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11. 发明授权

US06368375B1 Processing of electroslag refined metal 失效
标题翻译：电渣精炼金属加工
公开(公告)号：US06368375B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09194789
申请日：1999-10-25
申请人： Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Paul Leonard Dupree , Boris Izrailevich Medovar , Lev Borisovich Medovar
发明人： Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Paul Leonard Dupree , Boris Izrailevich Medovar , Lev Borisovich Medovar
IPC分类号： C22B918
CPC分类号： B22D23/10 , B22F9/08 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2998/00 , C22B9/18 , B22F9/082 , B22F3/115 , B22F9/10
摘要： In a method and apparatus for the electroslag refining of metal, the method includes providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. The refining vessel representing an upper part of a cooled mould comprises a plurality of superimposed sleeves which are electrically insulated from one another. The top sleeve, being the refining vessel, is substantially a non-consumable electrode and has a current lead electrically insulated from the sleeve. The molten electroslag layer is heated by a refining current which is passed from a power source through the mould and slag layer to the metal pool. An unrefined metal is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer such that its surface is melted and overheated at the point of contact with the slag such that droplets of the metal are formed and these droplets pass down through the slag and are collected in a pool of molten refined metal beneath the slag.
摘要翻译：在用于金属电渣精炼的方法和装置中，该方法包括提供精炼容器以容纳漂浮在熔融精炼金属层上的电渣精炼层。表示冷却模具的上部的精炼容器包括彼此电绝缘的多个叠置的套筒。作为精炼容器的顶部套筒基本上是非消耗性电极，并且具有与套管电绝缘的电流引线。熔融电渣层由精炼电流加热，精炼电流从电源通过模具和熔渣层传递到金属池。将未精炼的金属放入容器中与熔融电渣层接触，使得其表面在与渣接触的点处熔化和过热，从而形成金属液滴，并且这些液滴通过炉渣向下流过并被收集在矿渣下面的熔融精炼金属池中。

12. 发明授权

US5810066A Systems and methods for controlling the dimensions of a cold finger apparatus in electroslag refining process 失效
标题翻译：在电渣精炼过程中控制冷指装置的尺寸的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5810066A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US576793
申请日：1995-12-21
申请人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Paul Leonard Dupree
发明人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Paul Leonard Dupree
IPC分类号： B22D23/10 , B22F9/08 , C22B9/18
CPC分类号： B22D23/10 , B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2009/0888 , B22F2998/00
摘要： A system and method of electroslag refining of metal is taught. The system and method includes the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal is collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth for protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth. The dimensions of the cold finger apparatus pour spout are controlled by positioning a retaining means around the outer surface of the pour spout thereby controlling the flow rate of molten metal through the cold finger apparatus.
摘要翻译：教导了电渣精炼金属的系统和方法。该系统和方法包括将未精制金属引入电渣精炼工艺中，其中未精制金属在精炼炉渣的上表面首先熔化。当熔融金属通过熔渣时被精炼。精制金属被收集在具有形成在冷柜的表面上的精制金属颅骨的冷炉床装置中，用于保护冷炉免受精炼熔融金属的浸出作用。在冷底部的底部形成冷手指底部倒出口，以允许从冷底座分配熔融精炼金属。通过将保持装置定位在倾倒口的外表面上来控制冷指装置倾倒口的尺寸，从而控制熔融金属通过冷指装置的流速。

