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    • 13. 发明申请
    • Process for Disruption of Filter Cakes
    • 过滤蛋糕中断过程
    • US20070204997A1
    • 2007-09-06
    • US10594394
    • 2005-03-24
    • Ralph HarrisIan McKay
    • Ralph HarrisIan McKay
    • E21B37/06E21B33/138
    • C09K8/03C09K8/06C09K8/5045C09K8/508C09K8/52C09K2208/18
    • A process for producing a self-disrupting filter cake in an underground formation, which process comprises: (a) incorporating into a drilling fluid a solid polymer capable of being converted by hydrolysis into one or more organic acids; (b) using the drilling fluid to drill a wellbore into the underground formation such that the solid polymer in the drilling fluid contributes to the formation of a filter cake; and (c) allowing the solid polymer to hydrolyse in the presence of water and to disrupt the integrity of the filter cake. A drilling fluid which contains as a bridging agent one or more solid polymers capable of being converted by hydrolysis into one or more organic acids is also provided.
    • 一种用于在地下地层中生产自破碎滤饼的方法,该方法包括:(a)将能够通过水解转化为一种或多种有机酸的固体聚合物掺入钻井液中; (b)使用钻井液将井筒钻入地下地层,使钻井液中的固体聚合物有助于形成滤饼; 和(c)使固体聚合物在水存在下水解并破坏滤饼的完整性。 含有作为桥连剂的一种或多种能够通过水解转化成一种或多种有机酸的固体聚合物的钻井液也被提供。
    • 15. 发明授权
    • Vacuum purification of liquid metals
    • 真空净化液态金属
    • US4456479A
    • 1984-06-26
    • US475964
    • 1983-03-16
    • Ralph HarrisWilliam G. Davenport
    • Ralph HarrisWilliam G. Davenport
    • C22B9/04C22B9/05C22B15/00C22B21/06
    • C22B9/04C22B15/006C22B21/068C22B9/05
    • Molten metals having a low vapor pressure, such as aluminum, are vacuum refined to remove metallic impurities employing a lifting gas to form a metal fall above a liquid metal surface; a vacuum above the metal surface is effective in conjunction with the lifting gas, to develop a bulk flow of rising gases between the liquid metal surface and a condenser; the pressure is higher, i.e. lower effective vacuum, than that which would cause such bulk flow in the absence of the lifting gas; a molten metal such as copper may be vacuum refined by creating a vacuum effective to cause emission from the liquid copper surface of the metallic impurities as a bulk flow of rising gases, in particular lifting the liquid copper from a lower level to at least the metal surface creates a circulation within the mass of copper effective to promote transfer of metallic impurities to the metal surface.
    • 具有低蒸汽压的熔融金属如铝被真空精炼以除去使用提升气体的金属杂质以形成在液态金属表面上方的金属; 在金属表面上方的真空与提升气体结合是有效的,以在液态金属表面和冷凝器之间形成大量上升的气体流; 压力比在不存在提升气体时会导致这种大体积流动的压力更高,即更低的有效真空度; 可以通过产生有效地使金属杂质的液态铜表面发射的真空作为升温气体的主体流,特别是将液体铜从较低水平提升到至少金属 表面产生铜质量内的循环,有效促进金属杂质向金属表面的转移。
    • 16. 发明授权
    • Vacuum purification of liquid metal
    • 真空净化液态金属
    • US4378242A
    • 1983-03-29
    • US367262
    • 1982-04-12
    • Ralph HarrisWilliam G. Davenport
    • Ralph HarrisWilliam G. Davenport
    • C21C7/10
    • C21C7/10
    • A bath of liquid steel containing metallic impurities is subjected to vacuum effective to cause emission from the bath surface of the metallic impurities as a bulk flow of rising gases. The surface of the bath is kept substantially free of surface contamination. The rising gases are disposed of to prevent reflux. The pressure is then returned to normal, and the treated steel recovered. Preferably, the chamber pressure is maintained at a level equivalent to 60% to 80% of the total vapor pressure of the liquid metal. Desirably, the liquid steel is lifted (for example, by using a gas), from a lower level in the bath to at least its surface to enhance circulation within the bath. Preferably the rising gases are condensed remote from the bath surface to prevent reflux. An apparatus suitable for treating molten metal to remove impurities includes a vacuum chamber enclosing a receptacle for a bath of molten metal, a gas outlet and an outlet for liquid condensate and vacuum pump means for applying a vacuum to the gas outlet. Two hollow legs lead downward from the bottom of the receptacle for immersion in a supply bath of molten metal. A condenser, above the liquid metal level in the receptacle, has surfaces for intercepting emitted gases and converting them to condensate. Means is provided for continuously injecting lifting gas into an up-leg to provide in it, upward circulation of metal and downward circulation in a down-leg. Preferably there is means at the top of up-leg for spraying liquid metal on the surface of the bath.
