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21. 发明授权

US06182091B2 Method and apparatus for finding related documents in a collection of linked documents using a bibliographic coupling link analysis 有权
标题翻译：使用书目耦合链接分析在链接文档的集合中查找相关文档的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06182091B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09407789
申请日：1999-09-29
申请人： James E. Pitkow , Peter L. Pirolli
发明人： James E. Pitkow , Peter L. Pirolli
IPC分类号： G06F1721
CPC分类号： G06F17/3061 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method and apparatus for identifying related documents in a collection of linked documents. In the method the link structure of documents to other documents are analyzed. By analyzing only the link structure, a process intensive content analysis of the documents is avoided. A citation analysis technique, such as bibliographic coupling analysis, is performed on the set of documents to extract link information. For bibliographic coupling analysis that information would include the number of other documents that a given pair of documents link to. By using the link information, related documents are identified using a suitable analysis technique, such as clustering or spreading activation.
摘要翻译：一种用于在链接文档的集合中识别相关文档的方法和装置。在该方法中，分析了文件与其他文档的链接结构。通过仅分析链接结构，避免了文档的过程密集内容分析。对文献集执行引文分析技术，如书目耦合分析，以提取链接信息。对于书目耦合分析，信息将包括给定的一对文档链接到的其他文档的数量。通过使用链接信息，使用合适的分析技术（例如聚类或扩展激活）来识别相关文档。

22. 发明授权

US6151595A Methods for interactive visualization of spreading activation using time tubes and disk trees 失效
公开(公告)号：US6151595A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-21
申请号：US062540
申请日：1998-04-17
申请人： Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Stuart K. Card , Jock D. Mackinlay , Rich Gossweller
发明人： Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Stuart K. Card , Jock D. Mackinlay , Rich Gossweller
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30882 , G06F17/30014 , G06F17/30855 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： Methods for displaying results of a spreading activation algorithm and for defining an activation input vector for the spreading activation algorithm are disclosed. A planar disk tree is used to represent the generalized graph structure being modeled in a spreading activation algorithm. Activation bars on some or all nodes of the planar disk tree in the dimension perpendicular to the disk tree encode the final activation level resulting at the end of N iterations of the spreading activation algorithm. The number of nodes for which activation bars are displayed may be a predetermined number, a predetermine fraction of all nodes, or a determined by a predetermined activation level threshold. The final activation levels resulting from activation spread through more than one flow network corresponding to the same generalized graph are displayed as color encoded segments on the activation bars. Content, usage, topology, or recommendation flow networks may be used for spreading activation. The difference between spreading activation through different flow networks corresponding to the same generalized graph may be displayed by subtracting the resulting activation patterns from each network and displaying the difference. The spreading activation input vector is determined by continually measuring the dwell time that the user's cursor spends on a displayed node. Activation vectors at various intermediate steps of the N-step spreading activation algorithm are color encoded onto nodes of disk trees within time tubes. The activation input vector and the activation vectors resulting from all N steps are displayed in a time tube having N+1 planar disk trees. Alternatively, a periodic subset of all N activation vectors are displayed, or a subset showing planar disk trees representing large changes in activation levels or phase shifts are displayed while planar disk trees representing smaller changes in activation levels are not displayed.

23. 发明授权

US5895470A System for categorizing documents in a linked collection of documents 失效
标题翻译：用于对文档的链接集合中的文档进行分类的系统
公开(公告)号：US5895470A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US842926
申请日：1997-04-09
申请人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ramana B. Rao
发明人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ramana B. Rao
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/3069 , G06F17/30705 , G06F17/30864 , G06F17/30873 , Y10S707/917 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99942 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system for extracting and analyzing information from a collection of linked documents at a locality to enable categorization of documents and prediction of documents relevant to a focus document. The system obtains and analyzes topology, usage and path information from for a collection at a locality, e.g. a web locality on the world wide web. For categorization, document meta information is represented as document vectors. Predefined criteria is applied to the document vectors to create lists of "similar" types of documents. For relevance prediction, networks representing topology, usage path and text similarity amongst the documents in the collection are created. A spreading activation technique is applied to the networks starting at a focus document to predict the documents relevant to the focus document. Using category and relevance prediction information, tools can be built to enable a user to more efficiently traverse through the collection of linked documents.
摘要翻译：一种用于从一个地点的链接文档集合中提取和分析信息的系统，以便对文档进行分类和与焦点文档相关的文档的预测。该系统从一个地点的集合中获取和分析拓扑，使用和路径信息，例如。万维网上的网站。对于分类，文档元信息被表示为文档向量。将预定义的标准应用于文档向量以创建“类似”类型的文档的列表。对于相关性预测，创建代表集合中的文档之间的拓扑，使用路径和文本相似性的网络。传播激活技术应用于从焦点文档开始的网络，以预测与焦点文档相关的文档。使用类别和相关性预测信息，可以构建工具以使用户能够更有效地遍历链接文档的集合。