13. 发明授权

US6104742A Electroslag apparatus and guide 失效
标题翻译：电击仪器和指导
公开(公告)号：US6104742A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US996715
申请日：1997-12-23
申请人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen , Howard Roscoe Hart, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz
发明人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen , Howard Roscoe Hart, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz
IPC分类号： F27B14/08 , F27D3/15 , F27D9/00 , H05B3/60
CPC分类号： F27B14/063 , F27D3/1509 , F27B2014/0818 , F27D2009/001
摘要： A melt guide is provided for enclosing a bottom of an electroslag refining crucible containing a melt of electroslag refined metal. The guide includes an upper plate sized to engage the crucible bottom for attachment thereto, and includes an upper orifice drain therethrough for draining by gravity the melt from the crucible. A lower plate is spaced below the upper plate to define a plenum therebetween, and includes a lower orifice drain therethrough. A downspout extends through the plenum in flow communication between the upper and lower drains, and includes a middle orifice drain. A heater surrounds the downspout for heating the melt drainable therethrough. And, a coolant is circulated through the plenum for cooling the guide.
摘要翻译：提供熔体引导件以封闭含有电渣精炼金属熔体的电渣精炼坩埚的底部。引导件包括尺寸适于接合坩埚底部以用于附接到其上的上板，并且包括通过其的上孔排水口，用于通过重力排出来自坩埚的熔体。下板在上板下方间隔开，以在其间限定一个气室，并且包括通过其中的下孔排水口。下水口在上下排水沟之间流动连通，延伸穿过气室，并包括一个中间孔排水管。加热器围绕下水口加热可通过其流出的熔体。并且，冷却剂循环通过增压室以冷却导向件。

14. 发明授权

US5992503A Systems and methods for maintaining effective insulation between copper segments during electroslag refining process 失效
标题翻译：在电渣精炼过程中保持铜段之间有效绝缘的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5992503A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US957007
申请日：1997-10-23
申请人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr.
发明人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr.
IPC分类号： B22D23/10 , B22F9/08 , C22B9/18
CPC分类号： B22F9/08 , B22D23/10 , C22B9/18 , B22F2009/0892 , B22F2998/00
摘要： Systems and methods of electroslag refining of metal include the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal is collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth for protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth. The cold finger bottom pour spout comprises a plurality of copper segments having gaps. The gap between the segments is established and maintained by insulation structure and sealing structure positioned in each gap.
摘要翻译：金属电渣精炼的系统和方法包括将未精制金属引入电渣精炼工艺中，其中未精制金属首先在精炼炉渣的上表面熔化。当熔融金属通过熔渣时被精炼。精制金属被收集在具有形成在冷柜的表面上的精制金属颅骨的冷炉床装置中，用于保护冷炉免受精炼熔融金属的浸出作用。在冷底部的底部形成冷手指底部倒出口，以允许从冷底座分配熔融精炼金属。冷指底部倒出口包括具有间隙的多个铜段。通过每个间隙中的绝缘结构和密封结构建立和维持段之间的间隙。

15. 发明授权

US5985206A Electroslag refining starter 失效
标题翻译：电渣精炼起动机
公开(公告)号：US5985206A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-16
申请号：US996712
申请日：1997-12-23
申请人： Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz
发明人： Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz
IPC分类号： C22B9/18 , C21C1/00
CPC分类号： C22B9/18
摘要： An electroslag refining starter includes a refined disk fixedly joined in a central aperture of a mounting ring. The mounting ring supports the starter in a crucible below an ingot being electroslag refined. The disk is consumed during starting and is replaceable in the same mounting ring for subsequent reuse.
摘要翻译：电渣精炼启动器包括固定地连接在安装环的中心孔中的精细盘。安装环将起动器支撑在电铸锭下方的坩埚内，电渣精炼。磁盘在启动过程中消耗，可在相同的安装环中更换，以便后续重新使用。

