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11. 发明授权

US5732147A Defective object inspection and separation system using image analysis and curvature transformation 失效
标题翻译：使用图像分析和曲率变换的物体检查和分离系统不良
公开(公告)号：US5732147A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US483962
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Yang Tao
发明人： Yang Tao
IPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422
摘要： Image processing system using cameras and image processing techniques to identify undesirable objects on roller conveyor lines. The cameras above the conveyor capture images of the passing objects. The roller background information is removed and images of the objects remain. To analyze each individual object accurately, the adjacent objects are isolated and small noisy residue fragments are removed. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects even below the roller background and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectance on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions. Defect segments are then extracted from the resulting transformed images. The size, level, and pattern of the defect segments indicate the degree of defects in the object. The extracted features are fed into a recognition process and a decision making system for grade rejection decisions. The locations in coordinates of the defects generated by a defect allocation function are combined with defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions such as to separate objects with defects from those that are defect-free.
摘要翻译：使用相机和图像处理技术的图像处理系统来识别滚筒输送机线上的不期望的物体。传送带上方的摄像机捕获通过物体的图像。删除滚轮背景信息，并保留对象的图像。为了精确地分析每个单独的对象，相邻的对象是孤立的，并且去除小的噪声残留碎片。球面光学变换和缺陷保存变换保留了甚至低于滚筒背景的物体上的任何缺陷水平，并补偿球形物体在其曲率和尺寸上的非朗伯梯度反射率。然后从所得到的变换图像中提取缺陷片段。缺陷段的大小，级别和模式表示对象中的缺陷程度。提取的特征被馈送到识别过程和用于等级拒绝决定的决策系统。由缺陷分配功能产生的缺陷的坐标中的位置与缺陷拒绝决定和用户参数组合以发出适当的机械动作，例如将具有缺陷的缺陷对象与无缺陷的对象分开。

12. 发明授权

US5533628A Method and apparatus for sorting objects by color including stable color transformation 失效
标题翻译：通过颜色分类对象的方法和装置，包括稳定的颜色转换
公开(公告)号：US5533628A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-09
申请号：US293431
申请日：1994-08-19
申请人： Yang Tao
发明人： Yang Tao
IPC分类号： B07C5/342
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/939
摘要： A color sorting apparatus has a singulator section, a color sorter and a conveyor which drops the sorted objects into appropriate collection bins. Objects for sorting are transported on an endless conveyor on wheels through the singulation and color sorting section. An independently adjustable speed belt rotates in the same direction as the wheels and operates to provide a view of each of four sides of the object to an imaging device. The imaging device, such as a camera, supplies red, green and blue signals to an image processor which performs a color transformation and obtains a single composite hue value for each object or piece of fruit to be sorted. Based on a comparison of the hue value to user programmed grading criteria, signals are provided to the conveyor so that the objects are ultimately deposited in appropriate sorting bins. The apparatus also provides one or more of color calibration with respect to predetermined color standard references, a dynamic color calibration, a fine tuning adjustment, color correction based on size, shape measurement and a hue value transformation that provides a stable hue value.
摘要翻译：一种颜色分选装置具有一个分割器部分，一个分色器和一个输送机，将分类的物品放入合适的收集箱中。用于分类的物体通过单色和颜色分选部分在轮子上的环形输送机上运输。独立可调节的速度带沿与车轮相同的方向旋转，并且操作以将物体的四个侧面中的每一侧的视图提供给成像装置。诸如相机的成像装置将红色，绿色和蓝色信号提供给执行颜色变换的图像处理器，并且获得要分类的每个对象或一片水果的单个复合色调值。基于将色调值与用户编程的分级标准进行比较，将信号提供给输送机，使得物体最终沉积在适当的分选箱中。该装置还提供关于预定颜色标准参考，动态颜色校准，微调调整，基于尺寸，形状测量和提供稳定色调值的色调值变换的颜色校正的一种或多种颜色校准。

13. 发明授权

US11109292B2 Method, user equipment and communication system for inter-rat handover in 3G LTE 有权
公开(公告)号：US11109292B2
公开(公告)日：2021-08-31
申请号：US12866978
申请日：2008-02-21
申请人： Yang Tao
发明人： Yang Tao
IPC分类号： H04W36/00 , H04W36/14 , H04W36/02 , H04W4/18
摘要： The invention provides a method for enabling inter-RAT handover in a communication system comprising a first network utilizing a first radio access technology and a second network utilizing a second radio access technology. When a user equipment moves from the first network into the second network and a handover is to be made, processing protocol data units (PDUs) in non-IP packet format and buffered in the first network or in the user equipment into IP packets in response to a handover confirmation (HOcfm) sent by the second network; forwarding the processed IP packets from the first network to the second network if the PDUs are buffered in the first network; and retransmitting the processed IP packets after the user equipment is switched to the second network. An user equipment and a communication system corresponding with the method of the invention are also provided.

14. 发明授权

US5799105A Method for calibrating a color sorting apparatus 失效
标题翻译：校准颜色分选装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US5799105A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US439102
申请日：1995-05-11
申请人： Yang Tao
发明人： Yang Tao
IPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/939
摘要： A color sorting apparatus has a singulator section, a color sorter and a conveyor which drops the sorted objects into appropriate collection bins. Objects for sorting are transported on an endless conveyor on wheels through the singulation and color sorting section. An independently adjustable speed belt rotates in the same direction as the wheels and operates to provide a view of each of four sides of the object to an imaging device. The imaging device, such as a camera, supplies red, green and blue signals to an image processor which performs a color transformation and obtains a single composite hue value for each object or piece of fruit to be sorted. Based on a comparison of the hue value to user programmed grading criteria, signals are provided to the conveyor so that the objects are ultimately deposited in appropriate sorting bins. The apparatus also provides one or more of color calibration with respect to predetermined color standard references, a dynamic color calibration, a fine tuning adjustment, color correction based on size, shape measurement and a hue value transformation that provides a stable hue value.
摘要翻译：一种颜色分选装置具有一个分割器部分，一个分色器和一个输送机，将分类的物品放入合适的收集箱中。用于分类的物体通过单色和颜色分选部分在轮子上的环形输送机上运输。独立可调节的速度带沿与车轮相同的方向旋转，并且操作以将物体的四个侧面中的每一侧的视图提供给成像装置。诸如相机的成像装置将红色，绿色和蓝色信号提供给执行颜色变换的图像处理器，并且获得要分类的每个对象或一片水果的单个复合色调值。基于将色调值与用户编程的分级标准进行比较，将信号提供给输送机，使得物体最终沉积在适当的分选箱中。该装置还提供关于预定颜色标准参考，动态颜色校准，微调调整，基于尺寸，形状测量和提供稳定色调值的色调值变换的颜色校正的一种或多种颜色校准。

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