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21. 发明授权

US09479866B2 Microphone array with daisy-chain summation 有权
标题翻译：带菊花链求和的麦克风阵列
公开(公告)号：US09479866B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-25
申请号：US13428496
申请日：2012-03-23
申请人： Robert Adams , David Hossack , Benjamin Vigoda , Eric Nestler , Mira Wilczek
发明人： Robert Adams , David Hossack , Benjamin Vigoda , Eric Nestler , Mira Wilczek
IPC分类号： H04R3/00
CPC分类号： H04R3/005 , H04R2499/13
摘要： Microphone stages in a microphone array may be coupled together in a daisy chain. Each stage may include a microphone, an analog to digital converter, a decimation unit, a receiver, an adder, and a transmitter. The converter may convert analog audio microphone signals into digital codes that may be decimated. The adder may add decimated digital codes in each stage to a cumulative sum of decimated digital codes from prior stages. This new sum may be transmitted to the next microphone stage, where the adder may add the decimated digital codes from that stage to the cumulative sum. A serial interface may be used to connect the transmitters and receivers of each of the stages. The serial interface may be used to transmit the cumulative sum of decimated digital codes between the stages. The serial interface may also be used to transmit configuration data between the stages.
摘要翻译：麦克风阵列中的麦克风级可以以菊花链耦合在一起。每个阶段可以包括麦克风，模数转换器，抽取单元，接收器，加法器和发射器。转换器可将模拟音频麦克风信号转换为可能被抽取的数字代码。加法器可以将每个级中的抽取的数字代码添加到来自前一级的抽取的数字代码的累积和。这个新的和可以传送到下一个麦克风阶段，其中加法器可以将从该阶段抽取的数字代码添加到累积和。可以使用串行接口连接每个级的发射机和接收机。串行接口可以用于在级之间传送抽取的数字代码的累加和。串行接口也可用于在各个级之间传输配置数据。

22. 发明授权

US08344924B2 Analog signal conversion 有权
标题翻译：模拟信号转换
公开(公告)号：US08344924B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-01
申请号：US13095188
申请日：2011-04-27
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda , Jeffrey Bernstein , Alexander Alexeyev , William Bradley , Theophane Weber
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda , Jeffrey Bernstein , Alexander Alexeyev , William Bradley , Theophane Weber
IPC分类号： H03M1/12
CPC分类号： G06J1/00
摘要： An approach to converting an analog value based on a partition of an input range produces probabilities that the input is found within each of the regions based, for example, on a noisy version of the input. In some examples, iterative and/or pipelined application of comparison circuitry is used to accumulate a set of analog representations of the output probabilities. The circuitry can be adapted or configured according to the characteristics of the degradation (e.g., according to the variance of an additive noise) and/or prior information about the distribution of the clean input (e.g., a distribution over a discrete set of exemplar values, uniformly distributed etc.).
摘要翻译：基于输入范围的分区来转换模拟值的方法产生在例如基于输入的噪声版本的情况下在每个区域内发现输入的概率。在一些示例中，使用比较电路的迭代和/或流水线应用来累积输出概率的一组模拟表示。电路可以根据劣化的特性进行调整或配置（例如，根据加性噪声的变化）和/或关于干净输入分布的先前信息（例如，在离散的一组样本值上的分布，均匀分布等）。

23. 发明授权

US06724805B1 Nonlinear dynamic system for spread spectrum code generation and acquisition 有权
标题翻译：用于扩频码生成和采集的非线性动态系统
公开(公告)号：US06724805B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US09713644
申请日：2000-11-15
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda
IPC分类号： H04B169
CPC分类号： H04B1/7075
摘要： Nonlinear dynamic systems for generating and acquiring a spread spectrum signal pseudo-random noise (PN) signal are disclosed. An actuating signal is delayed by a first and second period to produce delayed actuating signals. A continuous, nonlinear function is applied to input that corresponds to the delayed actuating signals to produce an output signal. The function has values that correspond to the binary integer values of the mod 2 addition function of a linear feedback shift register, and a non-zero slope at those values. The output signal becomes a PN signal over time when it is fed back to the actuating signal. The output signal synchronizes with a spread spectrum reference input signal when it is superposed on the reference input signal to produce the actuating signal. The system may be incorporated into a transmitter or a receiver, either of which may be part of a larger communication system.
摘要翻译：公开了用于产生和获取扩频信号伪随机噪声（PN）信号的非线性动态系统。致动信号被延迟第一和第二周期以产生延迟的致动信号。连续的非线性函数被应用于对应于延迟的致动信号的输入以产生输出信号。该函数具有对应于线性反馈移位寄存器的mod 2加法函数的二进制整数值以及在这些值的非零斜率的值。当输出信号反馈到启动信号时，输出信号随时间变为PN信号。当输出信号叠加在参考输入信号上时，输出信号与扩频参考输入信号同步以产生致动信号。该系统可以并入到发射机或接收机中，其中任何一个可以是更大的通信系统的一部分。