24. 发明授权

US07043702B2 Method for visualizing user path through a web site and a path's associated information scent 失效
标题翻译：通过网站可视化用户路径和路径相关信息气味的方法
公开(公告)号：US07043702B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-09
申请号：US09809388
申请日：2001-03-15
申请人： Ed H. Chi , Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow
发明人： Ed H. Chi , Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow
IPC分类号： G06G3/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30873
摘要： A method and system for visualizing actual and predicted usage patterns through a web site is provided. A plurality of web pages may be represented as a node and visualized on a dome tree. The dome tree is a three-dimensional image of a dome, with a portion of the outer wall removed, displayed on a two-dimensional monitor. Paths into and out of each node are displayed using a variety of colors and patterns and information relating to the nodes and paths may also be accessed. By designating a web page as the root node each of the associated pages are laid out within the dome tree radially based on actual usage information. Predicted information for each node is displayed as a bar near the node, thereby assisting a user in understanding the relationship between actual and predicted usage patterns.
摘要翻译：提供了通过网站可视化实际和预测的使用模式的方法和系统。多个网页可以被表示为节点并且在圆顶树上可视化。穹顶是圆顶的三维图像，外壁的一部分被去除，显示在二维监视器上。使用各种颜色显示每个节点的进出路径，并且也可以访问与节点和路径有关的信息。通过指定网页作为根节点，根据实际使用信息，每个相关联的页面都在径向内放置在圆顶树中。每个节点的预测信息在节点附近显示为一个条，从而帮助用户了解实际和预测使用模式之间的关系。

25. 发明授权

US06941321B2 System and method for identifying similarities among objects in a collection 失效
标题翻译：用于识别集合中的对象之间的相似性的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06941321B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-06
申请号：US09421767
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： Hinrich Schuetze , Francine R. Chen , Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Jun Li
发明人： Hinrich Schuetze , Francine R. Chen , Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Jun Li
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/3071 , G06F17/30994 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system and method for browsing, retrieving, and recommending information from a collection uses multi-modal features of the documents in the collection, as well as an analysis of users' prior browsing and retrieval behavior. The system and method are premised on various disclosed methods for quantitatively representing documents in a document collection as vectors in multi-dimensional vector spaces, quantitatively determining similarity between documents, and clustering documents according to those similarities. The system and method also rely on methods for quantitatively representing users in a user population, quantitatively determining similarity between users, clustering users according to those similarities, and visually representing clusters of users by analogy to clusters of documents.
摘要翻译：用于从集合中浏览，检索和推荐信息的系统和方法使用集合中的文档的多模态特征，以及用户先前浏览和检索行为的分析。系统和方法以各种公开的方法为前提，用于定量表示文档集合中的文档，作为多维向量空间中的向量，定量地确定文档之间的相似性，并根据这些相似性对文档进行聚类。系统和方法还依赖于定量表示用户群体中的用户的方法，定量地确定用户之间的相似性，根据这些相似性对用户进行聚类，并且通过类似于文档集合直观地表示用户群。

26. 发明授权

US06922699B2 System and method for quantitatively representing data objects in vector space 有权
标题翻译：用于定量表示向量空间中的数据对象的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06922699B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US09421416
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： Hinrich Schuetze , Francine R. Chen , Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Jun Li , Ullas Gargi
发明人： Hinrich Schuetze , Francine R. Chen , Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ed H. Chi , Jun Li , Ullas Gargi
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30253 , G06F17/3025 , G06F17/30616 , G06F17/3071 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99944 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A system and method for browsing, retrieving, and recommending information from a collection uses multi-modal features of the documents in the collection, as well as an analysis of users' prior browsing and retrieval behavior. The system and method are premised on various disclosed methods for quantitatively representing documents in a document collection as vectors in multi-dimensional vector spaces, quantitatively determining similarity between documents, and clustering documents according to those similarities. The system and method also rely on methods for quantitatively representing users in a user population, quantitatively determining similarity between users, clustering users according to those similarities, and visually representing clusters of users by analogy to clusters of documents.
摘要翻译：用于从集合中浏览，检索和推荐信息的系统和方法使用集合中的文档的多模态特征，以及用户先前浏览和检索行为的分析。系统和方法以各种公开的方法为前提，用于定量表示文档集合中的文档，作为多维向量空间中的向量，定量地确定文档之间的相似性，并根据这些相似性对文档进行聚类。系统和方法还依赖于定量表示用户群体中的用户的方法，定量地确定用户之间的相似性，根据这些相似性对用户进行聚类，并且通过类似于文档集合直观地表示用户群。

