要： An improved binder is mixed with powder to form feedstock for molding. The binder includes a first component which is soluble in water and a second component which is insoluble in water. The two binder components are miscible with each other in a liquid state. The two binder components form a uniform heterogeneous mixture when mixed in a liquid state. The binder is mixed with a suitable powder to form the feedstock. The feedstock is molded to form a compact. Polymer units of the binder are cross linked after the compact has been formed. The cross linking of the polymer units of a component of the binder is accomplished by exposing the compact to ultraviolet radiation or by the use of a catalyst. The compact is partially debound by exposing the compact to water, that is, to a water based solvent. Thereafter, the compact is further debound to remove the component which is insoluble in water. The powder is then sintered to form an article.
摘要翻译：将改进的粘合剂与粉末混合以形成用于模制的原料。粘合剂包括可溶于水的第一组分和不溶于水的第二组分。两种粘合剂组分在液态下彼此混溶。当以液态混合时，两种粘合剂组分形成均匀的非均匀混合物。将粘合剂与合适的粉末混合以形成原料。原料被模制以形成紧凑。在形成压块之后，粘合剂的聚合物单元交联。粘合剂组分的聚合物单元的交联通过使压块暴露于紫外线辐射或通过使用催化剂来实现。通过将压实体暴露于水，即将其压制成水基溶剂，将该压块部分脱胶。此后，将压块进一步脱胶以除去不溶于水的组分。然后将粉末烧结以形成制品。

24. 发明授权

US5221336A Method of casting a reactive metal against a surface formed from an improved slurry containing yttria 失效
标题翻译：将反应性金属对抗由含有氧化钇的改进浆料形成的表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US5221336A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-22
申请号：US523120
申请日：1990-05-14
申请人： Robert A. Horton
发明人： Robert A. Horton
IPC分类号： B22C1/12 , B22C3/00
CPC分类号： B22C3/00 , B22C1/12
摘要： Reactive metals, such as titanium or nickel-chrome superalloys containing rare earths, are cast with mold and/or core surface areas formed from an improved slurry. The improved slurry contains yttria to form an inert surface which is exposed to the molten reactive metal. In order to prevent premature gelation of the slurry, the forming of defects in the mold and/or core surface areas, and the forming of defects in the cast article, the slurry contains a source of hydroxyl ions. The source of hydroxyl ions is sufficient to result in the slurry having a pH of at least 10.2 six days after initially mixing the slurry. The source of hydroxyl ions may be a metal alkali or an organic hydroxide. It is believed that the source of hydroxyl ions functions as a hydration suppressant for the yttria to prevent premature gelation of the slurry. The slurry contains a silicon oxide (SiO.sub.2) to alkali ratio which is equivalent to a silicon oxide to sodium oxide (Na.sub.2 O) dry weight ratio of less than thirty-to-one (30:1).
摘要翻译：活性金属，例如含有稀土的钛或镍 - 铬超合金，用改进的浆料形成的模具和/或芯表面区域铸造。改进的浆料含有氧化钇以形成暴露于熔融反应性金属的惰性表面。为了防止浆料的过早凝胶化，在模具和/或芯部表面区域中形成缺陷以及在铸造制品中形成缺陷，浆料含有羟基离子源。羟基离子的来源足以使浆料在最初混合浆料六天后具有至少10.2的pH。羟基离子源可以是金属碱或有机氢氧化物。据信羟基离子源起着氧化钇的水合抑制作用，以防止浆料过早凝胶化。浆料含有氧化硅（SiO 2）与碱的比率，其等于氧化硅与氧化钠（Na 2 O）的干重比小于三十一（30:1）。