16. 发明授权

US06427752B1 Casting systems and methods with auxiliary cooling onto a liquidus portion of a casting 失效
标题翻译：铸造系统和方法，辅助冷却到铸件的液相部分
公开(公告)号：US06427752B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09496752
申请日：2000-02-03
申请人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
发明人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
IPC分类号： B22D2300
CPC分类号： B22D23/10 , C22B9/18
摘要： A casting system with auxiliary cooling onto a liquidus portion of the casting can produce a metal casting that comprises a fine-grain, homogeneous microstructure. The microstructure is essentially oxide- and sulfide-free, segregation defect free, and essentially free of voids caused by air entrapped during solidification of the metal from a liquidus state to a solid state. The casting system with auxiliary cooling onto a liquidus portion of the casting can comprises an electroslag refining system as a source of liquid metal; a nucleated casting system; and at least one cooling system that supplies coolant onto a liquidus portion of the casting. The liquidus portion of the casting is cooled in a manner sufficient to provide a casting microstructure that comprises a fine-grain, homogeneous microstructure that is essentially oxide- and sulfide-free, segregation defect free, and essentially free of voids caused by air entrapped during solidification from a liquidus state to a solid state.
摘要翻译：具有辅助冷却到铸件的液相部分上的铸造系统可以产生包括细晶粒均匀微观结构的金属铸件。微结构基本上是无氧化物和无硫化物，偏析缺陷，并且基本上不含金属由液相状态固化至固态时由空气夹带而引起的空隙。具有辅助冷却到铸件的液相部分上的铸造系统可以包括作为液态金属源的电渣精炼系统; 成核铸造系统; 以及将冷却剂供应到铸件的液相部分上的至少一个冷却系统。铸件的液相部分以足以提供铸造微观结构的方式被冷却，该铸造微结构包括基本上不含氧化物和无硫化物的偏析缺陷，并且基本上没有由空气截留的空隙从液相状态到固态的固化。

17. 发明授权

US06350293B1 Bottom pour electroslag refining systems and methods 失效
标题翻译：底部电渣精炼系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06350293B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US09511198
申请日：2000-02-23
申请人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Felix Guenter Muller , Franz Waldemar Hugo , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
发明人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Felix Guenter Muller , Franz Waldemar Hugo , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
IPC分类号： C22B918
CPC分类号： C22B9/18 , F27B3/19 , F27B3/28
摘要： A bottom pour electroslag refining system refines raw material into refined liquid metal. The bottom pour electroslag refining system comprises an electroslag refining crucible; a slag; a bottom pour structure that comprises an orifice from which refined liquid metal from the electroslag refining crucible can flow as a stream of refined liquid metal; and a current path. The current path is defined in the bottom pour electroslag refining system for applying current to the raw material for melting and refining the raw material. The melted and refined raw material forms a refined liquid metal pool in the electroslag refining crucible. The current that is applied by the current path is sufficient to provide the refined liquid metal in the refined liquid metal pool with a viscosity under which the refined liquid metal can flow through the orifice under its own viscosity.
摘要翻译：底部倾倒电渣精炼系统将原料精制成精炼液态金属。底部电渣精炼系统包括电渣精炼坩埚; 渣底部倾倒结构，其包括孔，来自电渣精炼坩埚的精炼液体金属可以由精细液态金属流流动; 和当前路径。目前的路径在底部浇注电渣精炼系统中定义，用于向原料中施加电流以熔化和精炼原料。熔化和精炼的原料在电渣精炼坩埚中形成精炼的液态金属池。通过电流路径施加的电流足以在精制液态金属池中提供精炼的液态金属，其中精细液态金属可以在该粘度下在其自身粘度下流过孔口。

18. 发明授权

US6097750A Electroslag refining hearth 失效
标题翻译：电炉精炼炉膛
公开(公告)号：US6097750A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US1077
申请日：1997-12-31
申请人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Peter George Frischmann , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr.
发明人： Bruce Alan Knudsen , Peter George Frischmann , Robert John Zabala , Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr.
IPC分类号： F27B14/06 , F27B14/08 , F27D3/15 , H05B6/22
CPC分类号： F27D3/1527 , F27B14/063 , F27B2014/0818
摘要： A cold hearth for an electroslag refining crucible includes a floor above which a melt pools. The floor includes a drain for draining the melt by gravity. A plug is deployed inside the drain to block discharge of the melt therethrough, and an actuator is attached to the plug for withdrawing the plug from the drain to permit drainage of the melt upon startup.
摘要翻译：用于电渣精炼坩埚的冷炉包括在其上方的熔融池的地板。地板包括用于通过重力排出熔体的排水沟。在排水管内部设置塞子以堵塞熔体的排放，并且将致动器附接到塞子上，以从排水管抽出塞子，以允许在启动时熔化物排出。

