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21. 发明授权

US4879021A Hydrogenation of coal and subsequent liquefaction of hydrogenated undissolved coal 失效
标题翻译：煤的氢化和随后的氢化未溶解煤的液化
公开(公告)号：US4879021A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-07
申请号：US237636
申请日：1988-08-26
申请人： Edwin J. Hippo , Alfred G. Comolli , Robert O'Brien
发明人： Edwin J. Hippo , Alfred G. Comolli , Robert O'Brien
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/08 , F02B3/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/006 , C10G1/083 , C10G1/086 , F02B3/06
摘要： A process for the hydrogenation of undissolved coal and subsequent liquefaction of the hydrogenated coal particles to provide useful hydrocarbon liquid products including naphtha, gasoline and diesel fuel. These low boiling hydrocarbon liquids are produced by the process comprising: (a) mixing solid coal particles with a coal derived solvent in a solvent/coal ratio ranging from about 8/1 to about 1.5/1 to provide a flowable coal/oil slurry of solid coal particles; (b) passing the coal/oil slurry and hydrogen upwardly through a first reaction zone containing a coal-derived liquid and bed of particulate catalyst maintained at a temperature ranging from about 400.degree. to about 700.degree. F. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 100 to 2000 psig for a time sufficient to hydrogenate the solid coal particles; and (c) withdrawing the coal/oil slurry having the hydrogenated coal particles from the first reaction zone and passing the coal/oil slurry to a second reaction zone containing a catalytic bed which is maintained at a temperature of between about 700.degree. and about 850.degree. F. and a hydrogen partial pressure of 9 to 2000 psig to liquefy and convert the coal to useful hydrocarbon liquid fuel products. The first and second reaction zones may include the same or different catalysts such as Co/Mo on a porous substrate, or the second reaction zone can include a noble metal such as platinum on a porous substrate such as alumina or silica.
摘要翻译：一种氢化未溶解煤的方法，随后液化氢化煤颗粒以提供有用的烃液体产物，包括石脑油，汽油和柴油。这些低沸点烃液体通过以下方法制备，该方法包括：（a）将固体煤颗粒与来自煤的溶剂以约8/1至约1.5/1的溶剂/煤比混合，以提供可流动的煤/油浆固体煤颗粒; （b）将煤/油浆和氢气向上通过包含煤源液体的第一反应区和保持在约400至约700°F温度范围内的颗粒催化剂床和氢分压为100 至2000psig一段足以使固体煤颗粒氢化的时间; 和（c）从第一反应区取出具有氢化煤粒子的煤/油浆料，并将煤/油浆料送入含有催化床的第二反应区，该反应区保持在约700℃至约850℃之间的温度 DEG，氢分压为9-2000psig，将煤液化并转化为有用的烃类液体燃料产品。第一反应区和第二反应区可以包括相同或不同的催化剂，例如多孔基材上的Co / Mo，或者第二反应区可以在多孔基材如氧化铝或二氧化硅上包括贵金属如铂。

