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21. 发明授权

US5433857A Convective electrohydrodynamic fluid membranes 失效
标题翻译：对流电动力学流体膜
公开(公告)号：US5433857A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-18
申请号：US963480
申请日：1992-10-16
申请人： Richard D. Noble , Noel A. Clark
发明人： Richard D. Noble , Noel A. Clark
IPC分类号： B01D53/32 , B01D61/38
CPC分类号： B01D61/38 , B01D53/326
摘要： A fluid membrane is described, termed the electroconvective liquid crystal membrane (ECLCM), comprised of a sandwich-like configuration in which a fluid layer is contained within a structure. The structure containing the fluid layer separates distinct regions having different concentrations of one or more diffusant species and is capable of being accessed by the diffusant species. The fluid layer is comprised of any fluid in which an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow can be induced, including liquid crystals and liquid crystal-like fluids. The ECLCM includes means for applying an electric field to the fluid layer such that an EHD flow is induced within the fluid layer. The EHD flow alters the passage of the diffusant species across the ECLCM. The fluid layer may be modified by the addition of other components which act as carriers to the passage of selected diffusants. These additional components move in the EHD flow and can be chemically bonded to the fluid layer, added as dopants into the fluid layer, or may be separate solid or liquid phases of other materials not soluble in the fluid layer. The membrane of the present invention can function in an electrochemically modulated complexation (EMC) process wherein a complexing agent is added to the fluid layer and electrolyzed to high and low affinity redox states for separation of different molecular species. The present invention includes a method for separating and purifying molecules.
摘要翻译：描述了称为电对流液晶膜（ECLCM）的流体膜，其包括其中流体层包含在结构内的夹心状构造。包含流体层的结构分离具有不同浓度的一种或多种扩散物质的不同区域，并且能够被扩散物质接近。流体层由其中可以诱导电动力学（EHD）流的任何流体组成，包括液晶和液晶状流体。 ECLCM包括用于向流体层施加电场的装置，使得在流体层内诱导EHD流动。 EHD流量改变扩散物种通过ECLCM。流体层可以通过添加作为载体的其它成分而被修饰，以使所选择的扩散剂通过。这些附加组件在EHD流中移动并且可化学键合到流体层，作为掺杂剂添加到流体层中，或者可以是不溶于流体层的其它材料的分离的固体或液相。本发明的膜可以在电化学调制的络合（EMC）方法中起作用，其中将络合剂加入到流体层中并电解成用于分离不同分子种类的高和低亲和性氧化还原状态。本发明包括分离和分离分子的方法。

22. 再颁专利

USRE34950E Surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal devices with means for aligning LC molecules at .OMEGA.(.alpha.) from normal to the means 失效
公开(公告)号：USRE34950E
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US266891
申请日：1994-07-05
申请人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
发明人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
IPC分类号： C09K19/02 , G02F1/1337 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/141 , C09K19/0225 , G02F2001/133761
摘要： A liquid crystal device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal disposed between plates treated to enforce a particular ferroelectric molecular orientation to the plates. The devices employ alone or in combianiton non-planar boundary conditions, polar boundary conditions, boundaries with multiple physical states, intrinsic spontaneous splay distortion of the polarization orientation field, combined ferroelectric and dielectric torques, layers tilted with respect to the plates. The plates are spaced by a distance sufficiently small to ensure unwinding of the helix typical in a bulk of the material to form either monostable, bistable or multistable states which exhibit novel electro-optic properties. The liquid crystal is repsonsive to an externally applied electric field, temperature or the like to make a light valve or other electro0optical device.

23. 再颁专利

USRE34942E Surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal devices with means for aligning LC molecules at .OMEGA.(.alpha.) from normal to the means 失效
标题翻译：表面稳定的铁电液晶装置，具有用于对准从正常到手段的OMEGA（α）的LC分子的装置
公开(公告)号：USRE34942E
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US266873
申请日：1994-07-05
申请人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
发明人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
IPC分类号： C09K19/02 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/13 , B05D5/06 , B05D5/12 , G02F1/1337
CPC分类号： C09K19/0225 , C09K19/02 , G02F1/141
摘要： A liquid crystal device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal disposed between plates treated to enforce a particular ferroelectric molecular orientation to the plates. The devices employ alone or in combination non-planar boundary conditions, polar boundary conditions, boundaries with multiple physical states, intrinsic spontaneous splay distortion of the polarization orientation field, combined ferroelectric and dielectric torques, layers tilted with respect to the plates. The plates are spaced by a distance sufficiently small to ensure unwinding of the helix typical in a bulk of the material to fore either monostable, bistable or multistable states which exhibit novel electro-optic properties. The liquid crystal is responsive to an externally applied electric field, temperature or the like to make a light valve or other electro-optical device.

24. 发明授权

US4958916A Surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal devices 失效
标题翻译：表面稳定铁电液晶装置
公开(公告)号：US4958916A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-25
申请号：US318762
申请日：1989-03-03
申请人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
发明人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
IPC分类号： C09K19/02 , G02F1/141
CPC分类号： C09K19/02 , C09K19/0225 , G02F1/141
摘要： A liquid crystal device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal disposed between plates treated to enforce a particular ferroelectric molecular orientation to the plates. The devices employ alone or in combination non-planar boundary conditions, polar boundary conditions, boundaries with multiple physical states, intrinsic spontaneous splay distortion of the polarization orientation field, combined ferroelectric and dielectric torques, layers tilted with respect to the plates. The plates are spaced by a distance sufficiently small to ensure unwinding of the helix typical in a bulk of the material to form either monostable, bistable or multistable states which exhibit novel electro-optic properties. The liquid crystal is responsive to an externally applied electric field, temperature or the like to make a light valve or other electro-optical device.
摘要翻译：一种液晶显示装置，其特征在于，具有强电介质液晶，该铁电体液晶设置在对板进行特定的强电介质分子取向的处理。器件采用单独或组合的非平面边界条件，极化边界条件，具有多个物理状态的边界，偏振取向场的固有自发显示失真，组合的铁电和介电转矩，相对于板倾斜的层。板间隔足够小的距离，以确保在大部分材料中典型的螺旋的展开，以形成显示出新颖的电光性质的单稳态，双稳态或多态。液晶响应于外部施加的电场，温度等来制成光阀或其他电光装置。

25. 发明授权

US4813767A Surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal devices 失效
公开(公告)号：US4813767A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US88482
申请日：1987-08-19
申请人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
发明人： Noel A. Clark , Sven T. Lagerwall
IPC分类号： C09K19/02 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/137
CPC分类号： C09K19/0225 , C09K19/02 , G02F1/141
摘要： A liquid crystal device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal disposed between plates treated to enforce a particular ferroelectric molecular orientation to the plates. The devices employ alone or in combination non-planar boundary conditions, polar boundary conditions, boundaries with multiple physical states, intrinsic spontaneous splay distortion of the polarization orientation field, combined ferroelectric and dielectric torques, layers tilted with respect to the plates. The plates are spaced by a distance sufficiently small to ensure unwinding of the helix typical in a bulk of the material to form either monostable, bistable or multistable states which exhibit novel electro-optic properties. The liquid crystal is responsive to an externally applied electric field, temperature or the like to make a light valve or other electro-optical device.

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