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21. 发明授权

US06718772B2 Method of thermal NOx reduction in catalytic combustion systems 失效
标题翻译：催化燃烧系统中热还原NOx的方法
公开(公告)号：US06718772B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-13
申请号：US10040208
申请日：2001-10-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Marco A. Velasco , David K. Yee , Sarento G. Nickolas
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Marco A. Velasco , David K. Yee , Sarento G. Nickolas
IPC分类号： F02C722
CPC分类号： F23R3/40
摘要： Methods and apparatus, both devices and systems, for control of Zeldovich (thermal) NOx production in catalytic combustion systems during combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels in the post catalytic sections of gas turbines by reducing combustion residence time in the HC zone through control of the HC Wave, principally by adjusting the catalyst inlet temperature. As the fuel/air mixture inlet temperature (to the catalyst) is reduced, the HC Wave moves downstream (longer ignition delay time), shortens the residence time at high temperature, thereby reducing thermal NOx production. The countervailing increase in CO production by longer ignition delay times can be limited by selectively locating the HC Wave so that thermal NOx is reduced while power output and low CO production is maintained. NOx is reduced to on the order of
摘要翻译：用于控制在燃气涡轮机的后催化部分中燃烧液体或气体燃料期间的催化燃烧系统中的Zeldovich（热）NOx生成的方法和装置，通过控制HC区域中的燃烧停留时间来减少 HC Wave主要通过调节催化剂入口温度。随着燃料/空气混合物入口温度（催化剂）减少，HC波向下游移动（点火延迟时间较长），缩短了高温下的停留时间，从而降低了NOx的产生。通过选择性地定位HC波，可以限制由较长的点火延迟时间产生的CO生产的反补贴增加，使得在输出功率和低CO生产时保持热NOx。当CO保持在<100ppm，典型地<50ppm，优选<5-10PPM时，NOx降低到大约<3ppm，优选<2ppm。

22. 发明授权

US6116014A Support structure for a catalyst in a combustion reaction chamber 失效
标题翻译：燃烧反应室中催化剂的支撑结构
公开(公告)号：US6116014A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-12
申请号：US462639
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , James C. Schlatter , Martin Bernard Cutrone , Kenneth Winston Beebe
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , James C. Schlatter , Martin Bernard Cutrone , Kenneth Winston Beebe
IPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23R3/40 , F02C3/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23R3/40 , F23D2203/104 , F23D2203/106 , F23D2203/107
摘要： A support structure for securing a catalyst structure comprising a multiplicity of longitudinally disposed channels for passage of a flowing gas mixture within a reactor, said support structure being comprised of a monolithic open celled or honeycomb-like structure formed by thin strips or ribs of high temperature resistant metal or ceramic which abuts against one end of the catalyst structure, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the catalyst structure to essentially cover an end face (at either the inlet end or outlet end or both) of the catalyst structure with the support structure being secured on its periphery to the reactor wall. The strips or ribs making up the support structure are bonded together to form a unitary structure having cellular openings at least as large as the catalyst structure channel openings. The cellular openings in the support structure are also positioned to be in fluid communication with the channels of the catalyst structure thus affording essentially unaltered gas flow from the catalyst structure through the support structure.
摘要翻译：一种用于固定催化剂结构的支撑结构，其包括多个纵向设置的通道，用于使反应器内的流动气体混合物通过，所述支撑结构包括由高温的薄带或肋形成的整体开式或蜂窝状结构抵抗催化剂结构的一端的电阻金属或陶瓷，并且沿与催化剂结构的纵向轴线垂直的方向延伸，以基本上覆盖催化剂结构的端面（入口端或出口端或两端）其支撑结构在其周边固定到反应器壁上。构成支撑结构的条带或肋条结合在一起，以形成具有至少与催化剂结构通道开口一样大的泡孔的整体结构。支撑结构中的细胞开口还被定位成与催化剂结构的通道流体连通，从而从催化剂结构通过支撑结构提供基本上不变的气体流。

