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21. 发明授权

US5873075A Synchronization of SQL actions in a relational database system 失效
标题翻译：在关系数据库系统中同步SQL操作
公开(公告)号：US5873075A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US884832
申请日：1997-06-30
申请人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , George Lapis , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle , David Everett Simmen , Tuong Chanh Truong , Monica Sachiye Urata
发明人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , George Lapis , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle , David Everett Simmen , Tuong Chanh Truong , Monica Sachiye Urata
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30427 , G06F17/30371 , G06F17/30436 , G06F17/30471 , G06F17/3051 , Y10S707/99932
摘要： An automated system for detecting and preventing mutating table violations of database integrity in a SQL query before generation and selection of an optimal query execution plan (QEP). This system modifies the query graph model (QGM) to restrict the choice of execution plans to those that avoid mutating table integrity (MTI) violations, thereby forcing database integrity during table mutation when executing the optimal QEP. Mutating table integrity violations are detected by evaluating the position in the QGM of each write-node referencing a particular base table with respect to each of the positions of all other read- and write-nodes referencing of the same base table. Every common-referencing node pair is tested for sequencing conflicts and a data-flow dam is inserted in the QGM where necessary or a poke query is inserted between the nodes to force the completion of the execution of one node before initiating execution of the other common-referencing node. The system of this invention allows processing of all non-cyclic and most cyclic SQL queries known to cause mutating table integrity violations, such as queries having searched and positioned inserts, deletes and updates, and row-level triggers.
摘要翻译：一种用于在生成和选择最优查询执行计划（QEP）之前，在SQL查询中检测和防止突变表违反数据库完整性的自动化系统。该系统修改查询图模型（QGM），将执行计划的选择限制为避免突变表完整性（MTI）违规的选择，从而在执行最佳QEP时强制表突变期间的数据库完整性。通过评估参考相同基准表的所有其他读 - 写节点的每个位置的引用特定基表的每个写节点的QGM中的位置来检测突变表完整性违反。每个公共参考节点对都进行排序冲突测试，并且数据流大坝插入到QGM中，如果需要，或者在节点之间插入一个戳查询，强制完成一个节点的执行，然后再启动另一个常见的执行 - 参考节点。本发明的系统允许处理已知导致突变表完整性违例的所有非循环和大多数循环SQL查询，例如具有搜索和定位的插入，删除和更新的查询以及行级触发器。

22. 发明授权

US5850550A No preprocessor and a source level debugger for embedded SQL in a 3GL 失效
标题翻译：没有预处理器和源级调试器，用于3GL中的嵌入式SQL
公开(公告)号：US5850550A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US521711
申请日：1995-08-31
申请人： Chin Hsiang Li , I-Shin Andy Wang , Wei Young , Shu Huar Joseph Yeh , John Shek-Luen Ng , Kuo-Wei Hwang , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Tak-Ming Lo
发明人： Chin Hsiang Li , I-Shin Andy Wang , Wei Young , Shu Huar Joseph Yeh , John Shek-Luen Ng , Kuo-Wei Hwang , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Tak-Ming Lo
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F11/36
CPC分类号： G06F11/3624 , G06F8/427 , G06F8/447
摘要： A system and method for translating source code, comprising high level source code with embedded SQL statements, to p-code or machine-language instructions by a one-pass parsing mechanism. The one-pass parsing mechanism generates executable code without the need to generate an intermediate file. Additionally, the p-code or machine-language instructions are annotated with references to the line numbers of the corresponding source code, thereby allowing a source level debugger to debug the source code with embedded SQL statements.
摘要翻译：用于将源代码（包括具有嵌入式SQL语句的高级源代码）通过一遍解析机制转换为p代码或机器语言指令的系统和方法。一次性解析机制生成可执行代码，而不需要生成中间文件。此外，p代码或机器语言指令通过引用相应源代码的行号进行注释，从而允许源级调试器使用嵌入式SQL语句调试源代码。