22. 发明授权

US4874506A Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation process using extinction recycle of heavy liquid fraction 失效
$Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation process using extinction recycle of heavy liquid fraction$
标题翻译：催化两阶段煤炭加氢工艺采用重质液体馏分的消光循环
公开(公告)号：US4874506A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US109646
申请日：1987-10-16
申请人： James B. MacArthur , Alfred G. Comolli , Joseph B. McLean
发明人： James B. MacArthur , Alfred G. Comolli , Joseph B. McLean
IPC分类号： C10G65/10 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , C10G1/006
摘要： A process for catalytic two-stage hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal with selective extinction recycle of all heavy liquid fractions boiling above a distillation cut point of about 600.degree.-750.degree. F. to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal feed is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent normally boiling above about 650.degree. F. and fed into a first stage catalytic reaction zone operated at conditions which promote controlled rate liquefaction of the coal, while simultaneously hydrogenating the hydrocarbon recycle oils. The first stage reactor is maintained at 710.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and 10-90 lb/hr per ft.sup.3 catalyst space velocity. Partially hydrogenated material withdrawn from the first stage reaction zone is passed directly to the second stage catalytic reaction zone maintained at 760.degree.-860.degree. F. temperature for further hydrogenation and hydroconversion reactions. A 600.degree.-750.degree. F..sup.+ fraction containing 0-20 W % unreacted coal and ash solids is recycled to the coal slurrying step. If desired, the cut point lower boiling fraction can be further catalytically hydrotreated. By this process, the coal feed is successively catalytically hydrogenated and hydroconverted at selected conditions, to provide significantly increased yields of desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products and minimal production of hydrocarbon gases, and no net production of undesirable heavy oils and residuum materials.
摘要翻译：一种用于催化两步氢化和液化煤的方法，其中所有重馏分循环的所有重液体馏分沸点高于蒸馏馏分约600-750°F，以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产率。在此过程中，颗粒状煤进料与通常沸点高于约650°F的工艺衍生的液体溶剂混合，并进料到在促进煤的受控速率液化的条件下操作的第一级催化反应区，同时使烃循环油。第一级反应器保持在710°-8°F温度，1000-4000psig氢分压和10-90lb / hr / ft 3催化剂空速。从第一级反应区取出的部分氢化物质直接通入保持在760°-860°F温度的第二级催化反应区，进一步氢化和加氢转化反应。含有0-20W％未反应煤和灰分固体的600°-750°F +级分再循环到煤浆化步骤中。如果需要，切点低沸点馏分可进一步催化加氢处理。通过这个过程，煤炭进料在选定的条件下依次进行催化氢化和加氢转化，以提供所需低沸点烃液体产物的显着提高的产率和最少量的烃类气体的产生，并且不产生不需要的重油和渣油。

23. 发明授权

US4495055A Coal catalytic hydrogenation process using direct coal slurry feed to reactor with controlled mixing conditions 失效
标题翻译：煤催化加氢工艺，使用直接煤浆进料到具有受控混合条件的反应器
公开(公告)号：US4495055A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-22
申请号：US574223
申请日：1984-01-26
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli , Edwin J. Hippo
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli , Edwin J. Hippo
IPC分类号： C10G1/06 , C10G1/08
CPC分类号： C10G1/083
摘要： A process for improved catalytic hydrogenation of coal to produce increased yields of low boiling hydrocarbon liquids and gas products, in which a coal-oil slurry is fed directly with only limited preheating into an ebullated bed catalytic reaction zone to provide increased hydroconversion and improved yields of low boiling hydrocarbon liquids. In the process, a coal is slurried with a hydrogenated coal-derived liquid and heated to only a limited extent, as defined by a temperature-time severity unit index (STTU) less than about 0.1, so as to avoid depleting the hydrogen donor capacity of the solvent liquid, and the slurry is then fed directly into an ebullated bed catalytic reaction zone maintained at 650.degree.-900.degree. F. temperature and 1000-5000 psi hydrogen partial pressure. Supplemental heat is provided to the reaction zone as needed by heating recycled reactor liquid and recycled hydrogen streams to temperatures above the reaction zone temperature. If desired, effluent liquid from the reaction zone can be advantageously passed with hydrogen to a second ebullated bed catalytic reaction zone for further hydrogentation reaction at different severity selected to provide increased conversion of the coal and coal derived liquids and produce increased yields and/or improved selectivity of light hydrocarbon liquid products.
摘要翻译：一种用于改进煤的催化氢化以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产率的方法，其中将煤油浆料直接进料至有限的预热进入沸腾床催化反应区域以提供增加的加氢转化率和提高的产率低沸点烃类液体。在此过程中，煤与氢化的煤衍生液体一起制浆，只有在温度 - 时间苛刻度单位指数（STTU）小于约0.1的限定范围内加热至有限程度，以避免耗尽氢气供体的能力的溶剂液体，然后将浆料直接进料到保持在650-900°F温度和1000-5000psi氢分压的沸腾床催化反应区中。通过将再循环的反应器液体和再循环的氢气流加热到高于反应区温度的温度，根据需要将补充的热量提供给反应区。如果需要，来自反应区的流出液体可以有利地通过氢气到达第二沸腾床催化反应区域，用于进一步加氢反应，以选择不同的严重程度来提供煤和煤得到的液体的增加的转化率并产生增加的产率和/或改进轻烃液体产品的选择性。

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