24. 发明申请

US20140223439A1 SUPERSCALAR CONTROL FOR A PROBABILITY COMPUTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：一个概率计算机的超级控制
公开(公告)号：US20140223439A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-07
申请号：US14130403
申请日：2011-02-22
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda
IPC分类号： G06F9/48
CPC分类号： G06F9/4843 , G06N7/005
摘要： A method of executing operations in parallel in a probability processing system includes providing a probability processor for executing said operations; and providing a scheduler for identifying, from said operations, those operations that can be executed in parallel. Providing the scheduler includes compiling code written in a probability programming language, that includes both modeling instructions and instructions for scheduling.
摘要翻译：在概率处理系统中并行执行操作的方法包括提供用于执行所述操作的概率处理器; 以及提供调度器，用于从所述操作中识别可以并行执行的那些操作。提供调度器包括编译以概率编程语言编写的代码，其包括建模指令和调度指令。

25. 发明授权

US08627246B2 Implementation of factor graphs 有权
标题翻译：因子图的实现
公开(公告)号：US08627246B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-07
申请号：US13006060
申请日：2011-01-13
申请人： Shawn Hershey , Benjamin Vigoda
发明人： Shawn Hershey , Benjamin Vigoda
IPC分类号： G06F17/50
CPC分类号： G06F17/5027
摘要： The process of implementing a belief propagation network in software and/or hardware can begin with a factor-graph-designer who designs a factor graph that implements that network. A development system provides a user with a way to specify a factor graph at a high or abstract level, and then solve the factor graph, or make an instance of the factor graph in software and/or hardware based on the specification. Factor graphs enable designers to create a graphical model of complicated belief propagation networks such as Markov chains, hidden Markov models, and Bayesian networks.
摘要翻译：在软件和/或硬件中实现信任传播网络的过程可以从设计实现该网络的因子图的因子图设计者开始。开发系统为用户提供了一种以高或抽象级别指定因子图的方式，然后根据规范解决因子图，或者在软件和/或硬件中制作因子图的实例。因子图使设计人员能够创建一个复杂信念传播网络的图形模型，如马尔科夫链，隐马尔可夫模型和贝叶斯网络。

26. 发明授权

US08458114B2 Analog computation using numerical representations with uncertainty 有权
标题翻译：使用具有不确定性的数值表示的模拟计算
公开(公告)号：US08458114B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-04
申请号：US12716155
申请日：2010-03-02
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda , William Bradley , Shawn Hershey , Jeffrey Bernstein
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda , William Bradley , Shawn Hershey , Jeffrey Bernstein
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06N7/02 , G06N7/06
CPC分类号： G06N7/005
摘要： Some general aspects relate to systems and methods of analog computation using numerical representation with uncertainty. For example, a specification of a group of variables is accepted, with each variable having a set of at least N possible values. The group of variables satisfies a set of one or more constraints, and each variable is specified as a decomposition into a group of constituents, with each constituent having a set of M (e.g., M
摘要翻译：一些一般方面涉及使用具有不确定性的数值表示的模拟计算的系统和方法。例如，接受一组变量的规范，每个变量具有至少N个可能值的集合。变量组满足一个或多个约束的集合，并且每个变量被指定为分组成一组成分，其中每个组成部分具有一组M（例如，M