23. 发明申请

US20080215580A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADAPTIVE DATABASE CACHING 有权
标题翻译：用于自适应数据库缓存的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080215580A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-04
申请号：US12123101
申请日：2008-05-19
申请人： MEHMET ALTINEL , Christof Bomhoevd , Chandasekaran Mohan , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Berthold Reinwald , Saileshwar Krishnamurthy
发明人： MEHMET ALTINEL , Christof Bomhoevd , Chandasekaran Mohan , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Berthold Reinwald , Saileshwar Krishnamurthy
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/3048 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： A local database cache enabling persistent, adaptive caching of either full or partial content of a remote database is provided. Content of tables comprising a local cache database is defined on per-table basis. A table is either: defined declaratively and populated in advance of query execution, or is determined dynamically and asynchronously populated on-demand during query execution. Based on a user input query originally issued against a remote DBMS and referential cache constraints between tables in a local database cache, a Janus query plan, comprising local, remote, and probe query portions is determined. A probe query portion of a Janus query plan is executed to determine whether up-to-date results can be delivered by the execution of a local query portion against a local database cache, or whether it is necessary to retrieve results from a remote database by executing a remote query portion of Janus query plan.
摘要翻译：提供本地数据库缓存，实现远程数据库的完整或部分内容的持久自适应缓存。包含本地缓存数据库的表的内容基于每个表进行定义。表是：在查询执行之前以声明方式和填充方式定义，或者在查询执行期间按需动态和异步地填充表。基于最初针对远程DBMS发出的用户输入查询和本地数据库高速缓存中的表之间的参考高速缓存约束，确定包括本地，远程和探测查询部分的Janus查询计划。执行Janus查询计划的探查查询部分以确定是否可以通过对本地数据库高速缓存执行本地查询部分来传递最新结果，或者是否需要通过以下方式从远程数据库检索结果：执行Janus查询计划的远程查询部分。

24. 发明申请

US20080177722A1 SYSTEM, METHOD, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR PROGRESSIVE QUERY PROCESSING 失效
标题翻译：系统，方法和计算机程序产品进行查询处理
公开(公告)号：US20080177722A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-24
申请号：US11940185
申请日：2007-11-14
申请人： Guy Maring Lohman , Marki Volker , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Vijayshankar Raman , David Everett Simmen
发明人： Guy Maring Lohman , Marki Volker , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Vijayshankar Raman , David Everett Simmen
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30979 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99935
摘要： A method, system, and computer program product to make query processing more robust in the face of optimization errors. The invention validates the statistics and assumptions used for compiling a query as the query is executed and, when necessary, progressively re-optimizes the query in mid-execution based on the knowledge learned during its partial execution. The invention selectively places a number of CHECK operators in a query execution plan to validate the optimizer's cardinality estimates against actual cardinalities. Errors beyond a threshold trigger re-optimization, and the optimizer decides whether the old plan is still optimal and whether to re-use previously computed results. The invention addresses arbitrary SQL queries whose plans can contain sub-queries, updates, trigger checking, and view maintenance operations. The invention can handle concurrent update transactions or updates of common sub-expressions in a query execution plan without compromising consistency and isolation as locking information is tied to the record ID.
摘要翻译：一种方法，系统和计算机程序产品，使查询处理在面对优化错误时更加鲁棒。本发明验证了在执行查询时用于编译查询的统计和假设，并且在必要时，根据在其部分执行期间学到的知识，在中间执行中逐渐重新优化查询。本发明选择性地将多个CHECK运算符放置在查询执行计划中以根据实际基数验证优化器的基数估计。超出阈值的错误触发重新优化，优化器决定旧计划是否仍然最优，以及是否重新使用先前计算的结果。本发明解决任意SQL查询，其计划可以包含子查询，更新，触发器检查和查看维护操作。本发明可以处理查询执行计划中的并发更新事务或公用子表达式的更新，而不会在锁定信息与记录ID相关联的情况下不影响一致性和隔离。

