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11. 发明申请

US20130294118A1 Output Current Estimation for an Isolated Flyback Converter With Variable Switching Frequency Control and Duty Cycle Adjustment for Both PWM and PFM Modes 有权
标题翻译：用于PWM和PFM模式的具有可变开关频率控制和占空比调整的隔离反激式转换器的输出电流估计
公开(公告)号：US20130294118A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13462986
申请日：2012-05-03
申请人： Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Hing Kit KWAN , Chik Wai (David) NG , Po Wah (Patrick) CHANG
发明人： Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Hing Kit KWAN , Chik Wai (David) NG , Po Wah (Patrick) CHANG
IPC分类号： H02M3/335 , H02M11/00 , G05F1/10
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M2001/0009
摘要： A fly-back power converter has a current-estimating control loop that senses the primary output current in a transformer to control the secondary output. A primary-side control circuit switches primary current through the transformer on and off. A discharge time when a secondary current through an auxiliary winding of the transformer is flowing is generated by sampling a voltage divider on an auxiliary loop for a knee-point. A normalized duty cycle is calculated by multiplying the discharge time by a current that is proportional to the switching frequency and comparing to a sawtooth signal having the switching frequency. The peak of a primary-side voltage is sensed from the primary current loop and converted to a current and multiplied by the normalized duty cycle to generate an estimated current. An error amp compares the estimated current to a reference to adjust the oscillator frequency and peak current to control primary switching.
摘要翻译：回扫功率转换器具有电流估算控制回路，其感测变压器中的主要输出电流以控制次级输出。初级侧控制电路通过变压器开启和关闭一次电流。通过变压器的辅助绕组的二次电流流过的放电时间是通过对用于拐点的辅助回路上的分压器进行采样而产生的。通过将放电时间乘以与开关频率成比例的电流并与具有开关频率的锯齿波信号进行比较来计算归一化占空比。初级侧电压的峰值从初级电流回路感测并转换为电流并乘以归一化占空比以产生估计电流。误差放大器将估计电流与参考值进行比较，以调整振荡器频率和峰值电流以控制主开关。

12. 发明申请

US20130170551A1 Halo Reduction in Frame-Rate-Conversion Using Hybrid Bi-Directional Motion Vectors for Occlusion/Disocclusion Detection 有权
标题翻译：使用混合双向运动矢量进行遮挡/遮挡检测的帧速率转换光晕减少
公开(公告)号：US20130170551A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-04
申请号：US13339690
申请日：2011-12-29
申请人： Xuejiao LIU , King Hung CHIU , Peng LUO , Tim Ka Lung WONG
发明人： Xuejiao LIU , King Hung CHIU , Peng LUO , Tim Ka Lung WONG
IPC分类号： H04N7/01 , H04N7/32
CPC分类号： H04N7/014 , H04N5/144 , H04N5/145 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/51 , H04N19/577 , H04N19/61
摘要： A frame-rate converter reduces halo artifacts along edges of moving objects. Halo artifacts occur on interpolated frames where a moving object covers and uncovers pixels along its edges. Motion estimation among three original frames produces hybrid direction motion vectors that are bi-directional for background and objects, but are unidirectional for covered and uncovered regions, since motion vectors with large matching errors are deleted. Covered regions in the interpolated frame are detected as intersecting only a forward but no backward hybrid motion vector. Bi-directional motion estimation from the hybrid motion vectors of two original frames produces refined motion vectors for the interpolated frame. Refined motion vectors in the covered regions are deleted and replaced with hybrid motion vectors from the original frames. Hybrid motion vectors from the original frames are assigned to the critical covered regions rather than using interpolated vectors in the covered regions, reducing halo artifacts.
摘要翻译：帧速率转换器沿着移动物体的边缘减少光晕伪影。光晕伪影发生在内插帧上，移动物体沿着其边缘覆盖和揭开像素。三个原始帧之间的运动估计产生对于背景和物体是双向的混合方向运动矢量，但是对于覆盖和未覆盖区域是单向的，因为具有大匹配误差的运动矢量被删除。内插帧中的覆盖区域被检测为仅与前向相交但不相反的混合运动向量相交。来自两个原始帧的混合运动矢量的双向运动估计产生用于内插帧的精细运动矢量。被覆盖区域中的精细运动矢量被删除，并由来自原始帧的混合运动矢量代替。来自原始帧的混合运动矢量被分配给关键的覆盖区域，而不是在被覆盖的区域中使用内插向量，减少光晕伪像。