23. 发明授权

US5338515A SO.sub.2 sensor 失效
标题翻译： SO2传感器
公开(公告)号：US5338515A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US569066
申请日：1990-08-17
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , David R. Sheridan
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , David R. Sheridan
IPC分类号： G01N25/32 , G01N25/36 , G01N31/00 , G01N31/10 , G01N33/00 , G01N25/20
CPC分类号： G01N31/005 , G01N25/32 , G01N25/36 , G01N33/0013 , G01N33/0042 , Y10T436/18 , Y10T436/186 , Y10T436/188
摘要： This invention is a process for detecting low concentration levels of sulfur oxides (SO.sub.2) in a flowing gas stream (typically a combustion exhaust gas stream) and a catalytic SO.sub.2 sensor system which may be used in that process.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于检测流动气流（通常为燃烧废气流）中的硫氧化物（SO 2）的低浓度水平和可在该过程中使用的催化SO 2传感器系统的方法。

24. 发明授权

US5326253A Partial combustion process and a catalyst structure for use in the process 失效
标题翻译：部分燃烧过程和用于该过程的催化剂结构
公开(公告)号：US5326253A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US617975
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/02 , F23D21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8628 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/0225
摘要： This invention is both a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using specific catalysts and catalytic structures and also a catalyst structure for use in the process. The choice of catalysts and supports solves problems in the art dealing with the stability of the overall catalyst structure and ease of catalyst operation. The catalyst structure is stable due to its comparatively low operating temperature, has a low temperature at which catalytic combustion begins, and yet is not susceptible to temperature "runaway". The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process typically is below the autocombustive temperature for the gas mixture; the gas may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for ultimate use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明既是部分燃烧过程，其中使用特定的催化剂和催化结构将燃料部分燃烧，也是用于该方法的催化剂结构。催化剂和载体的选择解决了现有技术中处理整个催化剂结构的稳定性和易于催化剂操作的问题。催化剂结构由于其相对低的操作温度是稳定的，催化燃烧开始的温度低，而且不易受温度“失控”的影响。由催化过程产生的燃烧气体通常低于气体混合物的自燃温度; 可以在该温度下使用气体，或者将其供给到燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等中最终使用的其它燃烧级。

25. 发明授权

US4355056A Method of manufacturing a combustibles sensor 失效
标题翻译：制造可燃物传感器的方法
公开(公告)号：US4355056A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US249308
申请日：1981-03-31
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Sharon L. Zimmerlin
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Sharon L. Zimmerlin
IPC分类号： G01N27/12 , G01N25/32 , G01N27/16 , G08B17/10 , G08B17/117 , G08B21/00 , G08B21/16 , G01N31/12 , B05D5/12 , H01L7/00
CPC分类号： G01N25/32
摘要： A method of manufacturing a differential thermocouple combustibles sensor is disclosed which makes the sensor relatively insensitive to sulfur poisoning. To accomplish this the catalytic thermocouple junction of a catalytic-non-catalytic junction pair is formed by coating it with a gel to increase the surface area and then with a chloroplatinic acid solution to make it catalytic. The catalytic junction is then treated with H.sub.2 S to achieve a high catalyst surface area.
摘要翻译：公开了制造差示热电偶可燃物传感器的方法，其使传感器对硫中毒相对不敏感。为了实现这一点，催化非催化接头对的催化热电偶接头通过用凝胶涂覆形成，以增加表面积，然后用氯铂酸溶液进行催化。然后用H 2 S处理催化结，实现高催化剂表面积。

26. 发明申请

US20100263832A1 Thermochemical Energy Storage System 审中-公开
标题翻译：热化学储能系统
公开(公告)号：US20100263832A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-21
申请号：US12424545
申请日：2009-04-16
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta
IPC分类号： F28D15/00
CPC分类号： F28D20/003 , F01K3/12 , F01K3/188 , F22B3/02 , Y02E60/142
摘要： A system is described for the thermochemical capture of heat energy and the transfer of this energy to a point of use using a cycle decomposing SO3 to SO2 and O2 and the subsequent oxidation of SO2 and O2 to SO3. This system can store this energy in the form of chemical energy by storing liquid SO2. Embodiments are described wherein oxygen is stored by a solid oxygen storage material or removed and added to the process by selective membranes or by electrochemical pumping. In addition, an alternative embodiment uses an electrochemical generator for the direct conversion of SO2 to electrical energy.
摘要翻译：描述了一种系统，用于热化学捕获热能并将该能量转移到使用点，使用循环将SO 3分解成SO 2和O 2，随后SO 2和O 2氧化成SO 3。该系统可以通过储存液体SO2以化学能的形式存储这种能量。描述的实施方案是其中氧被固体储气材料储存或除去并通过选择性膜或通过电化学泵送加入到该方法中。此外，替代实施例使用电化学发生器来将SO 2直接转换成电能。