25. 发明授权

US5062469A Mold and method for casting a single crystal metal article 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造单晶金属制品的模具和方法
公开(公告)号：US5062469A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US542436
申请日：1990-06-22
申请人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： C30B11/00
CPC分类号： C30B11/002
摘要： A mold is used to cast an article as a single crystal having selected primary and secondary orientations. The mold includes an article mold having a configuration corresponding to the configuration of the article to be cast. A starter section contains a starter cavity in which one or more crystals form. A seed crystal is disposed in the starter cavity. A crystal selector has a passage which extends between an upper end of the starter and a lower end of the article mold. To promote the growth in the crystal selector passage of a crystal having primary and secondary orientations corresponding to the selected primary and secondary orientations of the article, the longitudinal central axis of the crystal selector passage is disposed in a single plane which is parallel to a plane containing the selected primary orientation axis of the single crystal article and the selected secondary orientation axis of the single crystal article.
摘要翻译：使用模具将物品浇铸成具有选择的一次和二次取向的单晶。模具包括具有对应于待铸造制品的构造的构造的制品模具。起动器部分包含其中形成一种或多种晶体的起动器腔。籽晶设置在起动器腔中。晶体选择器具有在起动器的上端和制品模具的下端之间延伸的通道。为了促进晶体选择器通道中的晶体选择器通道的生长，其具有对应于所选择的一次和二次取向的一次和二次取向的晶体选择器通道，晶体选择器通道的纵向中心轴线设置在平行于平面的单个平面中包含单晶制品的选定的主取向轴和单晶制品的选定的次取向轴。

26. 发明授权

US5046547A Casting method 失效
标题翻译：铸造方法
公开(公告)号：US5046547A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US477717
申请日：1990-02-09
申请人： James A. Oti
发明人： James A. Oti
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： An improved method of casting provides for the blocking of the upper end portion of a mold structure during preheating of the mold structure in a furnace and/or withdrawal of the mold structure from the furnace. The mold structure is raised into a furnace chamber with a cover blocking the upper end portion of the mold structure. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the cover moves upwardly through the furnace chamber to a location immediately above an upper sidewall of the furnace chamber. When the mold has been preheated, the cover is removed and molten metal is pored into the mold structure. The cover is then replaced on the mold structure. The molten metal in the mold structure is solidified by slowly withdrawing the mold structure from the furnace chamber with the cover blocking the upper end portion of the mold structure. Once the mold structure has been completely withdrawn from the furnace chamber and the molten metal in the mold structure has solidified, the cover is removed.
摘要翻译：改进的铸造方法提供了在炉中预热模具结构期间和/或将模具结构从炉中取出时模制结构的上端部分的阻塞。模具结构被升高到具有阻塞模具结构的上端部分的盖的炉室中。在本发明的所示实施例中，盖子向上移动通过炉室到位于炉室的上侧壁正上方的位置。当模具已被预热时，盖子被移除并且熔融的金属被注入到模具结构中。然后在模具结构上更换盖子。模具结构中的熔融金属通过将模具结构从炉室缓慢地取出而固化，同时盖子封住模具结构的上端部分。一旦模具结构已经完全从炉室中取出并且模具结构中的熔融金属已经固化，则盖被去除。

27. 发明授权

US4940073A Mold for casting a single crystal metal article 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造单晶金属制品的模具
公开(公告)号：US4940073A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-10
申请号：US382729
申请日：1989-07-19
申请人： Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham , John E. Brokloff , Louis H. Monte
发明人： Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham , John E. Brokloff , Louis H. Monte
IPC分类号： C30B11/00
CPC分类号： C30B11/002
摘要： A single crystal selector has a passage into which a plurality of crystals grow from a starter cavity and from which a single crystal emerges into an article mold cavity. The single crystal selector passage includes a linear lower vertical portion which extends upwardly away from an end portion on the starter cavity. A linear vertical upper portion of the selector passage extends downwardly from a lower end portion of the article mold cavity. A single bend portion of the selector passage extends between the upper and lower portions of the selector passage. A support element extends upwardly from a lower section of the selector to an upper section of the selector to at least partially support a single bend section of the selector. The single bend portion of the selector passage has a generally circular cross sectional configuration with a diameter which is less than 0.25 inches. The single bend portion of the selector passage extends sidewardly for a distance which is at least 1.5 times the diameter of the selector passage.
摘要翻译：单个晶体选择器具有多个晶体从起动器腔体生长并从其中单晶体出现到制品模具腔中的通道。单晶选择器通道包括从启动器腔体上的端部向上延伸的线性下垂直部分。选择通道的直线垂直上部从制品模腔的下端部向下延伸。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分在选择器通道的上部和下部之间延伸。支撑元件从选择器的下部向上延伸到选择器的上部，以至少部分地支撑选择器的单个弯曲部分。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分具有直径小于0.25英寸的大致圆形的横截面形状。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分侧向延伸的距离至少为选择器通道直径的1.5倍。

