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11. 发明授权

US5560809A Improved lining for aluminum production furnace 失效
标题翻译：改进铝生产炉衬
公开(公告)号：US5560809A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-01
申请号：US451872
申请日：1995-05-26
申请人： Edmund A. Cortellini
发明人： Edmund A. Cortellini
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/085
摘要： There is provided a sidewall lining for use in an electrolytic reduction cell for the production of aluminum by reduction of alumina in a molten fluroide electrolyte, the lining consisting essentially of a ceramic material having a density of at least 95% of theoretical density and at least closed porosity, the ceramic material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and boron carbide.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于电解还原电池的侧壁衬里，用于通过在熔融氟化物电解质中还原氧化铝来生产铝，该衬里基本上由密度为理论密度的至少95％的陶瓷材料组成，并且至少封闭的孔隙率，陶瓷材料选自碳化硅，氮化硅和碳化硼。

12. 发明授权

US5322826A Refractory material 失效
$Refractory material$
标题翻译：耐火材料
公开(公告)号：US5322826A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US891445
申请日：1992-05-29
申请人： Wolfgang Becker , Fred Brunk
发明人： Wolfgang Becker , Fred Brunk
IPC分类号： C04B35/101 , C04B35/64 , C04B35/66 , C25C3/08 , F27D1/00 , C04B35/10 , C04B35/46
CPC分类号： C04B35/1015 , C04B35/66 , C25C3/085 , Y02P10/262
摘要： The invention relates to a material which is refractory, porous, resistant to fluorine-containing gases, stable in its volume and heat-insulation, particularly in the form of formed bricks, for a refractory, heat-insulating lining in electrolytic cells, in which metal aluminum is extracted by electrolysis from aluminum oxide dissolved in a fluoride melt; the material has an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 content of over 50 wt % and a TiO.sub.2 content of 2.5-10 wt % and during the action of fluorine-containing gases at temperatures between 700.degree. and 1000.degree. C. in the area of the material exposed to the fluorine gas, on free surfaces, particularly at the boundary surfaces of intergranular hollow spaces, needle-shaped TiO.sub.2 crystals and/or TiO.sub.2 -containing crystals are formed, growing without regularity into the porous space. The invention furthermore relates to a method for the manufacture as well as the use of the refractory material.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种耐火材料，耐多孔的，耐含氟气体的材料，其体积和隔热性，特别是形成砖的形式，其用于电解槽中的耐火绝热衬里，其中金属铝通过电解从溶解在氟化物熔体中的氧化铝提取; 该材料的Al2O3含量超过50重量％，TiO 2含量为2.5-10重量％，并且在含氟气体的作用下，在暴露于氟的材料的区域中，在700℃至1000℃的温度下气体，在自由表面上，特别是在晶间中空空间的边界表面，形成针状TiO 2晶体和/或含TiO 2晶体，无规则地生长到多孔空间中。本发明还涉及一种用于制造和使用耐火材料的方法。

13. 发明授权

US5314599A Barrier layer against fluoride diffusion in linings of aluminum reduction cells 失效
标题翻译：阻挡层防止铝还原电池衬里的氟化物扩散
公开(公告)号：US5314599A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US921294
申请日：1992-07-28
申请人： Claude Allaire
发明人： Claude Allaire
IPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C04B35/02 , C21B7/04 , F27B14/10
CPC分类号： C25C3/085 , Y02P10/138 , Y02P10/262
摘要： A barrier layer for prevention of solid fluorides penetration, e.g. NaF, from the interior of an aluminum production cell holding a fluoride-containing melt into a refractory layer intended to provide heat and electrical insulation for the cell. The barrier layer contains CaO, which may be derived from a CaO precursor such as calcite (CaCO.sub.2) by decomposition during cell start-up. Since CaO does not appear to react with sodium fluoride (NaF), and indeed according to thermodynamic calculations seems incapable of doing so at cell operating temperatures, it is effective for preventing the penetration of that compound when the latter is in the solid state. The barrier layer makes it possible to use insulating low cost refractories which are attacked by solid fluorides in the cell wall lining with improvement of the life of such materials. The barrier layer also keeps fluorides out of the refractory materials so that these materials can be disposed of in conventional land-fill sites without risk of causing pollution due to leaching of fluoride salts.
摘要翻译：用于防止固体氟化物渗透的阻挡层，例如， NaF，从含有含氟化物的熔体的铝生产单元的内部进入用于为电池提供热和电绝缘的耐火层。阻挡层含有CaO，其可以通过细胞启动期间的分解从CaO前体如方解石（CaCO 2）衍生。由于CaO不与氟化钠（NaF）发生反应，实际上根据热力学计算，在电池工作温度下似乎不能这样做，因此当化合物处于固体状态时，防止该化合物的渗透是有效的。阻隔层使得可以使用在细胞壁衬里中被固体氟化物侵蚀的绝缘低成本耐火材料，同时改善这种材料的寿命。阻挡层还将氟化物从耐火材料中保持，使得这些材料可以在传统的填埋位置处理，而不会由于氟化物盐的浸出而引起污染。