27. 发明授权

US07727419B2 Reformer and reforming process for production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuel 有权
标题翻译：从碳氢燃料生产氢气的改造和改造过程
公开(公告)号：US07727419B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-01
申请号：US11473953
申请日：2006-06-22
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Jacques F. Nicole
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Jacques F. Nicole
IPC分类号： C07C1/02 , C01B3/24 , C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/386 , B01J12/007 , B01J15/005 , B01J19/248 , B01J19/2485 , B01J19/249 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/63 , B01J37/0036 , B01J37/0207 , B01J37/0215 , B01J37/0248 , B01J2219/0009 , B01J2219/00092 , B01J2219/00096 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2454 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2459 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2464 , B01J2219/2465 , B01J2219/2466 , B01J2219/2474 , B01J2219/2475 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2485 , B01J2219/2487 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/505 , C01B32/40 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/1604 , Y02P20/52
摘要： The invention provides methods and systems for catalytic reforming of a hydrocarbon fuel to produce hydrogen, which may be used as a power source for a fuel cell. In some embodiments, hydrogen is produced by partial oxidation or autothermal reforming of fuel in an oxygen containing gas stream that is rich the majority of the time, with periodic conversion to a lean gas stream for short periods of time to maintain catalytic activity. In one embodiment, hydrogen peroxide is used as the oxidant in an autothermal reforming process. In some embodiments, hydrogen is produced by steam reforming at a low steam to carbon ratio, with a periodic increase in the steam to carbon ratio for short periods of time to maintain catalytic activity.
摘要翻译：本发明提供用于烃燃料的催化重整以产生氢的方法和系统，其可以用作燃料电池的动力源。在一些实施方案中，通过在富含大部分时间的含氧气体流中部分氧化或自热重整燃料来产生氢气，同时周期性地转化为贫气流短时间以维持催化活性。在一个实施方案中，在自热重整过程中使用过氧化氢作为氧化剂。在一些实施方案中，通过以低蒸汽/碳比率的蒸汽重整制备氢气，其中短时间内蒸汽/碳比率的周期性增加以维持催化活性。

28. 发明授权

US06595003B2 Process and apparatus for control of NOx in catalytic combustion systems 失效
标题翻译：用于控制催化燃烧系统中NOx的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06595003B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-22
申请号：US09944094
申请日：2001-08-31
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Sarento G. Nickolas , Timothy J. Caron , Jon G. McCarty , Mark J. Spencer , Robert A. Corr, II
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Sarento G. Nickolas , Timothy J. Caron , Jon G. McCarty , Mark J. Spencer , Robert A. Corr, II
IPC分类号： F02C700
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F01K21/047 , F23D14/68 , F23L7/002 , F23L2900/07008 , F23L2900/07009 , F23R3/40
摘要： Methods and apparatus for control of NOx in catalytic combustion systems, and more particularly to control of thermal or/and prompt NOx produced during combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels in the combustor sections of catalytic combustor-type gas turbines, by controlled injection of water in liquid or vapor form at selected locations, orientations, amounts, rates, temperatures, phases, forms and manners in the compressor and combustor sections of gas turbines. The ratio of thermal NOx ppm reduction to water addition, in weight %, is on the order of 4-20, with % NOx reduction on the order of up to about 50-80% and NOx of below 2 ppm. Liquid water, steam or superheated steam can be used to reduce NOx in combustion systems operating at reaction zone temperatures above 900° C., preferably 1400° C. to 1700° C. The amount of water added is sufficient to provide a concentration of water in the range of from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the total air and fuel mixture flowing into the post catalyst reaction zone. Water is introduced simultaneously or sequentially in a plurality of locations, at selected rates, amounts, temperatures, forms, and purity, preferably in accord with a suitable control algorithm.
摘要翻译：用于控制催化燃烧系统中的NOx的方法和装置，更具体地说，涉及在催化燃烧式燃气轮机的燃烧器部分中的液体或气体燃料的燃烧期间产生的热或/和及时的NOx的控制，在燃气轮机的压缩机和燃烧器部分中的选定位置，取向，量，速率，温度，相位，形式和方式下形成液体或蒸气。热NOx ppm减少与水添加量的比例（重量％）约为4-20，其中NOx降低约高达约50-80％，NOx低于2ppm。液态水，蒸汽或过热蒸汽可用于在高于900℃，优选1400℃至1700℃的反应区温度下操作的燃烧系统中的NOx减少。加入的水量足以提供水的浓度在流入后催化剂反应区的总空气和燃料混合物的约0.1重量％至约20重量％的范围内。优选地根据合适的控制算法，水以选定的速率，量，温度，形式和纯度同时或顺序地引入多个位置。