27. 发明授权

US06509898B2 Usage based methods of traversing and displaying generalized graph structures 失效
标题翻译：基于使用的遍历和显示广义图结构的方法
公开(公告)号：US06509898B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-21
申请号：US09062341
申请日：1998-04-17
申请人： Ed H. Chi , Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Rich Gossweller , Jock D. Mackinlay , Stuart K. Card
发明人： Ed H. Chi , Peter L. T. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Rich Gossweller , Jock D. Mackinlay , Stuart K. Card
IPC分类号： G06T1120
CPC分类号： G06F17/30882 , G06F17/30014 , G06F17/30855 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： A method for generating a tree structure representation of a generalized graph structure for display includes the more important links in the representation. Usage parameters are referenced in generating the tree structure from the generalized graph structure. Frequency, recency, spacing of accesses, and path information are exemplary types of usage parameters. A breadth-first or depth-first traversal of the graph references usage parameters associated with each node or link. The usage parameters which are associated with each node are referenced in order to determine the visitation order. The visitation order is determined by visiting the highest used nodes or links first. A method of displaying the tree structure references the usage parameters to determine the positioning of the nodes in the layout of the tree structure. In a preferred embodiment, the root node is positioned in the center of the layout. In one example, sibling nodes are spread out on links which emanate radially about their parent. The highest-used sibling nodes can be placed farthest apart from each other so as to achieve optimal separation so that they have the most growth space. The lowest-used nodes are then placed in the remaining space between the high-usage nodes. In another example, sibling nodes are positioned at the same radius from the root node. Each leaf node in the hierarchy is assigned the same amount of angular space. The layout angle of each node is a function of the ranking of the node's usage parameter relative to its siblings. Derived usage parameters such as need probability, cocitation clustering, or functions of both node and link usages can alternatively be referenced.
摘要翻译：用于生成用于显示的广义图形结构的树结构表示的方法包括表示中更重要的链接。从广义图结构生成树结构时引用使用参数。频率，新近度，访问间隔和路径信息是使用参数的示例性类型。图的宽度优先或深度优先遍历引用与每个节点或链接相关联的使用参数。引用与每个节点相关联的使用参数，以确定访问顺序。访问次序通过首先访问最高使用的节点或链接来确定。显示树结构的方法引用使用参数来确定节点在树结构的布局中的定位。在优选实施例中，根节点位于布局的中心。在一个示例中，兄弟节点被散布在围绕其父节点辐射的链接上。最高使用的兄弟节点可以彼此离开最远，以便实现最佳分离，使其具有最大的生长空间。然后将最低使用的节点放置在高使用率节点之间的剩余空间中。在另一个示例中，兄弟节点位于与根节点相同的半径处。层次结构中的每个叶节点被分配相同的角度空间量。每个节点的布局角度是节点的使用参数相对于其兄弟姐妹的排序的函数。替代地可以引用派生的使用参数，例如需求概率，串联聚类或节点和链接使用的功能。