14. 发明授权

US4737254A Linings for aluminium reduction cells 失效
标题翻译：铝还原电池衬片
公开(公告)号：US4737254A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US901426
申请日：1986-08-28
申请人： Adam J. Gesing , David N. Mitchell , Douglas N. Reesor
发明人： Adam J. Gesing , David N. Mitchell , Douglas N. Reesor
IPC分类号： C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/085
摘要： A lining to support the liquid contents of an aluminium electrolytic reduction cell includes an upper layer which is penetrated by electrolyte during operation of the cell, consisting essentially of unbonded alumina, including a substantially close-packed array of alumina shapes, the gaps between the shapes being substantially filled with particulate alumina in one or more fractions having discrete particle size ranges, including a fraction having an average particle diameter not more than 20% of the average diameter of the shapes, the layer having a bulk density of at least 2.0 g/cc.
摘要翻译：用于支撑铝电解还原电池的液体内容物的内衬包括在电池操作期间被电解质渗透的上层，其基本上由未结合的氧化铝组成，包括基本上紧密堆叠的氧化铝形状的阵列，形状之间的间隙在一个或多个具有离散粒度范围的级分中基本上填充有颗粒氧化铝，其包括具有不大于形状的平均直径的20％的平均粒径的级分，该层的堆积密度为至少2.0g / cc。

15. 发明授权

US4673481A Reduction pot 失效
标题翻译：减量锅
公开(公告)号：US4673481A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US828294
申请日：1986-02-11
申请人： Wilhelm Scharpey
发明人： Wilhelm Scharpey
IPC分类号： C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/085
摘要： A reduction pot for the production of aluminum by fused salt electrolysis comprises an outer steel shell, thermal insulation and an inner lining essentially of carbon with iron cathode bars embedded in it. The floor insulation comprises at least in part of a mechanically compacted layer of a granular material of ground insulation layers and having essentially a particle size that varies between 0.01 and 8 mm. The sidewalls of the reduction pot contain, up to at most 70% of the height (h) of the cathode bar elements, mechanically compacted granular material from ground insulation layers. Above that the thermally and electrically insulated steel shell is lined with sidewall bricks, and the gap between the sidewall bricks and the floor elements is closed off with the usual ramming mass.
摘要翻译：用于通过熔融盐电解生产铝的还原罐包括外部钢壳，绝热层和基本上具有嵌入其中的铁阴极棒的碳的内衬。地板绝缘体至少部分地包括接地绝缘层的颗粒材料的机械压实层，并且具有基本上在0.01和8mm之间变化的粒度。还原罐的侧壁包含至多至多70％的阴极棒元件的高度（h），来自接地绝缘层的机械压实颗粒材料。此外，电气和电气绝缘的钢壳衬有侧壁砖，侧壁砖和地板元件之间的间隙用通常的夯实块封闭。

16. 发明授权

US4170533A Refractory article for electrolysis with a protective coating made of corundum crystals 失效
$Refractory article for electrolysis with a protective coating made of corundum crystals$
标题翻译：用刚玉晶体保护涂层进行电解的耐火材料
公开(公告)号：US4170533A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-09
申请号：US818112
申请日：1977-07-22
申请人： Hanspeter Alder , Hans Boving
发明人： Hanspeter Alder , Hans Boving
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/12 , C25C3/18 , C25C3/10 , C25D17/02
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C23D5/10 , C25C3/085 , C25C3/125
摘要： A molten salt charge as used in the electrolysis of aluminum contains aluminum oxide in excess of the eutectic composition and is cooled at a surface colder than the melt in such a way that the aluminum oxide precipitates onto this surface in the form of corundum crystals. Such a layer of crystals provides chemical and electrical insulation to the cooling surface under the corrosive conditions produced by the charge.
摘要翻译：在电解铝中使用的熔盐电荷包含超过共晶组成的氧化铝，并且以比熔融物更冷的表面冷却，使得氧化铝以刚玉晶体的形式沉淀到该表面上。这种晶体层在电荷产生的腐蚀条件下，向冷却表面提供化学和电绝缘。