13. 发明申请

US20120126901A1 PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRO-MAGNETIC-INTERFERENCE (EMI) REDUCTION WITH ENHANCED NOISE IMMUNITY AND PROCESS TOLERANCE 有权
标题翻译：可编程电磁干扰（EMI）减少与增强的噪声免疫和过程公差
公开(公告)号：US20120126901A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-24
申请号：US12948896
申请日：2010-11-18
申请人： Chi Tak (Gerry) LEUNG , Chik Wai (David) NG , Hing Kit KWAN , Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Po Wah CHANG , Wing Cheong MAK , Kwok Kuen KWONG
发明人： Chi Tak (Gerry) LEUNG , Chik Wai (David) NG , Hing Kit KWAN , Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Po Wah CHANG , Wing Cheong MAK , Kwok Kuen KWONG
IPC分类号： H03L7/00
CPC分类号： H03L7/08
摘要： A frequency dithering circuit reduces emissions that cause Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) by spreading the spectrum of a clock. The clock sequences a counter that drives a digital count value to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC outputs a sawtooth wave with a wide voltage swing. A subtractor scales down the voltage swing to produce a reduced-swing sawtooth wave which is used as an upper limit voltage. Comparators trigger a set-reset latch to toggle the clock when current pumps charge and discharge a capacitor beyond voltage limits. Since the upper limit voltage is the reduced sawtooth wave from the subtractor, the amount of time to charge the capacitor varies, dithering the period of the clock. The degree of dithering can be adjusted by programming the feedback resistance in the subtractor. The subtractor reduces the sensitivity of dithering to errors in the DAC, allowing for an inexpensive, less precise DAC.
摘要翻译：频率抖动电路通过扩展时钟的频谱来减少引起电磁干扰（EMI）的辐射。该时钟是将数字计数值驱动到数模转换器（DAC）的计数器。 DAC输出宽电压摆幅的锯齿波。减法器缩小电压摆幅，产生用作上限电压的减小摆动锯齿波。当电流泵对电容器充电和放电超过电压限制时，比较器触发设置复位锁存器来切换时钟。由于上限电压是来自减法器的减少的锯齿波，所以对电容器充电的时间量变化，使时钟的周期抖动。可以通过对减法器中的反馈电阻进行编程来调整抖动度。减法器可降低抖动对DAC误差的灵敏度，从而实现廉价，精度更低的DAC。

14. 发明申请

US20110221938A1 Optical Black-Level Cancellation for Optical Sensors Using Open-Loop Sample Calibration Amplifier 有权
标题翻译：使用开环采样校准放大器的光学传感器的光学黑电平消除
公开(公告)号：US20110221938A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-15
申请号：US12722148
申请日：2010-03-11
申请人： Lap Chi (David) LEUNG , Yat Tung LAI , Chun Fai WONG , Kam Hung CHAN , Kwok Kuen (David) KWONG
发明人： Lap Chi (David) LEUNG , Yat Tung LAI , Chun Fai WONG , Kam Hung CHAN , Kwok Kuen (David) KWONG
IPC分类号： H04N9/64
CPC分类号： H04N5/361 , H04N5/3575
摘要： A Optical Black Pixel (OBP) cancellation circuit corrects offsets in sensors in a CCD/CMOS image sensor when reading dark pixels such at the periphery. A pixel voltage is switched to a sampling capacitor during two phases of the same pixel pulse. Sampling capacitors and feedback capacitors connect to differential inputs of an amplifier. An accumulating capacitor accumulates voltage differences and generates a common-mode voltage that is fed back to another sampling capacitor that stores an amplifier offset. The sampling capacitor and accumulating capacitor and their associated switches form a discrete-time first-order low-pass filter that filters the pixel voltage during the first phase. In the second phase the amplifier acts as a unity-gain amplifier to output an average of the pixel voltage differences generated during an OBP time when blackened or covered pixels are read from the image sensor.
摘要翻译：当在外围读取暗像素时，光学黑色像素（OBP）消除电路校正CCD / CMOS图像传感器中的传感器的偏移。在相同像素脉冲的两个相位期间，将像素电压切换到采样电容器。采样电容器和反馈电容器连接到放大器的差分输入。累积电容器累积电压差并产生反馈到存储放大器偏移的另一采样电容器的共模电压。采样电容器和累加电容器及其相关的开关形成离散时间一阶低通滤波器，其在第一阶段期间对像素电压进行滤波。在第二阶段，放大器用作单位增益放大器，以输出从图像传感器读取黑化或覆盖像素时在OBP时间期间产生的像素电压差的平均值。