25. 发明授权

US06983291B1 Incremental maintenance of aggregated and join summary tables 有权
标题翻译：聚合和连接汇总表的增量维护
公开(公告)号：US06983291B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US09571554
申请日：2000-05-16
申请人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle
发明人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30489
摘要： A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for incrementally maintaining a summary table derived from a plurality of base tables in a database stored on the computer. A plurality of modifications are applied to the base tables, and the applied modifications are then propagated to the summary table. The propagated modifications include an associated tag column containing a tag value, and the tag value indicates per row of the propagated modifications how many rows are to be added to or deleted from the summary table.
摘要翻译：一种用于在存储在计算机上的数据库中逐步维护从多个基表导出的汇总表的方法，装置和制品。将多个修改应用于基表，然后将所应用的修改传播到汇总表。传播的修改包括包含标签值的关联标签列，并且标签值指示传播的修改的每行将在摘要表中添加或删除多少行。

26. 发明授权

US06581205B1 Intelligent compilation of materialized view maintenance for query processing systems 失效
标题翻译：智能编译查询处理系统的物化视图维护
公开(公告)号：US06581205B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-17
申请号：US09464556
申请日：1999-12-16
申请人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , Ting Yu Leung , Chandrasekaran Mohan , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle
发明人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , Ting Yu Leung , Chandrasekaran Mohan , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Richard Sefton Sidle
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F17/30383 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for maintaining a materialized view derived from at least one base table in a database stored on a computer. An update is performed to the base table in a transaction. Thereafter, the materialized view is accessed to identify affected records therein using at least one mechanism, such as an isolation level or update- and exclusive-locks, to guarantee consistency while avoiding deadlocks with other transactions that modify at least one base table of the materialized view and to improve concurrency with other transactions that are accessing the materialized view when the modification to the base table is applied to the materialized view.
摘要翻译：一种用于在存储在计算机上的数据库中维护从至少一个基表导出的物化视图的方法，装置和制品。在事务中对基表执行更新。此后，访问物化视图以使用至少一种机制（例如隔离级别或更新和排他锁定）来确定其中的受影响的记录，以保证一致性，同时避免与修改实例化的至少一个基表的其他事务的死锁查看并改进与基础表的修改应用于实例化视图时访问物化视图的其他事务的并发性。

27. 发明授权

US06532470B1 Support for summary tables in a database system that does not otherwise support summary tables 有权
标题翻译：支持不支持汇总表的数据库系统中的汇总表
公开(公告)号：US06532470B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US09466861
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , James C. Kleewein , Ting Yu Leung , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Narayana Subramanina , Shivkumar Venkataraman
发明人： Roberta Jo Cochrane , James C. Kleewein , Ting Yu Leung , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Narayana Subramanina , Shivkumar Venkataraman
IPC分类号： G06F700
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A system, method, and article of manufacture for supporting summary tables in a database system that does not otherwise support summary tables is disclosed. The system generally comprises a central program and one or more database systems that may be heterogeneous. At least one of the database systems does not support the generation, maintenance, and/or querying of summary tables. The central program is configured to communicate with the database systems and to identify relations corresponding to summary tables (also referred to as materialized views) within one or more of the database systems. The central program may initiate the generation of summary tables, which may be populated local to the central program or local to one or more of the database systems. The central program may also maintain or coordinate maintenance of the summary tables. In addition, the central program is preferably configured to receive user queries on one or more of the database systems and to generate optimized query plans based upon the user queries, considering in so doing, the contents of the summary tables.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于支持不另外支持汇总表的数据库系统中的汇总表的系统，方法和制品。系统通常包括中央程序和可以是异构的一个或多个数据库系统。至少有一个数据库系统不支持汇总表的生成，维护和/或查询。中央程序被配置为与数据库系统通信并且在一个或多个数据库系统内识别对应于汇总表（也称为物化视图）的关系。中央程序可以启动汇总表的生成，其可以在中央程序本地填充或本地地填充到一个或多个数据库系统。中央程序还可以维护或协调汇总表的维护。此外，中央程序优选地被配置为在一个或多个数据库系统上接收用户查询，并且基于用户查询生成优化的查询计划，在这样做时考虑到汇总表的内容。