19. 发明授权

US5649993A Methods of recycling oversray powder during spray forming 失效
标题翻译：在喷雾成型过程中回收过量粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US5649993A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-22
申请号：US537577
申请日：1995-10-02
申请人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Robert John Zabala , Paul Leonard Dupree , Bruce Alan Knudsen
发明人： William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Mark Gilbert Benz , Robert John Zabala , Paul Leonard Dupree , Bruce Alan Knudsen
IPC分类号： B22F3/115 , B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , C23C4/12 , C22B4/00
CPC分类号： B22F3/115 , B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , C23C4/123 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856
摘要： A method for the recycling of overspray powder during spray forming is provided. The method involves providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. An ingot of unrefined metal is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer. A current is passed through the slag layer to the ingot to cause surface melting at the interface between the ingot and the electroslag layer. As the ingot is surface melted at its point of contact with the slag, droplets of the unrefined metal are formed and these droplets pass down through the slag and are collected in a body of molten refined metal beneath the slag. The refined metal is held within a cold hearth. At the bottom of the cold hearth, a cold finger orifice permits the withdrawal of refined metal from the cold hearth apparatus. The refined metal passes from the cold finger orifice as a stream. The stream is atomized for spray forming into a preform article on a spray collection station having a solid receiving surface for receiving the atomized metal thereon to form the preform article. The powder produced during the atomization which was not deposited on the solid receiving surface of the spray collection station is recycled onto the top of the molten slag in the electroslag refining station.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在喷雾成型期间再喷射过滤粉末的方法。该方法包括提供精炼容器以容纳漂浮在熔融精炼金属层上的电渣精炼层。将未精制金属锭放入容器中与熔融电渣层接触。电流通过炉渣层进入铸锭，使铸锭和电渣层之间的界面发生表面熔化。当锭在与渣的接触点处表面熔融时，形成未精制金属的液滴，并且这些液滴向下通过炉渣，并被收集在炉渣下面的熔融精炼金属体中。精炼的金属被放在一个冷的炉膛内。在冷底部的底部，冷手指孔允许精制金属从冷炉装置中取出。精制金属作为流从冷指孔传递。将该物流雾化成用于喷雾成型到具有用于在其上接收雾化金属的固体接收表面以形成预制品的喷雾收集站的预制品制品。在雾化期间产生的未沉积在喷雾收集站的固体接收表面上的粉末被再循环到电渣精炼站的熔渣顶部。

20. 发明授权

US06460595B1 Nucleated casting systems and methods comprising the addition of powders to a casting 失效
标题翻译：成核铸造系统和包括向铸件中添加粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US06460595B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09511529
申请日：2000-02-23
申请人： Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
发明人： Mark Gilbert Benz , William Thomas Carter, Jr. , Robert John Zabala , Bruce Alan Knudsen
IPC分类号： B22D2300
CPC分类号： B22D23/10
摘要： Nucleated casting systems and methods comprise the addition of powders into a liquidus portion of the casting. The casting system forms a casting comprising a liquidus portion that receives the refined liquid metal and a solidified portion, the casting further comprising a fine-grain, homogeneous microstructure that is essentially oxide- and sulfide-free and segregation defect free. The casting system comprises a source of refined liquid metal, the refined liquid metal having oxides and sulfides refined out of the metal; a solid metal particle addition system that adds solid metal particles to a surface of the liquidus portion of the casting; and a nucleated casting system for forming the casting. The solid metal particle addition system adds solid metal particles that serve as nucleation centers during solidification of the casting.
摘要翻译：成核铸造系统和方法包括将粉末添加到铸件的液相部分中。铸造系统形成包括接收精制液体金属和固化部分的液相部分的铸件，该铸件还包含基本上不含氧化物和无硫化物并且无偏析缺陷的细晶粒均匀微结构。铸造系统包括精炼液体金属源，精炼液体金属具有从金属中精炼的氧化物和硫化物; 固体金属颗粒添加系统，其将固体金属颗粒添加到铸件的液相线部分的表面; 以及用于形成铸件的成核铸造系统。固体金属颗粒添加体系在铸件凝固期间添加用作成核中心的固体金属颗粒。

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