15. 发明申请

US20100315748A1 ESD Protection using a Capacitivly-Coupled Clamp for Protecting Low-Voltage Core Transistors from High-Voltage Outputs 有权
标题翻译：使用电容耦合钳位保护低压芯片晶体管的ESD保护从高压输出
公开(公告)号：US20100315748A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12481696
申请日：2009-06-10
申请人： Kwok Kuen Kwong , Chik Wai Ng , Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Hing Kit KWAN
发明人： Kwok Kuen Kwong , Chik Wai Ng , Wai Kit (Victor) SO , Hing Kit KWAN
IPC分类号： H02H9/00
CPC分类号： H03K19/00315 , H01L27/0266 , H03K19/018557
摘要： An electro-static-discharge (ESD) protection circuit protects core transistors. An internal node to the gate of an n-channel output transistor connects to the drain of an n-channel gate-grounding transistor to ground. The gate of the gate-grounding transistor is a coupled-gate node that is coupled by an ESD coupling capacitor to the output and to ground by an n-channel disabling transistor and a leaker resistor. The gate of the n-channel disabling transistor is connected to power and disables the ESD protection circuit when powered. An ESD pulse applied to the output is coupled through the ESD coupling capacitor to pulse high the coupled-gate node and turn on the gate-grounding transistor to ground the gate of the n-channel output transistor, which breaks down to shunt ESD current. The ESD pulse is prevented from coupling through a parasitic Miller capacitor of the n-channel output transistor by the gate-grounding transistor.
摘要翻译：静电放电（ESD）保护电路保护核心晶体管。 n沟道输出晶体管的栅极的内部节点连接到n沟道栅极 - 接地晶体管的漏极到地。栅极接地晶体管的栅极是通过ESD耦合电容器耦合到输出并由n沟道禁用晶体管和漏电阻器接地的耦合栅极节点。 n沟道禁用晶体管的栅极连接电源，并在供电时禁用ESD保护电路。施加到输出端的ESD脉冲通过ESD耦合电容器耦合，使耦合栅极节点高电压，并接通栅极 - 接地晶体管，使n沟道输出晶体管的栅极接地，从而分解ESD电流。防止ESD脉冲通过栅极接地晶体管的n沟道输出晶体管的寄生米勒电容器耦合。

16. 发明申请

US20100212729A1 Epitaxial Growth of III-V Compounds on (111) Silicon for Solar Cells 有权
标题翻译： III-V化合物对（111）硅太阳能电池的外延生长
公开(公告)号：US20100212729A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-26
申请号：US12391502
申请日：2009-02-24
申请人： Chung Chi Hsu
发明人： Chung Chi Hsu
IPC分类号： H01L31/00 , H01L29/66 , H01L31/0304
CPC分类号： H01L21/02546 , H01L21/02381 , H01L21/02433 , H01L21/02609 , H01L31/0304 , H01L31/03046 , H01L31/0725 , H01L31/0735 , Y02E10/544
摘要： A multi-junction device can be used as a high efficiency solar cell, laser, or light-emitting diode. Multiple epitaxial films grown over a substrate have very low defect densities because an initial epitaxial layer is a coincidence-site lattice (CSL) layer that has III-V atoms that fit into lattice sites of Silicon atoms in the substrate. The substrate is a Si (111) substrate which has a step height between adjacent terraces on its surface that closely matches the step height of GaAs (111). Any anti-phase boundaries (APBs) formed at terrace steps cancel out within a few atomic layers of GaAs in the (111) orientation since the polarity of the GaAs molecule is aligned with the (111) direction. A low CSL growth temperature grows GaAs horizontally along Si terraces before vertical growth. Tunnel diode and active solar-cell junction layers can be grown over the CSL at higher temperatures.
摘要翻译：多结器件可用作高效率太阳能电池，激光器或发光二极管。在衬底上生长的多个外延膜具有非常低的缺陷密度，因为初始外延层是具有适合衬底中硅原子的晶格位点的III-V原子的重合位点晶格（CSL）层。衬底是Si（111）衬底，其在其表面上的相邻露台之间具有与GaAs（111）的台阶高度紧密匹配的台阶高度。由于GaAs分子的极性与（111）方向对准，所以在（111）取向中的GaAs的几个原子层内，在平台阶段形成的任何反相边界（APB）都会被抵消。在垂直增长之前，低CSL生长温度会沿着Si梯度水平生长砷化镓。隧道二极管和有源太阳能电池接合层可以在较高温度下在CSL上生长。