    • 含有金属杂质的液态钢浴受到真空有效的作用,使金属杂质的浴表面发生作为大量上升气体的流动。 浴的表面基本上没有表面污染。 处理上升的气体以防止回流。 然后压力恢复正常,回收处理后的钢。 优选地,室压力保持在液态金属的总蒸气压的60%至80%的水平。 理想地,液态钢从浴中的较低水平提升(例如通过使用气体)至至少其表面以增强浴内的循环。 优选地,上升气体远离浴面冷凝以防止回流。 适用于处理熔融金属以去除杂质的装置包括一个包围用于熔融金属浴的容器的真空室,用于液体冷凝物的气体出口和出口以及用于向气体出口施加真空的真空泵装置。 两个空心腿从容器的底部向下引导,以浸入熔融金属的供应槽中。 在容器中的液体金属水平面之上的冷凝器具有用于拦截排放的气体并将其转化为冷凝物的表面。 提供了用于将提升气体连续地注入上腿以提供金属向上循环并在下腿中向下循环的装置。 优选地,在上部的顶部具有用于在浴的表面上喷射液态金属的装置。
    • 19. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING WORK PERFORMED BY A COMPRESSOR
    • 用于测量压缩机执行工作的方法和装置
    • US20070132603A1
    • 2007-06-14
    • US11627811
    • 2007-01-26
    • Carl EdlundRalph HarrisKurt Franke
    • Carl EdlundRalph HarrisKurt Franke
    • G08B21/00
    • F04B51/00F04B49/00F04B2201/0201F04B2201/0206F04B2201/0801F04B2201/121F04B2205/01F04B2205/05
    • An apparatus and method for monitoring a reciprocating member of a reciprocating piston compressor is presented. The apparatus and method provide a means for measuring parameters of the reciprocating member, such as road load or cross-head temperature and the like, and wirelessly transmitting the data to a receiver. A mobile assembly is attached to a reciprocating member of the compressor, the mobile assembly having a sensor assembly, a wireless transmitter and a power generation assembly. The sensor assembly measures a parameter of the reciprocating member and generates a representative sensor signal. The wireless transmitter wirelessly transmits a corresponding data signal to a stationary assembly mounted nearby. The power assembly powers the transmitter and sensor assembly. The measured data is used, in conjunction with other measurements, such as a crankshaft encoder, to calculate the work performed by the compressor, the power used by the compressor and other information. The compressor utilization is then optimized based on the gathered information.
    • 提出了一种用于监测往复式活塞式压缩机的往复运动件的装置和方法。 该装置和方法提供了一种用于测量往复运动构件的参数的装置,例如道路负荷或十字头温度等,并将数据无线地传送到接收器。 移动组件连接到压缩机的往复运动构件,移动组件具有传感器组件,无线发射器和发电组件。 传感器组件测量往复构件的参数并产生代表性的传感器信号。 无线发射机将相应的数据信号无线传输到安装在附近的固定组件。 电源组件为变送器和传感器组件供电。 测量数据与其他测量结合使用,例如曲轴编码器,以计算压缩机执行的功能,压缩机使用的功率和其他信息。 然后基于收集的信息优化压缩机利用率。