29. 发明授权

US5425632A Process for burning combustible mixtures 失效
标题翻译：燃烧可燃混合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5425632A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-20
申请号：US88614
申请日：1993-07-06
申请人： Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Ralph A. Dalla Betta
发明人： Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Ralph A. Dalla Betta
IPC分类号： F23C6/04 , F23C13/00 , F23D21/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/13002
摘要： This invention is a process for catalytically burning a combustible mixture of a fuel and an oxygen-containing gas. In particular, the invention is a process for producing a combustion gas at a selected temperature, preferably between 1050.degree. C. and 1700.degree. C., by introducing all of the fuel necessary to attain that temperature to a combustion catalyst, partially combusting the combustible within the combustion catalyst, and homogeneously combusting the remainder of the fuel outside the catalyst. By controlling the temperature within the catalyst, deterioration of that catalyst is prevented.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于催化燃烧燃料和含氧气体的可燃混合物的方法。特别地，本发明是一种在选定的温度，优选在1050℃至1700℃之间生产燃烧气体的方法，通过将达到该温度所需的所有燃料引入燃烧催化剂，将燃烧气体部分燃烧在燃烧催化剂内部，并且使剩余的燃料均匀地燃烧在催化剂外部。通过控制催化剂内的温度，可以防止催化剂的劣化。

30. 发明授权

US5308457A Self-contained system for controlling gaseous emissions from dilute organic sources and a process for using that system 失效
标题翻译：用于控制来自稀有机源的气体排放的独立系统和使用该系统的过程
公开(公告)号：US5308457A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US681869
申请日：1991-04-05
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , James C. Schlatter , David R. Lane , Diana O. Durieux
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , James C. Schlatter , David R. Lane , Diana O. Durieux
IPC分类号： B01D53/04 , B01D53/86 , C25F5/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/0454 , B01D53/8668
摘要： This invention is a device and a process for controlling the emission of volatile organic components. The invention is useful on gaseous or vapor-containing streams containing a minor amount of organic material, particularly on fairly dilute streams or those containing only a few parts per million of the organic material. The device is useful in adsorbing organics as might be found emanating from paint spray booths, restaurants, print shops, dry cleaners, furniture manufacturers, and bakeries.The device may be two-stage including an adsorber and a catalytic oxidation reactor or may be of such a configuration that the same bed is used both as the adsorber and catalytic oxidation reactor. In the former configuration, a first stage contains an electrically conductive adsorbent bed, potentially comprising an adsorbent placed on a conductive support of fibers, foil, or other structure. The adsorbent removes the organic from the gaseous stream as that stream passes through. When the adsorbent is loaded with volatile organic, a voltage is applied to the conductive support and the adsorbed organic material is desorbed. The stream containing the desorbed organic is passed through a catalyst bed where a catalyst (which may also be on a conductive support) oxidizes the volatile organic to a harmless material which may (perhaps after other treatment) be emitted to the atmosphere.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于控制挥发性有机组分的排放的装置和方法。本发明可用于含有少量有机材料的气态或含蒸汽流，特别是在相当稀释的物流上或仅含有少量百万分之有机材料的物流中。该装置可用于吸附有机物，如从喷漆室，餐馆，印刷厂，干洗店，家具制造商和面包店那里可能发现的。该装置可以是包括吸附器和催化氧化反应器的两级，或者可以具有这样的结构：使用同一床作为吸附剂和催化氧化反应器。在前一种构造中，第一阶段包含导电吸附剂床，潜在地包括放置在纤维，箔或其它结构的导电载体上的吸附剂。该吸附剂从气流通过时从气流中除去有机物。当吸附剂装载有挥发性有机物时，向导电载体施加电压，吸附的有机材料被解吸。含有解吸有机物质的物流通过催化剂床，其中催化剂（其也可以在导电载体上）将挥发性有机物氧化成无害材料，其可能（可能在其它处理之后）被排放到大气中。

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