17. 发明授权

US09217841B2 Compact camera module with zoom and auto-focus actuators sharing the same rotating annular magnet with alternating thick and thin poles 有权
标题翻译：具有变焦和自动对焦执行器的紧凑型相机模块共享相同的旋转环形磁体，交替厚薄极
公开(公告)号：US09217841B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-22
申请号：US13012928
申请日：2011-01-25
申请人： Kin Ming Fan , Kwok Sing Cheng
发明人： Kin Ming Fan , Kwok Sing Cheng
IPC分类号： H04N5/225 , G02B7/02 , G11B7/09 , G02B7/10 , G02B13/00 , H02K41/035 , G03B3/10 , G02B15/177
CPC分类号： G02B7/102 , G02B13/0045 , G02B13/009 , G02B15/177 , G03B3/10 , G03B2205/0046 , G03B2205/0069 , H02K41/0356
摘要： A compact camera modules has first, second, and third lens groups that move along an optical axis. A stepping motor is centered on the optical axis rather than offset from the optical axis. The motor has two coils that are fixed in place and a shared rotating magnet. The magnet is attached to a rotating guide that has slots to move the first and second lens groups as it rotates. The two coils are alternately energized to rotate the magnet, the rotating guide, and to move the first and second lens groups for zoom. The magnet has alternating thicker and thinner segments of opposite polarity. The thicker segments exert a greater force on an autofocus coil that is energized to move the third lens for the autofocus function. The same shared rotating magnet is used for both zoom and autofocus functions. A more compact design is possible using a shared magnet.
摘要翻译：小型相机模块具有沿光轴移动的第一，第二和第三透镜组。步进电机以光轴为中心，而不是偏离光轴。电机有两个线圈固定在适当的位置和一个共享的旋转磁铁。磁体附接到具有狭槽的旋转引导件，以在第一和第二透镜组旋转时移动第一和第二透镜组。两个线圈交替地被激励以旋转磁体，旋转引导件，并且移动第一和第二透镜组以进行变焦。磁体具有相反极性的交替较厚和较薄的段。较厚的部分在自动聚焦线圈上施加更大的力，该自动聚焦线圈被激励以移动第三透镜进行自动对焦功能。相同的共享旋转磁铁用于变焦和自动对焦功能。使用共享磁铁可以实现更紧凑的设计。

18. 发明授权

US09190961B1 Digitally-programmable gain amplifier with direct-charge transfer and offset cancellation 有权
标题翻译：具有直接电荷传输和偏移消除的数字可编程增益放大器
公开(公告)号：US09190961B1
公开(公告)日：2015-11-17
申请号：US14264252
申请日：2014-04-29
申请人： Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Company Limited
发明人： Ho Ming (Karen) Wan , Kwai Chi Chan , Tin Ho (Andy) Wu
IPC分类号： H03F1/02 , H03F3/00 , H03F3/45 , H03G3/00
CPC分类号： H03F1/0233 , H03F1/0266 , H03F3/005 , H03F3/38 , H03F3/45071 , H03F3/45475 , H03F3/45605 , H03F2200/249 , H03F2200/405 , H03F2200/411 , H03F2200/471 , H03F2203/45116 , H03F2203/45512 , H03F2203/45536 , H03F2203/45544 , H03F2203/45616 , H03G1/0094 , H03G3/001 , H03G3/002
摘要： A Programmable-Gain Amplifier (PGA) has a digital value that programmably adjusts the gain of the analog amplifier. A variable capacitor has several switched sub-capacitors that are enabled by the digital value. Enabled sub-capacitors are switched between a sampled input and a virtual ground on one terminal, and connect to a summing node on the other terminal. The summing node connects to the inverting input of an op amp either through a switch or through a double-sampling capacitor that stores an offset. A feedback capacitor is in parallel with a sampling capacitor during a second clock phase when direct-charge transfer occurs, reducing power consumption of the amplifier. The feedback capacitor samples the sampled input during the first clock phase. The PGA gain is proportional to the sum of capacitances of enabled sub-capacitors. The gain can be adjusted for sensor inputs to an Analog Front-End (AFE), such as for an electro-cardiogram (ECG).
摘要翻译：可编程增益放大器（PGA）具有可编程调节模拟放大器增益的数字值。可变电容器具有通过数字值使能的几个开关子电容器。启用子电容器在一个终端上的采样输入和虚拟地之间切换，并连接到另一个终端上的求和节点。求和节点通过开关或通过存储偏移的双采样电容连接到运算放大器的反相输入。当直接电荷转移发生时，反馈电容器在第二个时钟相位期间与采样电容并联，从而降低放大器的功耗。反馈电容在第一个时钟阶段对采样输入进行采样。 PGA增益与使能子电容的电容之和成正比。可以调整模拟前端（AFE）的传感器输入的增益，例如电心电图（ECG）。