28. 发明授权

US4862947A Method of casting an article 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法
公开(公告)号：US4862947A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-05
申请号：US227544
申请日：1988-08-02
申请人： Robert A. Horton , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Robert A. Horton , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C3/00 , C30B11/00
CPC分类号： B22C3/00 , C30B11/002
摘要： An improved mold has a coating of material having a relatively high emissivity. The surface of the coating has an emissivity which is at least twice as great as the emissivity of the surface of the ceramic mold material. When the mold is removed from a furnace chamber, the surface of the coating radiates heat at a relatively high rate. In one embodiment of the invention, the coating is applied to only a portion of the surface of a ceramic mold. In another embodiment of the invention, the coating of material having a relatively high emissivity is applied to only a portion of a crystal selector on a mold for a single crystal article. The relatively high rate of radiation of heat from the coated portion of the crystal selector increases the rate of growth of an adjacent single crystal grain. If desired, the entire mold can be covered with the coating of material having a relatively high emissivity. The coating of material having a high emissivity may be formed of graphite.
摘要翻译：改进的模具具有具有较高发射率的材料涂层。涂层表面的发射率至少是陶瓷模具材料表面发射率的两倍。当模具从炉室中取出时，涂层的表面以相对高的速率辐射热量。在本发明的一个实施例中，涂层仅施加到陶瓷模具的表面的一部分上。在本发明的另一实施例中，具有较高发射率的材料涂层仅施加于单晶制品用模具上的晶体选择器的一部分。来自晶体选择器的涂覆部分的相对较高的热辐射率增加了相邻单晶粒的生长速率。如果需要，整个模具可以被具有较高发射率的材料涂层覆盖。具有高发射率的材料的涂层可以由石墨形成。

29. 发明授权

US4763716A Apparatus and method for use in casting articles 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造制品的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4763716A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US13469
申请日：1987-02-11
申请人： Lawrence D. Graham , Daniel G. Fetsko , Thomas George , Mark A. Crnkovic , William D. James , Walter E. Merz
发明人： Lawrence D. Graham , Daniel G. Fetsko , Thomas George , Mark A. Crnkovic , William D. James , Walter E. Merz
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/04
摘要： An improved apparatus and method is used to cast a plurality of articles in a mold structure having a plurality of article molds disposed in an array having an open central portion. The article molds are filled with molten metal while the mold structure is supported on a chill plate. An inner baffle plate is disposed in the central portion of the array of article molds and retards the transfer of heat from the article molds to the chill plate. The inner baffle plate is supported by a support structure which extends through the chill plate. After the article molds have been filled with molten metal, the chill plate and mold structure are lowered relative to the inner baffle plate to increase the rate of heat transfer from the article molds to the chill plate through the open central portion of the array of article molds. Thereafter, the inner baffle plate and support structure are lowered with the chill plate and mold structure. An outer baffle plate extends around the outside of the mold structure and is supported by the support structure. The outer baffle plate may be pressed against the bottom of a furnace to retard heat transfer between the inside and outside of the furnace along a path extending outside of the mold structure.

30. 发明授权

US08584512B2 Method and apparatus for inspecting airfoils 失效
标题翻译：用于检查翼型的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08584512B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-19
申请号：US12966177
申请日：2010-12-13
申请人： Kenneth B. Clarke
发明人： Kenneth B. Clarke
IPC分类号： G01B13/08
CPC分类号： G01M3/26
摘要： To inspect recesses in sides of an airfoil, gauge heads are moved into engagement with the recesses. Fluid pressure is conducted to the recesses while the gauge heads are in engagement with the recesses. A determination is made as to whether the rate of leakage of fluid from the recesses is greater than or less than a predetermined rate. If the rate of leakage of fluid is greater than a predetermined rate, one or more of the recesses is unacceptable. However, if the rate of leakage of fluid pressure is less than the predetermined rate, the recesses are acceptable.
摘要翻译：为了检查机翼侧面的凹槽，测量头移动与凹槽接合。当测量头与凹槽接合时，流体压力被传导到凹部。确定流体从凹部泄漏的速率是否大于或小于预定速率。如果流体的泄漏速率大于预定的速率，则一个或多个凹槽是不可接受的。然而，如果流体压力的泄漏速率小于预定的速率，那么这些凹槽是可以接受的。

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