17. 发明授权

US4160715A Electrolytic furnace lining 失效
标题翻译：电解炉内衬
公开(公告)号：US4160715A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-10
申请号：US919771
申请日：1978-06-28
申请人： Donald L. Kinosz , William R. Allen
发明人： Donald L. Kinosz , William R. Allen
IPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C3/06
CPC分类号： C25C3/085
摘要： An improved lining for an electrolytic furnace for producing aluminum is disclosed having sufficient thickness that heat flow therethrough is such that an insulative coating provided on the inside surface of a perimetric metal shell around the electrolytic furnace is not exposed to temperatures above an upper temperature limit at which the coating is impenetrable by molten salt. Such improved lining includes an inner layer of high-fired refractory, penetrable by the molten salt and resistant to chemical corrosion by such penetration. The inner layer is of sufficient thickness that a salt freeze line is located therein. Within the inner layer and outside the freeze line is a layer of material impenetrable by molten aluminum. In at least the bottom portion of the furnace and outside the inner layer is at least one layer of glass refractory impermeable to the molten salt.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产铝的电解炉的改进衬里，其具有足够的厚度，使得其中的热流通过，使得设置在电解炉周围的周边金属壳的内表面上的绝缘涂层不暴露于高于上限温度以上的温度该涂层是不可熔化的盐。这种改进的衬里包括高温耐火材料的内层，可以被熔融盐渗透并且耐受这种渗透的化学腐蚀。内层具有足够的厚度，其中盐冻结线位于其中。在内层内部和冷冻线之外是熔融铝不可渗透的一层材料。在炉的至少底部和内层的外部是熔融盐不可渗透的至少一层玻璃。

18. 发明授权

US3607685A Aluminum reduction cell and system for energy conservation therein 失效
标题翻译：铝减少电池及其能源保护系统
公开(公告)号：US3607685A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-21
申请号：US3607685D
申请日：1968-08-21
申请人： JOHNSON ARTHUR F
发明人： JOHNSON ARTHUR F
IPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C22D3/12 , C22D3/02
CPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C3/085
摘要： A compact electrolytic potcell for the reduction of aluminum in fluoride fusions including a multiplicity of spaced and sized electrical conductors extending from the reduced aluminum pad underlying the fluoride fusion, through the refractory potlining, and to an aluminum slab heat-sink on the potshell, the conductors being molten where in contact with the pad and solid where in contact with the aluminum slab and the temperature and voltage difference of the slab relative to the pad being adjusted to as low as feasible with cell operation to conserve energy for reduction.

19. 发明授权

US3154624A Ramming mix 失效
标题翻译：捣蛋混合
公开(公告)号：US3154624A
公开(公告)日：1964-10-27
申请号：US17470462
申请日：1962-02-21
申请人： HARBISON WALKER REFRACTORIES
发明人： DOLPH JAMES L , RENKEY ALBERT L
IPC分类号： C04B7/32 , C04B28/06 , C04B35/01 , C04B35/12 , C04B35/42 , C04B35/44 , C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C3/085 , C04B7/32 , C04B28/06 , C04B35/01 , C04B35/12 , C04B35/42 , C04B35/44 , Y02P10/262 , C04B14/30 , C04B14/303

20. 发明授权

US09994963B2 Outlet seal for the cathode bars of an aluminum electrolytic cell 有权
公开(公告)号：US09994963B2
公开(公告)日：2018-06-12
申请号：US13932773
申请日：2013-07-01
申请人： Mid-Mountain Materials, Inc.
发明人： Tony Carroll , Yuri Nikolaevich Popov
IPC分类号： C25C7/00 , C25C3/08
CPC分类号： C25C7/00 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/085
摘要： Sealing devices are provided as configured for use with cathode devices of an electrolytic cell for production of aluminum. In particular, the seals are specifically configured to provide an outlet seal for the cathode bars. The sealing devices are made of a material that is elastic, gas-proof, and heat-proof, and can create a hermetic seal around the cathode bar in such a way as to be able to move synchronously or asynchronously with the movement of the cathode bar as it undergoes thermally induced movement during aluminum production.

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