19. 发明申请

US20140028395A1 Op-Amp Sharing by Swapping Trans-Conductance Cells 有权
标题翻译：通过交换反电导单元进行运算放大器共享
公开(公告)号：US20140028395A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-30
申请号：US13560455
申请日：2012-07-27
申请人： Chi Hong CHAN , Chi Fat CHAN , Gordon CHUNG
发明人： Chi Hong CHAN , Chi Fat CHAN , Gordon CHUNG
IPC分类号： H03F3/45 , H03F3/18 , H03F1/22
CPC分类号： H03F3/005 , H03F3/45179 , H03F3/45192 , H03F3/45636 , H03F2203/45544 , H03F2203/45551 , H03F2203/45616 , H03F2203/45631 , H03F2203/45644 , H03F2203/45702 , H03F2203/45724 , H03F2203/45726 , H03F2203/45728
摘要： A two-stage op amp has a transconductance cell in a second stage modified to match a transconductance cell in a first stage. A transconductance swap network is inserted between transconductance cells and trans-impedance cells, such as current-steering networks, current mirrors, or drivers connected to the transconductance cells. The transconductance swap network directly connects the first transconductance cell to the first stage trans-impedance cell during a second clock phase, but crosses-over the first transconductance cell to the second-stage trans-impedance cell during a first clock phase. A first switched-capacitor network drives the gates of differential transistors in the first transconductance cell by alternately sampling an input and feedback, and equalizing to reset inputs. A second first switched-capacitor network drives differential transistors in the second transconductance cell, but during opposite clock phases. Two independent inputs are sampled by the switched-capacitor networks and alternately amplified by swapping connections within the shared op amp.
摘要翻译：两级运算放大器具有在第一级修改为匹配跨导单元的第二级中的跨导单元。在跨导单元和跨阻抗单元之间插入跨导互换网络，例如电流转向网络，电流镜或连接到跨导单元的驱动器。跨导互换网络在第二时钟相位期间将第一跨导单元直接连接到第一级跨阻抗单元，但是在第一时钟阶段期间跨越第一跨导单元到第二级跨阻抗单元。第一开关电容器网络通过交替地对输入和反馈进行采样并均衡复位输入来驱动第一跨导单元中的差分晶体管的栅极。第二个第一个开关电容网络驱动第二跨导单元中的差分晶体管，但是在相反的时钟阶段。两个独立的输入由开关电容网络采样，并通过交换共享运算放大器内的连接来交替放大。

20. 发明申请

US20120188435A1 Compact Camera Module with Zoom and Auto-Focus Actuators Sharing the Same Rotating Annular Magnet with Alternating Thick and Thin Poles 有权
标题翻译：具有变焦和自动对焦致动器的紧凑型相机模块与交替的厚薄极共享相同的旋转环形磁体
公开(公告)号：US20120188435A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-26
申请号：US13012928
申请日：2011-01-25
申请人： Kin Ming FAN , Kwok Sing CHENG
发明人： Kin Ming FAN , Kwok Sing CHENG
IPC分类号： H04N5/225 , G02B7/04
CPC分类号： G02B7/102 , G02B13/0045 , G02B13/009 , G02B15/177 , G03B3/10 , G03B2205/0046 , G03B2205/0069 , H02K41/0356
摘要： A compact camera modules has first, second, and third lens groups that move along an optical axis. A stepping motor is centered on the optical axis rather than offset from the optical axis. The motor has two coils that are fixed in place and a shared rotating magnet. The magnet is attached to a rotating guide that has slots to move the first and second lens groups as it rotates. The two coils are alternately energized rotate the magnet, the rotating guide, and to move the first and second lens groups for zoom. The magnet has alternating thicker and thinner segments of opposite polarity. The thicker segments exert a greater force on an autofocus coil that is energized to move the third lens for the autofocus function. The same shared rotating magnet is used for both zoom and autofocus functions. A more compact design is possible using a shared magnet.
摘要翻译：小型相机模块具有沿光轴移动的第一，第二和第三透镜组。步进电机以光轴为中心，而不是偏离光轴。电机有两个线圈固定在适当的位置和一个共享的旋转磁铁。磁体附接到具有狭槽的旋转引导件，以在第一和第二透镜组旋转时移动第一和第二透镜组。两个线圈交替地通电使磁体，旋转引导件旋转，并且移动第一和第二透镜组以进行变焦。磁体具有相反极性的交替较厚和较薄的段。较厚的部分在自动聚焦线圈上施加更大的力，该自动聚焦线圈被激励以移动第三透镜进行自动对焦功能。相同的共享旋转磁铁用于变焦和自动对焦功能。使用共享磁铁可以实现更紧凑的设计。

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