27. 发明授权

US06642837B1 Method and apparatus for touch-activated identification and information transfer 有权
标题翻译：用于触摸识别和信息传输的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06642837B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US09420829
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda , Neil Gershenfeld
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda , Neil Gershenfeld
IPC分类号： H04Q522
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , Y10S200/02
摘要： Physical structures respond to proximity or touch, conveying to a reader information such as the identity of the structure or some data associated therewith. In its simplest form, the structure comprises an electrical load and a pair of electrodes connected thereto. The electrodes are spaced apart (by air or other dielectric medium). A signal generator, which acts as a “reader,” is connected to a larger electrode that may be embedded in an environmental surface. When the structure is placed in proximity to the reader electrode, application of the signal results in capacitive coupling between the reader and the electrodes of the structure. The structure is not detected by the reader, however, because the capacitive coupling is comparable for both electrodes, so the load experiences only a small electrical gradient. But if one of the electrodes is grounded, this symmetry is broken and current is drawn through the load. In general, grounding occurs when a person, coupled (even weakly) to environmental ground—e.g., by virtue of standing on the floor—touches one of the electrodes. The resulting loading, which may be varied over time by the structure, is detected by the signal generator.
摘要翻译：物理结构响应接近或触摸，向读者传达诸如结构的身份或与其相关联的一些数据的信息。在其最简单的形式中，该结构包括电负载和与其连接的一对电极。电极间隔开（通过空气或其它电介质）。充当“读取器”的信号发生器连接到可嵌入环境表面的较大电极。当结构放置在读取器电极附近时，信号的施加导致读取器和结构的电极之间的电容耦合。然而，由于电容耦合对于两个电极都是可比较的，所以读取器没有检测到结构，因此负载仅经历小的电梯度。但是，如果其中一个电极接地，则这种对称性被破坏，电流通过负载被拉出。一般来说，当与地面接触的环境地面（甚至弱点）的人接触到一个电极时，就会发生接地。可以由结构随时间变化的结果负载由信号发生器检测。

28. 发明授权

US09626624B2 Programmable probability processing 有权
公开(公告)号：US09626624B2
公开(公告)日：2017-04-18
申请号：US13187466
申请日：2011-07-20
申请人： Jeffrey Bernstein , Benjamin Vigoda
发明人： Jeffrey Bernstein , Benjamin Vigoda
IPC分类号： G06N5/04 , G06N3/063
CPC分类号： G06N5/04 , G06N3/0635
摘要： An inference task is performed using a computation device having a plurality of processing elements operable in parallel and connected via a connectivity system. Performing the task includes accepting at the device a specification of at least part of the inference task. The specification characterizes a plurality of variables and a plurality of factors, each factor being associated with a subset of the variables. Each of the processing elements is configured with data defining one or more of the plurality of factors. At each of the processing elements, computation associated with one of the factors is performed concurrently with other of the processing elements performing computation associated with different ones of the factors. Messages are exchanged via a connectivity system. The messages provide inputs and/or outputs to the processing elements for the computations associated with the factors and provide a result of performing of the at least the part of the inference task.

29. 发明授权

US09412068B2 Distributed factor graph system 有权
标题翻译：分布因子图系统
公开(公告)号：US09412068B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-09
申请号：US14130380
申请日：2011-02-22
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda
IPC分类号： G06F17/00 , G06N5/02 , G06F9/50
CPC分类号： G06N5/02 , G06F9/5066
摘要： In a data processing system, a method for implementing a factor graph having variable nodes and function nodes connected to each other by edges includes implementing a first function node and a on a first computer system, the first computer system being in network communication with a second computer system; establishing a network connection to each of a plurality of processing systems; receiving, at the first function node, soft data from a variable node implemented on one of the processing systems, the soft data including an estimate of a value and information representative of an extent to which the estimate is believed to correspond to a correct value; and transmitting, from the first function node to the one of the processing systems, soft data representing an updated estimate of the value.
摘要翻译：在数据处理系统中，用于实现具有通过边缘相互连接的可变节点和功能节点的因子图的方法包括实现第一功能节点和第一计算机系统，第一计算机系统与第二计算机系统进行网络通信电脑系统; 建立到多个处理系统中的每一个的网络连接; 在所述第一功能节点处从在所述处理系统之一上实现的可变节点接收软数据，所述软数据包括值的估计和表示所述估计被认为对应于正确值的程度的信息; 以及从所述第一功能节点向所述处理系统之一发送表示所述值的更新估计的软数据。

30. 发明授权

US07860687B2 Analog continuous time statistical processing 有权
标题翻译：模拟连续时间统计处理
公开(公告)号：US07860687B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US11738696
申请日：2007-04-23
申请人： Benjamin Vigoda , Neil Gershenfeld
发明人： Benjamin Vigoda , Neil Gershenfeld
IPC分类号： G06F9/00 , G06F7/00 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： H03M13/37 , G06J1/00 , H03M13/6597
摘要： Methods for applications such as signal processing, analysis, and coding/decoding replace digital signal processing elements with analog components are implemented by combining soft logic gates and filters, permitting the functionality of complex finite state machines to be implemented.
摘要翻译：通过组合软逻辑门和滤波器来实现用模拟组件代替数字信号处理元件的信号处理，分析和编码/解码等应用方法，从而实现复杂有限状态机的功能。

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