28. 发明授权

US06421658B1 Efficient implementation of typed view hierarchies for ORDBMS 有权
标题翻译：有效实现ORDBMS的类型化视图层次结构
公开(公告)号：US06421658B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-16
申请号：US09365590
申请日：1999-07-30
申请人： Michael J. Carey , George Lapis , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Serge P. Rielau , Bennet Vance
发明人： Michael J. Carey , George Lapis , Mir Hamid Pirahesh , Serge P. Rielau , Bennet Vance
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30595 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A method for typed view hierarchies for an object-relational database management (OPDBMS). The views in the hierarchy are merged into a unified hierarchy view through case expressions for mapping and wrapping of overloaded columns. During the merge, the underlying logical tables are eliminated which results in a simplified query graph. The transformation is a non-loss operation which condenses the type information within the case expressions. This allows update, delete and insert operations to be resolved on the query graph on a local level. Using query rewrite rules, the case expressions may be simplified further.
摘要翻译：用于对象关系数据库管理（OPDBMS）的类型化视图层次结构的方法。层次结构中的视图通过用于映射和包装重载列的案例表达式合并到统一层次结构视图中。在合并期间，消除了基础逻辑表，从而产生简化的查询图。该转换是一种非损失操作，它将表达式中的类型信息进行聚合。这允许在本地级别的查询图上解决更新，删除和插入操作。使用查询重写规则，可以进一步简化案例表达。

29. 发明授权

US06339770B1 Query simplification and optimization involving eliminating grouping column from group by operation corresponds to group by item that is constant 有权
标题翻译：查询简化和优化包括从组中删除分组列对应于常量的逐个项目
公开(公告)号：US06339770B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-15
申请号：US09373924
申请日：1999-08-12
申请人： Ting Yu Leung , Mir Hamid Pirahesh
发明人： Ting Yu Leung , Mir Hamid Pirahesh
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30454 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99937 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for simplifying and optimizing queries involving GROUP BY operations, when GROUP BY items involve constants and when there are “false” predicates in SELECT-HAVING clauses.
摘要翻译：当GROUP BY项目涉及常量，以及SELECT-HAVING子句中有“false”谓词时，简化和优化涉及GROUP BY操作的查询的方法，设备和制造。

30. 发明授权

US6085189A Database system and method for supporting current of cursor updates and deletes from a select query from one or more updatable tables in single node and MPP environments 有权
标题翻译：用于支持单节点和MPP环境中一个或多个可更新表的选择查询中游标更新和删除的数据库系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6085189A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US304024
申请日：1999-05-03
申请人： Mir Hamid Pirahesh , David E. Simmen , Tuong Chanh Truong
发明人： Mir Hamid Pirahesh , David E. Simmen , Tuong Chanh Truong
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/3041 , G06F17/30365 , G06F17/30424 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99935
摘要： A database system and method provide support for a positioned data set modification operation on a collection of data sets involved in a data set query operation, in which the data set modification operation is based on the position of a query execution iterator. At query compile time, the database system generates an iterator position retrieval function and a data set modification function for each data set involved in the query operation. At query execution time, the database system invokes each of the iterator retrieval functions until the iterator position retrieval function for a current open data set returns the current the position of the query execution iterator on that data set. The database system then invokes each of the data set modification functions until the data set modification function for the current open data set performs a data set modification operation at the current position of the query execution iterator specified by the iterator position retrieval function. The system and method may be implemented on single node systems and on multi-node shared-nothing parallelism architectures.
摘要翻译：数据库系统和方法提供了对数据集查询操作中涉及的数据集合的定位数据集修改操作的支持，其中数据集修改操作基于查询执行迭代器的位置。在查询编译时，数据库系统为查询操作中涉及的每个数据集生成迭代器位置检索功能和数据集修改功能。在查询执行时，数据库系统调用每个迭代器检索函数，直到当前打开的数据集的迭代器位置检索函数返回当前查询执行迭代器在该数据集上的位置。数据库系统然后调用每个数据集修改功能，直到当前打开的数据集的数据集修改功能在迭代器位置检索功能指定的查询执行迭代器的当前位置执行数据集修改操作。系统和方法可以在单节点系统和多节点无共享平行架构上实现。

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