28. 发明授权

US06493702B1 System and method for searching and recommending documents in a collection using share bookmarks 有权
标题翻译：使用共享书签在集合中搜索和推荐文档的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06493702B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09305844
申请日：1999-05-05
申请人： Eytan Adar , Thomas M. Breuel , Todd A. Cass , James E. Pitkow , Hinrich Schuetze
发明人： Eytan Adar , Thomas M. Breuel , Todd A. Cass , James E. Pitkow , Hinrich Schuetze
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30884 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A search and recommendation system employs the preferences and profiles of individual users and groups within a community of users, as well as information derived from shared document bookmarks, to augment Internet searches, re-rank search results, and provide recommendations for documents based on a subject-matter query. The search and recommendation system operates in the context of a shared bookmark manager, which stores individual users' bookmarks (some of which may be published or shared for group use) on a centralized bookmark database connected to the Internet. The shared bookmark manager is implemented as a distributed program, portions of which operate on users' terminals and other portions of which operate on the centralized bookmark database.
摘要翻译：搜索和推荐系统采用用户社区内的个人用户和组的偏好和简档，以及从共享文档书签获得的信息，以增强互联网搜索，重新排列搜索结果，并提供基于主题查询。搜索和推荐系统在共享书签管理器的上下文中操作，该管理器在连接到因特网的集中式书签数据库上存储单个用户的书签（其中一些可以被发布或共享用于群组使用）。共享书签管理器被实现为分布式程序，其中的一部分在用户终端上操作，其他部分在集中式书签数据库上操作。

29. 发明授权

US06272507B1 System for ranking search results from a collection of documents using spreading activation techniques 有权
标题翻译：用于使用扩展激活技术从文档集合中搜索结果排序的系统
公开(公告)号：US06272507B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-07
申请号：US09163595
申请日：1998-09-29
申请人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Bernardo A. Huberman
发明人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Bernardo A. Huberman
IPC分类号： G06F1500
CPC分类号： G06F17/30864 , G06F17/30011 , Y10S707/99935
摘要： A system and method for ranking the results of a search on a collection of linked documents. Documents found on the Web are typically referred to as Web pages. The system utilizes various information relating to the collection of linked documents, including the topology, content and historical usage of the linked collections of documents. The ranking is based on historical patterns and information about the current context of interest (e.g. what the user or group seems to be currently interested in doing). A spreading activation technique is used to identify the frequency of activation of the documents in the search results. Spreading activation techniques are based on representations of Web pages as nodes in graph networks representing usage, content, and hypertext relations among Web pages. After performing the spreading activation based on an initial set defined by the search results, each document from the results may be ranked based on their level of activation.
摘要翻译：一种用于对链接文档集合进行搜索的结果进行排名的系统和方法。在Web上找到的文档通常被称为网页。该系统利用与链接文件的收集有关的各种信息，包括链接的文档集合的拓扑，内容和历史使用。排名是基于历史模式和关于当前感兴趣的上下文的信息（例如用户或组似乎目前感兴趣的）。扩展激活技术用于识别搜索结果中文档的激活频率。扩展激活技术基于网页的表示，作为表示网页中的使用，内容和超文本关系的图形网络中的节点。在基于由搜索结果定义的初始集合执行扩展激活之后，来自结果的每个文档可以基于其激活水平进行排名。

30. 发明授权

US5835905A System for predicting documents relevant to focus documents by spreading activation through network representations of a linked collection of documents 失效
标题翻译：用于通过链接的文档集合的网络表示来传播激活来预测与焦点文档相关的文档的系统
公开(公告)号：US5835905A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US831807
申请日：1997-04-09
申请人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ramana B. Rao
发明人： Peter L. Pirolli , James E. Pitkow , Ramana B. Rao
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30705 , G06F17/30663 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A system for extracting and analyzing information from a collection of linked documents at a locality to enable categorization of documents and prediction of documents relevant to a focus document. The system obtains and analyzes topology, usage and path information from for a collection at a locality, e.g. a web locality on the world wide web. For categorization, document meta information is represented as document vectors. Predefined criteria is applied to the document vectors to create lists of "similar" types of documents. For relevance prediction, networks representing topology, usage path and text similarity amongst the documents in the collection are created. A spreading activation technique is applied to the networks starting at a focus document to predict the documents relevant to the focus document. Using category and relevance prediction information, tools can be built to enable a user to more efficiently traverse through the collection of linked documents.
摘要翻译：一种用于从一个地点的链接文档集合中提取和分析信息的系统，以便对文档进行分类和与焦点文档相关的文档的预测。该系统从一个地点的集合中获取和分析拓扑，使用和路径信息，例如。万维网上的网站。对于分类，文档元信息被表示为文档向量。将预定义的标准应用于文档向量以创建“类似”类型的文档的列表。对于相关性预测，创建代表集合中的文档之间的拓扑，使用路径和文本相似性的网络。传播激活技术应用于从焦点文档开始的网络，以预测与焦点文档相关的文档。使用类别和相关性预测信息，可以构建工具以使用户能够更有效地遍历链接文档的集合。

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